LIVING IN THE IT ERA

Jonathan Javinar
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
Jonathan Javinar
 At the end of this module, you are
expected to

1. Know the meaning of technology depending

on where it is used.
2. Determine the factors affecting the evolution
of technology.
What is Technology?
• Depending on when the word technology is used,
technology is:
• The devices and machines that assistance to tackle issues
or do new things;
• The procedures, abilities and techniques for taking care of
an issue, (for example, building innovation or medicinal
innovation);
• A culture-shaping action, (for example, fabricating
innovation, or space-travel innovation).
• Utilizing assets to take care of an issue, (for example,
information, abilities, forms, strategies, apparatuses and
crude materials).
• A term to portray the level of accomplishment in science,
arithmetic and designing of a gathering or culture.
• In financial aspects, innovation is the present condition of
our insight into how to assemble assets to deliver needed
items (and our insight into what can be created).
How technology evolves?
• According to Brian Arthur of the Sante Fe
Institute “Technology evolves over time” and
that technological evolution happens because
of the phenomenon that he calls as
combinatorial evolution.

The greater number of new technologies and

the combinations that are and can be generated
from them the faster will be the technological
advancement or evolution.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

1. Systems Theory
- Richard Dawkins has expressed that
advancement is only a "unique instance of the more
broad law of survival of the stable". So truly, we are keen
on those frameworks that endure for longer measures of
time - a framework being characterized as some element
containing parts with reliable and tenacious examples of
association. Effective frameworks are those that are
steady in some shape, for example, a human, a business,
an environment, or an economy.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

2. Feedback between Technology and Society

- Innovation by and large, and particularly
Information Technology, has influenced individuals
and society in various ways. The best example is
the present worldwide economy.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

3. Maladaptive Features
- In stable frameworks where versatile
change comes gradually, some of the time
highlights can wind up maladaptive.
Successful PC softwares like that of the
Windows CE was uncompatible with mobile
devices.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

4. Niche Construction
- Specialty development is the procedure in
which a living being adjusts its own particular
condition or the one of different animal groups,
much of the time as a methods for expanding its
odds of survival. It is as critical to advancement as
is common determination. A situation causes
changes in species through choice and species
cause changes in their condition through specialty
development. Apple's accomplishment as of late
can be viewed for instance of this procedure.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

5. Competition for The Same Niche

- At the point when two or more
advancements or tech companies overlap in their
product niches but is insignificant, then those
products or innovations can co-exist.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

6. Niche Differentiation
- Product differentiation (morphologically or
conditionally) is the key to be able to coexist with
other technologies competing in the same market,
a very good example of morphological
differentiation to be competitive is the dual-use
ultrabook with detachable tablet screen
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

7. Selection Pressure
- The evolution or development of the
smartphone is a concrete example of selection
pressure also known as environmental or market
pressure. That pressure exerted by the end users
of a technological product.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology
8. Evolutionary vs. Revolutionary Products
- Most new classes of items begin sans
preparation, and in this way there isn't adequate data to
decide how they will be utilized. Counting numerous
highlights toward the start does not give much
advantage. At first MP3 players just allowed to stack
music documents from a PC and play them in a hurry.
Later clients characterized the fundamental arrangement
of wanted highlights. These days, the MP3 player is an
element on a complex cell phone. The test is for item
makers to emphasize adequately sufficiently quick to
convey or coordinate new highlights and enhance
existing highlights on their items.
Factors affecting the evolution of technology

9. Cultural Variation
- basically points out that differences in
culture, beliefs, attitudes, skills, customs, and
even financial capabilities also affect how
technology advances and evolves in a particular
geographical area or culture.
References and Supplementary Materials
• Online Supplementary Reading Materials
• The Evolution of Technology. http://bigthink.com/hybrid-
reality/the-evolution-of-technology
• Technology. Retrieved from
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology;
• Technological Evolution in Society - The Evolution of Mobile
Devices. Retrieved from
https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S07
18-18762015000100001