What is nervous system?

Nervous system is a part of a man that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting
signals to and from different parts of its body.

Explain how nerve impulses move from one (1) neuron to another.

The transmission of a nerve impulse along a neuron from one end to the other occurs as a result of
electrical changes across the membrane of the neuron. The membrane of an unstimulated neuron is
polarized that is, there is a difference in electrical charge between the outside and inside of the
membrane. The inside is negative with respect to the outside.

What are the parts of the nervous system? Give the functions of each part.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain plays a central role in the control of most bodily
functions, including awareness, movements, sensations, thoughts, speech, and memory.

 Brain - controls our thoughts, memory and speech, movement of the arms and legs,
and the function of many organs within our body.

 Spinal cord - primarily in the transmission of nerve signals from the motor cortex to the
body and from the afferent fibers of the sensory neurons to the sensory cortex. It is also a
center for coordinating many reflexes and contains reflex arcs that can independently control
reflexes.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord. The main function of
the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs, essentially serving as a relay between
the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body

 Nerve - an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibres called axons, in the peripheral
nervous system. A nerve transmits electrical impulses and is the basic unit of the peripheral
nervous system. A nerve provides a common pathway for the electrochemical nerve impulses
called action potentials that are transmitted along each of the axons to peripheral organs or, in
the case of sensory nerves, from the periphery back to the central nervous system.

 Ganglion - is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. In the
somatic nervous system this includes dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia among a few
others.