The Nervous System
information and issue instructions based
The nervous system is a network of cells
called neurons that coordinate actions and
transmit signals between different parts of
the body.
The nervous system is the major controlling,
regulatory, and communicating system in
the body. It is the center of all mental
activity including thought, learning, and
memory. Together with the endocrine
system, the nervous system is responsible for
regulating and maintaining homeostasis.
Through its receptors, the nervous system
keeps us in touch with our environment,
both external and internal.
Like other systems in the body, the nervous
system is composed of organs, principally
the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia.
These, in turn, consist of various tissues,
including nerve, blood, and connective
tissue. Together these carry out the
complex activities of the nervous system.
An Overview
The Nervous system is the series of 100+
BILLION neurons in the body.
Includes the following divisions
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Functions include:
Communication ! Collecting data,
interpreting, and sending messages.
Structural Classification of the
Nervous System:
Central Nervous System (CNS):
Consists of the brain and the spinal
cord, which act as the integrating and
command centers of the nervous system
They interpret incoming sensory
on past experience and current
conditions.
Peripheral Nervous System
(PNS):
It is part of the nervous system outside
the CNS.
They link all parts of the body by
carrying impulses from the sensory
receptors to the CNS and from the CNS
to the appropriate glands or muscles.
It consists mainly of the nerves that
extend from the brain and spinal cord.
Cranial Nerves carry impulses to and
from the brain.
Spinal Nerves carry impulses to and
from the spinal cord.
What is Nerve Tissue?
Nerve tissue is one of four major classes of
tissues. It is specialized tissue found in the
central nervous system and the peripheral
nervous system. It consists of neurons and
supporting cells called neuroglia. The
nervous system is responsible for the control
of the body and the communication among
its parts.
What is the main function of nerve
tissue? Nervous tissue is composed of three
main parts: nerves, the spinal cord and the
brain. The primary function of nervous tissue
is to receive stimuli and sent the impulse to
the spinal cord and brain. The brain sends
back a response to the muscles via the
nerves.
Nerve Tissue
Made up of neurons
Size and shape of neurons differ in
different parts of the nervous system
Perform same function

What is a Central Nervous
System?
The central nervous system (CNS) controls
most functions of the body and mind. It
consists of two parts: the brain and the
spinal cord. The brain is the center of our
thoughts, the interpreter of our external
environment, and the origin of control over
body movement.
What is Peripheral Nervous
System?
The peripheral nervous system refers to
parts of the nervous system outside the
brain and spinal cord. It includes the cranial
nerves, spinal nerves and their roots and
branches, peripheral nerves, and neuro
muscular junctions. The anterior horn cells,
although technically part of the central
nervous system (CNS), are sometimes
discussed with the peripheral nervous
system because they are part of the motor
unit.
In the peripheral nervous system, bundles of
nerve fibers or axons conduct information
to and from the central nervous system. The
autonomic nervous system is the part of the
nervous system concerned with the
innervation of involuntary structures, such as
the heart, smooth muscle, and glands within
the body.
The Peripheral Nervous System
The Peripheral Nervous System contains
all of the nerves which feed into the
brain and spinal cord.
Any nerves or neurons that feed into
the central nervous system
Introduction:
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is
one of the two main parts of the
nervous system, the other part is the
central nervous system (CNS). The PNS
consists of the nerves and ganglia
outside of the brain and spinal cord.
The main function of the PNS is to
connect the CNS to the limbs and
organs, essentially serving as a relay
between the brain and spinal cord and
the rest of the body.
Coordinating and
Regulating Feedback
Mechanism
Of all the body systems, the nervous system
is the major control system of homeostasis.
It provides monitoring, response, and
regulation of all systems in the human body
and other organisms. It functions from the
tiny level of individual cells to affecting the
whole body at once.
Receptors inside and outside the body are
constantly monitoring conditions and
watching for changes. When a body system
leaves a set point and falls outside its
normal range, signals are sent through the
nervous system which trigger responses to
bring the system back into the normal range
of functioning. This is the process of
homeostasis. These complicated and
intricate processes have evolved over
millions of years. For example, thermo
receptors and mechano receptors in the
skin sense changes in temperature and
pressure, respectively. Then, signals sent
from them to the brain make it possible to
detect situations that could cause injury or
death. In addition, nerves make muscles
contract which moves the bones of the
skeleton, making it possible to evade
predators/or fight. This ability to perceive
the environment and reacting to it is critical
to maintaining homeostasis in the body.
Nervous System
Controls and coordinates bodily
activities that require rapid responses
Detects and initiates reactions to
change in external environment
Endocrine System
Secreting glands of endocrine regulate
activities that require duration rather
than speed
Controls concentration of nutrients and,
by adjusting kidney function, controls
internal environment's volume and
electrolyte composition.
Nervous System and
Homeostasis
Within the process of homeostasis the
nervous system detects and responds to
adaptions within the body's internal and
external environments by sending fast
electrical impulses through nerves to the
brain which instructs an effect or and
enables them to react quickly and return
the body to a state of equilibrium.