ADVANCED SPECIAL SUBJECT 2.3.

GERUNDS vs TO V-INF
I. GERUNDS (Danh độ ng từ ): (V-ing):
- Có thể đứ ng đầu câ u làm chủ ngữ (luô n chia số ít)
E.g: Giving students assignments is my hobby.
- Có thể đứ ng sau tính từ sở hữ u:
E.g: I am worried about the fanatics’ donating $ to their Chinese idols.
…
ADVANCED SPECIAL SUBJECT 2.3. GERUNDS vs TO V-INF
SECTION A. PRACTICE EXERCISES
I. Correct the sentences if necessary.
1. To take regular exercise is becoming quite a trend these days. TAKING
2. I don’t mind to be interviewed in the street by market researchers. BEING
3. Excuse my interrupting, but I can give you the directions you want.
4. Since he’s been in Ireland, he’s got used to driving on the left.
5. The company achieved its productivity target by offering incentives to the workforce.
6. You can go to sightsee in London from the top of a double-decker bus. SIGHTSEEING
7. In addition to lose all my money, I realised my my credit card had been stolen. LOSING
8. I can’t stand him coughing and sneezing all over us. He should stay at home if he’s got a cold.
9. It’s no use to tell me all your problems. You’ll have to see the student counsellor. TELLING
10. She burst out crying as soon as she saw our shocked faces. SHOCKING
11. Most cats enjoy be stroked. BEING
12. I’m afraid I just can’t face to go into the witness box and tell all those people what happened. GOING
II. Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive of the verb in brackets.
1. Humility means (be) BEING able to admit you’re sometimes wrong.
2. You will not be permitted (enter) TO ENTER the building without the Chief Fire Officer’s permission.
3. I’d be interested (know) TO KNOW if the chair in astrophysics is still vacant.
4. I’ll never forget (see) SEEING the factory chimney collapse in a cloud of smoke and rubble.
5. Bankers advised the owners of the ailing: yếu đuố i theme park (reduce) TO REDUCE entry charges in a bid to attract
more visitors.
6. All the report’s recommendations need (review) REVIEWING in the light of the committee’s statements to the press.
7. The politician was accused OF trying (stir up) TO STIR UP trouble in his constituency: đơn vị bầ u cử as a ploy: má nh
to divert attention from his own affairs.
8. I don’t think my uncle will ever get used to (be) BEING at home all day instead of (go) GOING out to work
SECTION B. USE OF ENGLISH: ADVANCED EXERCISES
I. PHRASAL VERBS
1.1. Complete each of the sentences with the correct form of one of the verbs below and the practice DOWN
PART A. blow   chop   kneel     lie   pour    shoot   sit  slow calm cool cut fall mark   quieten tear tone
1. Make yourself at home. SIT DOWN . I’ll be with you in a moment.
2. I feel a bit tired so I think I’ll LIE DOWN for a while.
3. You’d better take your umbrella because it’s POURING DOWN
4. You’re driving too fast! SLOW DOWN or you’ll have an accident!
5. The tree was dying so he had to CHOP it DOWN
6. Tall people can be very frightening for small children. If you’re tall, KNEEL DOWN when you’re speaking to
them so that you’re at their levels.
7. It was very windy last night and several trees were BLOWN DOWN.
8. Did you hear on the news that a UN plane was SHOT DOWN this morning?
 9. This coffee’s too hot! I’ll wait until it has COOLED DOWN before I drink it.
10. There’s no need to get so excited! Try to CALM DOWN.
11. If they saw any posters with his picture on, the protestors TORE them DOWN
12. If you can’t give up smoking entirely, at least try to CUT DOWN.
13. Everyone started talking at once. Finally, after they had QUITENED DOWN he continued speaking.
14. The church tower was damaged in the storm and a week later, it FELL DOWN.
15. During the sale some prices were MARKED DOWN by as much as 50 percent.
16. So as not to cause offence they asked her to TONE DOWN: hạ giọ ng, nó i dịu đi her speech.
PART B. copy fall   get   keep tie tumble     water     wave   flutter   jot  lay   narrow      play      scale
1. I’m so annoyed with myself for making a mistake! -  You shouldn’t let it GET you DOWN: là m ai thấ t vọ ng like this.
2.  A teacher might see you if you put your head up! KEEP DOWN.
3. It’s important to follow the instructions so COPY DOWN the details carefully and check them
4.  It’s a very weak argument that FALLS DOWN: rơi rụ ng on at least two points.
5. Ann can do what she likes. She has no family responsibilities to TIE her DOWN: rà ng buộ c .
6. When the car broke down, we stood by the side of the road and manages to WAVE DOWN: vẫ y tay ra hiệu dừ ng lạ i a
passing motorist, who gave us a lift to town.
7. They didn’t like the strong language in his speech and they asked him to WATER it DOWN: là m dịu đi to avoid a
diplomatic incident.
8. The boy took a tin from the bottom of the stack and the rest came TUMBLING DOWN: đổ sậ p xuố ng
9.  I’d better just JOT DOWN: tố c ký those dates in case I forget.
10. The Soviets tried to PLAY DOWN: giảm bớ t tính nghiêm trọ ng the incident at Chernobyl. It was much more serious
than they admitted at first.  
11. We were starting to run out of money so we’ve had to SCALE DOWN: giảm bớ t quy mô our operations.
12. The regulations LAY DOWN: đề ra minimum safety standards in the workplace.
13. As I looked up a piece of paper came FLUTTERING DOWN: rơi chầ m chậm from a window on the third floor.
14. Originally, we had over fifty suspects but we’ve managed to NARROW them DOWN: rú t gọ n lại cò n to five.
1.2. Complete each sentence with the correct form of one of the verbs given and the practice DOWN.
bring           come     go     hold knock         put take     turn 
1. As my friend was crossing the road, she was KNOCKED DOWN by a speeding car.
2. The couple stood on the beach and watched the sun GO DOWN over the horizon.
SEE/WATCH/OBSERVE O V-INF/V-ING
3. The Opposition parties hope the scandal will BRING DOWN: hạ bệ the president and his government.
4. Our dog was in such pain that we had him PUT DOWN: giết đi để khô ng chịu đau nữ a.
5. Mary, there’s someone on the phone with an urgent order. Can you TAKE it DOWN: nhậ n đơn hà ng please?
6. The prisoner became violent and it took 4 officers to HOLD him DOWN: á p chế, đè xuố ng .
7. Now we’ve moved to the country, why don’t you COME DOWN and visit us more time?
8. The committee had very strong feelings about the kind of person who wasn’t acceptable. They TURNED DOWN
any applicant who was wearing jeans, for example.
9. Land was needed for the new motorway and 100 houses were KNOCKED DOWN to make way for it.
10. We’re spent hours putting up all the decorations. When the party’s over, we’ll have to TAKE them DOWN all again.
11. It’s a bit chilly in here. They’ve TURNED DOWN the heating.
12. Just as we arrived, the sky went very black and the rain CAME DOWN so heavily that we got so extremely wet.
13. As you can imagine, the news of the team’s defeat didn’t GO DOWN: đượ c chấ p nhậ n very well.
14. The boss doesn’t criticise other people like that. Why does he have to PUT her DOWN: sỉ nhụ c ai all the time?
15. So Sid’s unemployed again! He just can’t HOLD DOWN = maintain a job for more than a few weeks!
16. The government is doing its best to BRING DOWN the cost of houses so that more people can afford to buy a home
of their own again.
1.3. Match an item on the right with an item on the left. Use each item once only.
PART A.
1.       The birds G A. beat down: đổ lử a and we got very hot. = THE DOGS’ DAY =
2.       The building C A SCORCHING DAY = SWELTERING
3.       The car B B. broke down on the journey home.
4.       The noise E C. burnt down and all the contents were destroyed.
5.       The plane H D. cracked down: nghiêm trị hard to prevent more violence.
6.       The police D E.  died down: dịu dầ n and I was able to concentrate again.
7.       The rain F F. pelted down and they got extremely wet.
8.       The sun A G. swooped down: bổ nhà o xuố ng and took the bread crumbs
from the grass.
H. touched down: hạ cá nh at the airport two hours late.

PART B.
1.       batter down C: phá ná t A. the blinds: rèm if the sun gets too bright.
2.       note down B B. your new address.
3.       pull down A C. the door to get in.
4.       set down E D. the information I was looking for.
5.       shout down H: hét lên ko cho ai nó i E. minimum standards of hygiene.
6.       slam down F F.  the phone, looking very angry.
7.       track down D G. the walls before your start painting.
8.       wash down G H. the speaker so he’s unable to continue.
21.43-21.48: ÔN TỪ VỰNG BÀI TRƯỚC
21.48-22.13: KIỂM TRA (ĐĂNG BÀI LÊN MÀN HÌNH/ GỬI PHIẾU KTRA VÀO ZALO/ FB)
22.13-22.35: CHỮA. HS TỰ TÍNH ĐIỂM & BÁO TRONG COMMENT
 ADVANCED VOCABULARY REVIEW 1.3
NAME: …………………………………………………. MARK:………../120
I. Merge a verb with (an) appropriate particle(s) to form a phrasal verb in correct tense in each sentence.
lay – wear - pull – dawn - latch – bail - polish – freshen – apart - on x 8 - off - up x 12 – with - about – at – onto –
dwell - own – heap - work x 2 - bottle – go – hit - botch - off – over – out x 3 – into – to - under - together
single - crop – call – content – lead - liven – pull - shoot –
reconcile - clutter – tide - take – hinge – soup – take –
tune - drag – butter
1. The songs LIVENED UP the evening.
2. Rental prices have started TO SHOOT UP/ SHOOTING UP in this area over the last couple of years.
3. Problems always seem TO CROP UP when we're about to go away on vacation.
4. Tom finally OWNED UP to eating my burrito.
5. I've been POLISHING my Japanese UP before I go to Tokyo next month.
6. She's kept her feelings about the accident BOTTLED UP for too long.
7. He PULLED his car UP alongside mine and handed me the package.
8. Can you excuse me for a moment? I'd like to FRESHEN UP before dinner.
9. My career didn't TAKE OFF until I moved to Los Angeles.
10. Our vacation plans HINGE ON how quickly the hurricane gets to the island.
11. Try not to DWELL ON this rejection, honey. There are plenty of other nice boys you can ask to the dance.
12. The officer LAID ABOUT him with his billy club, fending off the attackers until he had a chance to escape into an
alley.
13. You're not going to become some great artist overnight—you have to keep WORKING AT it!
14. The lecture WORE ON for nearly two hours, with several in the audience audibly snoring.
15. Everyone has been HEAPING praise ON the firefighter who risked his life to save the little girl from the blaze.
16. Samantha is WORKING ON her Ph.D. at the moment.
17. Once he LATCHED ONTO the instructions in the manual, he was able to complete the repair.
18. Some cars SOUPED UP with customized engines and suspensions may be uninsurable through standard policies.
19. Once I PULLED UP to the bank, it dawned on me that I had forgotten my wallet.
20. Stop all printing—the boss has CALLED OFF this project!
21. Suzy loves TAKING electronics APART and figuring out how to put them back together again.
22. They SINGLED OUT her project from all the other applicants for its creative and ingenious design.
23. The crowd CONTENTED themselves WITH shouting insults.
24. When we argue, he DRAGS every one of my past misdeeds INTO the conversation—it's so frustrating!
25. You'll have to BUTTER them UP a bit before they'll agree.
26. Please do not CLUTTER UP your room. It is quite tidy now.
27. I BOTCHED UP the dinner and we had to eat out
28. Have another piece of cake. It'll TIDE you OVER till supper
29. Thousands of companies WENT UNDER during the recession.
30. Some guy HIT ON me while I was standing at the bar.
31. Most of what he says is such garbage that I just TUNE him OUT .
32. She keeps running up huge debts and asking friends to BAIL her OUT.
33. In times of crisis, communities PULL TOGETHER.
34. I hope he’s not just LEADING her ON, because I’d hate to see her look foolish.
35. She must RECONCILE herself TO the fact that she must do some work if she wants to pass her exams.
II. Fill in each blank with (an) appropriate word(s) to make an idiom/fixed phrase
1. Keeping taxpayers in the DARK about how their money is being spent is not how government should operate
2. Excuse me, but I take EXCEPTION to being characterized as some sort of opportunist.
3. If you don't pull your WEIGHT, our presentation will never be finished on time.
4. I'll get my own BACK on her one day.
5. I was nervous starting an internship at my uncle's company, but it definitely made it easier being under his WING.
6. I'm a web developer, but I also write articles for a music magazine on the SIDE.
7. A lot of people see the omnipresence of the Internet as the death of face-to-face communication, but at this point it
is very much here to STAY.
8. The attitude of the airport guard was symptomatic of a system falling apart at the SEAMS.
9. We are in no SENSE blaming you for what happened.
10. I want this work finished by this afternoon. Do I make myself CLEAR?
11. Of course she's oblivious to the growing homeless population in our city—she can't see beyond the end of HER
NOSE.
12. After earning my degree, I'm at a CROSSROADS/ LOOSE END. I need to figure out which direction my life should
take.
13. He went off the RAILS in his first year at university, getting expelled before becoming a sophomore.
14. None of us has any money, so we’re all in the same BOAT
15. Don't ROCK the boat until the negotiations are finished.
16. Former friends have deserted the couple like rats leaving a SINKING ship.
17. In the next few days we will see if the ambassador can weather the STORM caused by his remarks.
18. Genetic engineers are entering uncharted TERRITORY.
19. His marriage was known to be on the ROCKS.
20. It's time for the mayor and the police chief to kiss and MAKE UP.
21. Fred was attacked and Ralph sprang to his DEFENSE/DEFENCE.
22. Their performance BEARS/STANDS comparison with any hospital in Scotland.
23. Her Spanish has come on in LEAPS and BOUNDS this year.
24. The lawyers want to make sure we've done everything strictly by the BOOK
25. I've had two job offers, and I'm in a real QUANDARY about/over which one to accept.
26. I’m not in the right FRAME of mind for jokes just now.
27. I’m at my WITS’ end trying to think of ways to amuse these children.
28. So far we've only discussed the question in the ABSTRACT without referring to any examples.
29. He always does everything himself, never following the HERD
30. The tenants were still in ARREARS even after having paid so much to the landlord.
31. The money raised will go a LONG WAY towards providing essential food and medicine.
32. The country is currently in the GRIP of the worst recession in 20 years
33. Jenny threw me off BALANCE when she said she wanted to have a baby.
34. When the heavyweight champion boasted that nobody could beat him, no one expected this newcomer to throw
down THE GAUNTLET.
35. The project is being held in ABEYANCE until agreement is reached on funding it.
36. I'm all/completely at SEA with the new computer system.
37. "What did you think of my singing, then?" "Er, don't give up THE DAY JOB!"
38. This argument needs to come to the FORE when you rewrite your paper.
39. After a slow start, the convention is now in full SWING.
40. The company is keen to put down ROOTS in the region, which they see as having huge untapped market potential.
41. The film has an underlying theme of grief and loss that will hit HOME with a lot of viewers.
42. I know this data entry process seems complex now, but it'll be second NATURE after you do it for a few weeks.
43. If our sales stay strong, we should be out of the WOODS by the next quarter.
44. I expect you to TOE the line at all times if you want to remain at this firm, Jonathan.
45. A good rule of THUMB is to plant your seedlings around the end of May.
46. I know your first novel was a smash success, but if you just rest on your LAURELS, you're going to fade into
obscurity.
47. A soft LINE is a moderate or flexible policy or position, as on a political issue.
48. The luxurious office accentuated the manager's position in the PECKING order.
49. It is possible to stay overnight here although there is no guest house as SUCH.
50. The country was in the DEPTHS of the worst economic disaster of the last century.
III. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word form
1. He ROMANTICIZES/ROMANTICIZED the life of a spy, not knowing how boring and lonely it can be. (ROMANCE)
2. He's so DISMISSIVE of anybody else's suggestions. (DISMISS)
3. Her husband is an INCORRIGIBLE flirt. (CORRECT)
4. KOLs are considered successful EXPLOITERS of media attention. (EXPLOIT)
5+6. The human mind is INSTRUMENTAL in our DECISION-MAKING process. (INSTRUMENT/ DECIDE)
7. Russia announced a GROUNDBREAKING piece of research when they came up with the first Covid19 vaccine.
(GROUND)
8. Everyone can see the UBIQUITY of fast-food outlets in today’s world. (UBIQUITOUS)
9. This cloth has been IMPREGNATED with special chemicals for cleaning computer screens. (PREGNANT)
10. When you upload a video, you get a code to EMBED it in your site. (BED)
11. Whatever his SHORTCOMINGS as a husband, he was a good father to his children. (COME)
12. Many teachers expressed serious MISGIVINGS about the new tests. (GIVE)
13. I'd only gone a little way down the street when I remembered I hadn't locked the door, so I made/did a quick
ABOUT-TURN (TURN)
14. Jobs become scarce in a STAGNANT economy. (STAGNATE)
15. Small businesses have PROLIFERATED in the last ten years. (PROLIFIC)
16. Such actions against LAW-ABIDING citizens will not be tolerated. (LAW)
17. Young and EXUBERANT, he symbolizes Italy's new vitality. (EXUBERATE)
18. It took months of PAINSTAKING research to write the book. (PAIN)
19. These dates are only PROVISIONAL and subject to change at short notice. (PROVIDE)
20. To all OUTWARD appearances everything was fine, but under the surface the marriage was very shaky. (OUT)
21. The police said his car had been weaving all over the road, so they pulled him over and gave him a SOBRIETY/
SOBERNESS test. (SOBER)
22. My seven-year-old got new shoes in April, and he's already OUTGROWN them. (GROW)
23. Criticism just UNDERMINES their confidence. (MINE)
24. The firm's director is confident that the new project will act as a SPRINGBOARD for/to further contracts. (BOARD)
25. You'd be wise to make a DETOUR to avoid the roadworks. (TOUR)
26. Please don’t ask me anything. I’m in a TEARING hurry. (TEAR)
27. She GRUDGINGLY admitted that she had been wrong to criticize him. (GRUDGE)
28. He SHAMEFACEDLY confessed he had invented the whole story. (FACE)
29. The waiter APOLOGETICALLY asked if we could move to a different table. (APOLOGIZE)
30. The question presented is who suffers more, the one whose loved one is dead or the one whose love is
UNREQUITED (REQUITE)
31+32. Kids coming from DYSFUNCTIONAL families do not generally have a CAREFREE childhood. (FUNCTION/CARE)
33. The problem is that managers may favor their BLUE-EYED boys. (EYE)
34. HOMEMAKER is a person, especially a housewife, who manages a home. (HOME)
35. For some workers, accepting a BUYOUT can be a good deal. (BUY)

ESSAY:
I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA: Essay là 1 tậ p hợ p cá c đoạ n vă n (paragraph) nhằm diễn tả 1 ý xuyên suố t cả bài (PHẢ I XUỐ NG DÒ NG,
>250 TỪ ) (khô ng quá 30% = 325 từ )
II. Bố cụ c (Format)
1. Mở bài (2-4 câu)
- General Statement: (giớ i thiệu chung về hoà n cả nh) (1 câu) (OPTIONAL)
- Hook: dẫ n trự c tiếp và o đề (1 câ u) (PARAPHRASE TOPIC)
- Thesis: ý chính sẽ viết trong cả bài (1 câ u) (PARAPHRASE TOPIC)
E.g. ‘’Some people think that video games are advantageous while others believe video games are harmful to the
people who play them. Discuss both views and give your opinion’’

- General statement: In today’s world, video games are growing/gaining in popularity.

- Hook: It is thought/believed that video games/ this type of entertainment are/is beneficial; however/nevertheless,
opponents claim that this form of entertainment is disadvantageous/detrimental to gamers.
- Thesis: In this essay, I will/ This essay will analyze both views and share/reveal my opinion in the conclusion.

1 số hiểu nhầ m trong khi viết mở bà i:

- Mở bài cà ng thú vị cà ng điểm cao -> SAI. Viết đú ng, đủ , đừ ng quá dài
- Viết cà ng dà i cà ng tố t -> SAI.
- Chép lạ i đề bà i: khô ng chép lạ i mà phả i PARAPHRASE
+ Thay hết từ trong bài
- Thesis quá rõ rà ng/quá mơ hồ
Quá rõ rà ng: In this essay, I will analyze the merits/advantages of video games in terms of education and relaxation in
addition to their disadvantages such as distraction and addiction.
Quá mơ hồ : In this essay, I will share my opinion later.

HW: Là m hết 9 trang đầ u củ a phiếu (7 trang sau. 3.5 tờ )

- Nghe, tự tính điểm, nhắc lạ i theo link