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Lecture-5
FA0
(−rA )
FA0
(−rA )
VPFR = VCSTR
X
Reactors in Series
FA2 = FA0 (1 − X 2 )
FA1 = FA0 (1 − X1 )
FA3 = FA0 (1 − X 3 )
Total moles of A reacted up to point i
Xi = Moles of A fed to the first reactor
FAO FAn
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 --------------- n-2 n-1 n X=Xn
X=0
n
FAO
-rA
VPFR = lim ∑ VCSTR,i
n →∞
i =1
--
Xn X
PFR in series
X3
FA0
FAO
Vsingle = ∫0 − rA dX FA3
Let us compare two scenarios
• Single reactor achieving X3
• 3 reactors in series achieving X3
X=0 X=X3 • How is the total volume of 3 reactors
FAO in series related to single reactor ??
FA1
FA2
X=0
X=X2
X=X1 FA3; X=X3
V1 + V2 + V3
X1 2 X 3 X
FA0 FA0 FA0
FA0 =∫ dX + ∫ dX + ∫ dX
− rA − rA − rA
(− rA ) 0 X1 X2
X3
V3 FA0
V1 V2
X
= ∫X − rA dX = Vsingle
2
Class Problem #2
• The exothermic reaction A → B + C was carried out
adiabatically and the following data recorded:
XA 0 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9
0.10
h h
0.08 Method-2: Simpson’s Rule
0.06
in
0.02
0.00
where, h = [X2-XO]/2 & X1=XO+h
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Conversion - X
Area = [0.2/3] x [0.1 + 4x0.06 + 0.02]
= [0.2/3] x [0.36] = 0.024 L·min/mol
0.10
= [0.6-0.4] x 0.02 = 0.004
0.08
0.06
V = 300 x 0.004 = 1.2 L
in
0.04
Therefore, we know that X2>0.6
1/(-rA)
0.02
0.00
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Conversion - X
Solution to Class Problem#3
Part(b) Conversion in CSTR in series with PFR
L-min/mol
= 0.3 X -0.16 0.10
0.08
0.06
in
Area under curve = f(X2).[X2-X1] 0.04
1/(-rA)
V = Area under curve × FAO = 2.4 L
= [0.3 X2 - 0.16] [X2 -0.4] × 300
0.02
0.00
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Solving for X2, we get X2 =0.6425
Conversion - X