The Spoliarium was painted by Juan Luna.

He spent eight
months on completing the canvas painting, which depicts
dying gladiators. At the center of Luna’s painting are fallen
gladiators being dragged by Roman soldiers. On the left,
spectators emotionally await their chance to strip off the
soldier of their metal helmets. In contrast with the charged
emotions featured on the left, the right side meanwhile
presents a dark aura. An old man carries a torch perhaps searching for his son while a woman
bleeds the death of her loved one.
He submits it to the Exposicion National de Bellas Artes in 1884 in Madrid, where it garnered
the first gold medal. In 1886, was sold the painting in the  Diputación Provincial de Barcelona
for 20,000 pesetas, which 6,809.04 in peso. It is currently hanging at the Philippine National
Museum of Fine Arts with a dimension of 4.22 meters x 7.675 meters.
Rizal was illustrated in his speech that the Spoliarium, "embodied the essence of our social,
moral and political life: humanity in the severe ordeal, humanity unredeemed, reason, and
idealism in an open struggle with prejudice, fanaticism, and injustice."
The Death of Cleopatra was made in 1881 by Juan
Luna and won a silver medalist during the National
Exposition of Fine Arts in Madrid. The Death of
Cleopatra is his notable artistic achievement, iconic and
remarkable work. The 1881 Madrid painting contest was
Luna's first art exposition. Later time Juan Luna sold it for
5,000 pesetas, which 1702.26 in peso. After the event,
Luna received a pension scholarship at the Ayuntamiento de Manila. His talent and unique skills
won him much favor with the King of Spain, Alfonso XII, who was an influential patron and art
enthusiast. And he became a contributor to the Exposicion National de Bellas Artes. March 9,
2019, when the painting of Juan Luna sold for Php 9.3M to an auction by Salcedo. The piece
sold for Php 9.3M. The measure of the artwork was 10 x 15 inches, which fall to Php 62, 293 per
square inch. Dimension 250 cm × 340 cm (98.4 in × 132 in), Location Museo del Prado in
Madrid, Spain.

The Blood Compact portrays the 1565 Sandugo

(blood compact, ritual) between Datu Sikatuna of Bohol
and Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, surrounded by other
conquistadors. Conquistadors are the knights, soldiers,
and explorers of the Spanish and Portuguese empire.

In 1904, the painting won the first prize in Paris, France,

and at the St. Louis Exposition in the US. It is one of Juan
Luna's work that he gave to the Government of Spain.
Also, this is the last paintings created by Juan Luna. Jose Rizal and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
Helped Luna to finish his work, and Rizal posed as Sikatuna, while Pardo de Tavera posed as
Legazpi. Blood Compact was displayed on top of the Grand Staircase leading towards the
Ceremonial Hall in Malacañang Palace.

España y Filipinas it means Spain and the Philippines. It is symbolizing of two women,
the one is a representation of Spain, while the other one is a representation of the
Philippines. It is also known as España Guiando a Filipinas, which means "Spain leading the
Philippines, regarded as one of the "enduring pieces of legacy" that the Filipinos inherited
from Luna. 

The painting portrays the Spaniards women as "Motherland" while the Filipino
women were illustrated as "graceful". They both wearing a traje de mestiza or dress
of the mestiza. The dress shows the cultural character and class consciousness from
the 19th-century Hispanization. Spain was shown to be leading the Philippines along
the path to progress and development.
The artwork projected a close bond between Spain and the Philippines through
feminine figures. It is a propaganda painting that revealed the true hope and desire
of Filipino propagandists or promoters. Dimension 229.5 x 79.5 cm, Location Lopez Memorial
Museum.

Las Damas Romanas also is known as The Roman

Maidens, The Roman Women, or The Roman Ladies. It
was painted by Juan Luna when he was a student os
painting in the Real Academia de Bellas Artes San
Fernando in Madrid, Spain, in 1877. It was a Royal
Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando. He became an
apprentice of his Spanish teacher Alejo Valera and brought him to Rome, where he created Las
Damas Romanas in 1882.

The painting portrays the two ladies lying on the steps of a house, and one of them was holding
a grip of two pet dogs to prevent them from scaring away some doves. The doves symbolized
the divinity. Three elements of Las Damas Romanas were the women, the dogs, and the doves.
Roman life engaged dogs because they were employed by the ancient Romans for hunting
activities, guardians of the home and their property, and as pets. Doves, on the other hand,
were animals keep eroticism, which quality that causes sexual feelings. Juan Luna finished the
artwork after winning a silver medal for The Death of Cleopatra in 1881 and before obtaining a
gold medal for the masterpiece Spoliarium in 1884.

Before 2008, during the art auction, the painting was originally priced between 10,000 to
20,000 euros, which Php 623,000 to Php 1.3M in peso. The amount got higher than 200,000
euros (Php12.4M) when the painting was bought by a French dealer. November 30, 2008, was
the artwork got action again at Christie's in Hong Kong with an estimated value ranging from
$1M to $1.2M, which equivalent to HK$8M to HK$10M. The work sold for less than the
estimated price, however, achieving $609,193, or HK$4,700,000. Dimension 100 cm × 170 cm
(39 in × 67 in) Private Collection.

https://www.ranker.com/list/famous-juan-luna-paintings/reference