Effects of Gender Discrimination

Zainab Alsaleh
201900560
Civil Engineering
COMM 1312: Writing and Research
Section 206
Dr. Runna Alghazo
Assignment 1: Research Proposal
 EFFECTS OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION
Introduction

Gender discrimination is any unfair treatment based on sex. It entails various offensive
acts done intentionally or without mutual consent that facilities biasness based on gender in
various realms. It results from racism, chauvinism and ignorance of society moral and may
occurs in various forms such as occupancy segregation, sexual harassments and any other form
of biasness related to family responsibilities and female morphology and characteristics. This
issue is commonly manifested through both verbal and nonverbal conversation at workplaces,
homes, schools among other interactives areas.
According to United Nation gender statistic, gender inherited system is the greatest
contributing factor in gender gap in most of world countries having gender discriminatory
issues especially in less democratic countries particularly among women. Worldwide, 1 out of 10
women are subjected to gender discrimination which results to various economic disparities in
the world. There exist an estimated 20-30 % pay gap in most world countries mainly due to
gender discrimination. In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) alone, gender discriminations had
been rampant over years which explain why women are underrepresented in various socio
economic and political platforms. For instance, women in parliament as per 2016 was 16% of
total while total KSA skilled labour force only consisted of 34% women. Public education
system is equally sex biased as quality of education or schooling system for females and males
are totally different among other issues.
Gender discrimination is associated with several negative societal issues not only
to feminism gender but also to societal growth and development .First , it contributes to
low human capacity development since no adequate material and resources are projected
toward female development which results to higher dependency rates in the society .This
promote a socially dependent and consumption society other than a saving or independent
society due to weaken human capital growth. Secondly, its subject individual to mental and
physiological suffering especially in severe issue that result to violence. Individual subjected to
discrimination feels dejected and may suffer mental disorders and fears. Thirdly, it a major
contributor to contemporary workplace issues. Discrimination at workplace are characterized
with poor team work and cooperation which reduces organization productivity and efficiency
that negatively impacts to the organization performances. This because a hostile working
environment hinders morale and transparency in tackling organization issues

Research questions

1)How does gender discrimination contribute to workplace contemporary issues?

2) What are negative impacts associated with female’s discrimination in the society?
3) How has gender discrimination affected societies in Saudi Arabia?

Research Thesis

Gender discrimination is a key contributor to contemporary issues in workplace in most world

economies. It a major hindrance to societal growth as it reduces human capital development by
hindering maximum utilization of resource and opportunities especially in most education
systems or in other development enhancement activity such as talents and skills and hobbies. A
discriminative workplace has low morale since individuals subjected to discrimination have low
self-esteem in tackling organization issues .Equally discriminations has contributed to
gender based violence and physiology negative effects on individual subjected to such vices
as well as increasing societal dependency rather than independence However, discriminations
based on gender has been a subject to regional policy and inherited culture that promote
gender based discrimination .

Research Importance

The research is projected to study of negative effects of gender discrimination mainly among
females to understand severe implication of such issues in societal developments. Society
balance is based on equality and discrimination eliminates balances resulting to retrogressive
society both economically and socially. A discriminative society has reduced productivity and
efficiency due to low physiological motivation as well as human capital utilization and
developments. Thus, a research on Effects of gender discrimination, particularly towards
women will help in unmasking negative society issues associated with same and how society
loses in various perspective offering needs to changes the situations. Knowledge on Effects
on gender discrimination is also vital in providing evidences that can be used for championing
for gender balance and equal opportunities especially in female’s perspective as well as finding
long term solutions to address same issues

Methodology

For previous study on effects of gender discriminations, secondary materials will be used to
explain negative effects of gender discrimination. Most of the material will be extracted from e-
resources from PMU library, eBooks, and peer reviewed journal from reputable publishing
websites such as ProQuest and Ebsco.
To validate the results, a survey will be carried out. A selected sample size of 30 individual will
be used for study and target views of participant on how they feel, have witnessed or have
been subjected to in line with the study topics. This method is adopted since it easy to use and
enables obtaining of first-hand information of most prevalent effects of gender discrimination in
KSA. A survey questionnaire will be broken down into three key subsections to enable
capturing of physiological, economic and social political effects associated with gender
discriminations. Data collected is then analyzed on Excel to enable development of insight
from the collected data .

Important definitions

Contemporary issues: Refers to issues that are currently affects people in an organization or
any other set up and that are still unresolved.
Human capital development: It a process of improving individual performance, capabilities and
resource at both organization and individual level
is the process of improving an organization's employee performance, capabilities and resources
Societal dependency: Lack of society ability to produce what they need and instead depend on
product individuals
Physiology: related to emotions and mental aspects
Preliminary Bibliography.
[Online report]Effects of gender inequality in employment and pay in Jordan, Lebanon and the
Occupied Palestinian Territory: Three Questions Answered Retrieved 23 September 2020, from
https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---arabstates/---ro-
beirut/documents/publication/wcms_542454.pdf
[Journal]Cann, A., & Vann, E. (1995). Implications of sex and gender differences for
self: Perceived advantages and disadvantages of being the other gender. Sex Roles, 33(7-8), 531-
541. doi: 10.1007/bf01544678
[Ebook]Chapter 3: Gender and its effect on working life. (2020). Retrieved 23 September
2020, from https://www.cam.ac.uk/women-at-cambridge/chapters-and-themes/chapter-3-gender-
and-its-effect-on-working-life\
[Ebook]Crosby, F., Stockdale, M., & Ropp, S. (2008). Sex discrimination in the
workplace. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Pub.
[Ebook]Gregory, R. (2003). Women and workplace discrimination. New Brunswick,
N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
[Journal]Hazel, K., & Kleyman, K. (2019). Gender and sex inequalities: Implications and
resistance. Journal Of Prevention & Intervention In The Community, 1-12. doi:
10.1080/10852352.2019.1627079
[Web page]Ortiz-Ospina, E., & Roser, M. Economic inequality by gender. Retrieved 23
September 2020, from https://ourworldindata.org/economic-inequality-by-gender
[Journal]Stamarski, C., & Son Hing, L. (2015). Gender inequalities in the workplace: the
effects of organizational structures, processes, practices, and decision makers’ sexism. Frontiers
In Psychology, 6. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01400
[Webpage]UN Gender Statistics. Retrieved 23 September 2020, from
https://genderstats.un.org/#/home
[Web page/Article]Vigod, S., & Rochon, P. (2020). The impact of gender discrimination
on a Woman's Mental Health. Retrieved 23 September 2020, from http://The impact of gender
discrimination on a Woman's Mental Health