Thermodynamic-II

Lab Report
Experiment No.2

Submitted to: Madam Bushra Riaz

Submitted by: M. Talha Ashraf
Registration No.: 2018-UET-NFC-FD-MECH-73
Section: B
Semester: 4th

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

NFC-IEFR FAISALABAD
2020
 Experiment No.2
Objective
Investigation of variation of air flow rate with compressor ratio (with
intercooling) and to understand the relation between air flow and compressor
ratio.

Apparatus
 Two stage reciprocating air compressor.

Figure2.1 (Two Stage reciprocating air compressor)

Theory
Main parts of reciprocating air compressor
 1st stage air compressor
 2nd stage air compressor
 Intercooler
 Pressure Gauges
 Rota-Meter
 Water purge valve
What is air compressor?
An air compressor is a device that converts power (using an electric motor, diesel
or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air (i.e.,
compressed air). By one of several methods, an air compressor forces more and
more air into a storage tank, increasing the pressure.
Working principle of air compressor
The basic working principle of an air compressor is to compress atmospheric air,
which is then used as per the requirements. In the process, atmospheric air is
drawn in through an intake valve; more and more air is pulled inside a limited
space mechanically by means of piston, impeller, or vane.
Types of air compressor
There are four most common types of air compressors.
 Rotary Screw Compressor.
 Reciprocating Air Compressor.
 Axial Compressor.
 Centrifugal Compressor.

Figure 2.2 (Sub categories of air compressor)

Advantages of air compressor

 Air has a lot more uses than people give it credit for. Air can be important
for certain hobbies like woodworking. It’s helpful when trying to clear
debris. That’s just a few of its many uses.
 An air compressor may be the best way to power instruments like air-
powered painting tools and nail guns.
  There are several roadside stops, like gas stations, that offer air for free. If
you need to fill your tank – you may not even have to pay for it.
 Get an air compressor for your tires, and use it for well, everything.
Reciprocating Compressor
A reciprocating compressor is a positive-displacement machine that uses a piston
to compress a gas and deliver it at high pressure. They are often some of the most
critical and expensive systems at a production facility, and deserve special
attention. Gas transmission pipelines, petrochemical plants, refineries and many
other industries all depend on this type of equipment.
Due to many factors, including but not limited to the quality of the initial
specification/design, adequacy of maintenance practices and operational factors,
industrial facilities can expect widely varying lifecycle costs and reliability from
their own installations.

Procedure
 Procedure start by entering the fresh air from any source at the inlet of
first compressor and conditions like temperature,
 Pressure are noted at the condition compressor increases the pressure of
air.
 Output of first stage compressor is then enter to intercooler which has
some cooling medium like water to reduce the temperature.
 After using the output air is used as input of second compressor increases
the pressure mire to a higher value than first one.
 Note temperature and pressure readings at this stage

Observation and Calculation

Sr Inlet Air Air Air 2nd Monomeric Compressor Compressor
No. temperature exist exist exist Stage Height speed Speed
st nd nd
T1 1 2 2 pressure H rpm
Stage Stage Stage P2
T2 T3 T4
Table
Sr. qv 1st stage pressure ratio 2nd stage pressure Overall pressure
# ratio ratio
01
02
03
04
05
06
07

Calculations
Graph

Conclusion