MODULE 5: CONCEPTUAL PHASE

Week 7: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE, FRAMEWORK, HYPOTHESIS and DEFINITION OF

TERMS

ACTIVITY

ACTIVITY 1: This activity is called freewriting. After reading and learning all the topics above,
you are asked to think reflectively or critically then put into writing your statement of
hypotheses.

INSTRUCTION:

After reading below an excerpt of a previous study you need to develop and write your own
statement of hypotheses, conceptual and operational definition.
Study Title: Nurse’s Carative Factors and Coping Mechanisms of Filipino Women with Breast
Cancer

In this study, the researchers found out what are the different coping mechanisms of breast cancer patients.
After which, the researchers identified what are the most common and method of coping that these patients
experienced. Being knowledgeable about these will aid in the process of interaction between the breast cancer
patients and the health care providers. Since nurses are the ones who have an in-depth contact with these patients,
it is important that they know their coping mechanisms so that they will be able to set individualize approaches and
parameters in intervening and giving care to breast cancer patients. Breast cancer patients vary in coping that’s
why it is important that care given must also have variation depending on the extent to which the researchers would
better help these patients. In this study, the researchers used the Human Caring Theory by Jean Watson and the
Theory of Coping by Lazarus and Folkman. Here, the researchers identified what was the relationship of these two
theories in connection with the researchers’ study.

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of the study is to identify the coping mechanisms used by breast cancer patients and the
carative factors of nurses. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the compliance of the nurses toward Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors as rated by the patients?
2. What is the compliance of the nurses toward Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors as rated by the nurses?
3. What are the coping mechanisms used among breast cancer patients?
 4. Is there a significant difference between the ratings of the patients and the nurses towards compliance on
Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors?
5. Is there a significant relationship between the carative factors of nurses and coping mechanisms used by
the breast cancer patients?

Type of hypothesis
Safer coping methods from personalized interventions of nurses for Filipino
Simple Hypothesis Women with Breast Cancer is related to the utilization of Ten Carative Factors of
(1 statement only) Jean Watson’s and the Theory of Coping by Lazarus and Folkman.

Individualized approaches as well as parameters in intervening and giving care to

Complex Hypothesis breast cancer patients will be attained when nurses create a relationship and gain
knowledge with the patient’s coping mechanisms, whilst following the usage of
(1 statement only) Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors as well as Lazarus and Folkman’s Theory of
Coping
Directional The more knowledgeable and interaction with the patient/client, the higher the
Hypothesis knowledge of achieving their coping mechanism.
(2 statements) The more recognized coping mechanism of women with breast cancer, the better
and effective execution and application of the carative factors.
Carative Factors of Nurses has an impact in the coping mechanism of Filipino
Nondirectional breast cancer patients.
Hypothesis Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors greatly affects the interaction and relationship
(2 statements) of nurses and patients.

Research Hypothesis The more knowledge relating to Filipino Women with breast cancer the better the
interaction it is amongst the nurse and the patient.

The improved interaction and knowledge amongst the patient and the nurse, there
(2 statements) will be greater and suitable personalized intervention of coping mechanisms of the
patient.
Null Hypothesis There is no significant difference between the interaction effect of the patient and
the nurses towards Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors.
(2 statements) Patients' knowledge is unconnected to the patient’s coping mechanism and the
individualized intervention of nurses.
Conceptual Filipino Breast Cancer Patients is defined as to the nationality that is medically
Definition diagnosed with Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer is a illness in which cells develop out
of control in the breast. Various forms of breast cancer exist. The type of breast
cancer is based on which cells grow into cancer in the breast.
(Independent
variable of this
study)
Conceptual Carative is the human loving philosophy and theory. To differentiate between
Definition nursing and medicine, Dr. Jean Watson uses the word "carative" instead of
"curative." To attempt and master, reduce or acknowledge stress and conflict,
managing involves investing one's own deliberate effort to solve personal and
(Dependent variable interpersonal problems, hence coping methods.
of this study
Operational The Filipino Women with Breast Cancer are Filipino Women who are the
medically diagnosed with Breast Cancer that have varying coping mechanisms in
 Definition managing their pain and behavior.

(Independent
variable of this
study
Operational Carative Factors is the intervention that the nurse gives care to the patient that is
Definition based, examined, and observed by means of Jean Watson’s Ten Carative Factors
and Coping Mechanism is the act that the patient for stress reliver being analyzed
and observed through the theory of Lazarus and Folkman’s.
Dependent Variable
of this study)
l

EVALUATION:

Scoring: 14 points for all correct answers.

REFERENCES:
Polit, D. and C. Tatano Beck. Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing
Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2018
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2012). Nursing research: generating and assessing evidence for
nursing practice. Ninth Edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins.

Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (2009). The practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and
generation of evidence. St. Louis, Mo: Saunders/Elsevier.

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_style_introduction.html