AMIR HAMZA (004) Lab # 03 Date: 12 / 10 / 2020

“Implementation of Single Phase Full Wave Uncontrolled Rectifier

Using Resistive Load to verify its Performance Parameters”

Objective:
In this lab we learn about the performance parameters of single phase full wave uncontrolled rectifier
deriving resistive load will be analyzed.
Apparatus:
 Power Electronics Trainer PEED-13100
 Basic Power Electronics Components
 Digital Multimeter

Conceptual Background:
Rectifier is a circuit that converts an AC signal into a unidirectional DC signal. Rectification is the
process of conversion of alternating input voltage to direct output voltage. In diode rectifiers, the
output voltage cannot be controlled.
Like the half wave circuit, a full wave rectifier circuit produces an output voltage or current which is
purely DC or has some specified DC component. Full wave rectifiers have some fundamental
advantages over their half wave rectifier counterparts. The average (DC) output voltage is higher than
for half wave, the output of the full wave rectifier has much less ripple than that of the half wave
rectifier producing a smoother output waveform.
In a Full Wave Rectifier circuit two diodes are now used, one for each half of the cycle as shown in fig
3.1. A multiple winding transformer is used whose secondary winding is split equally into two halves
with a common centre tapped connection, (C). This configuration results in each diode conducting in
turn when its anode terminal is positive with respect to the transformer centre point C producing an
output during both half-cycles twice that for the half wave rectifier.
Full Wave Rectifier Circuit
The full wave rectifier circuit consists of two power diodes connected to a single load resistance (R L)
with each diode taking it in turn to supply current to the load. When point A of the transformer is
positive with respect to point C, diode D1 conducts in the forward direction as indicated by the arrows.
When point B is positive (in the negative half of the cycle) with respect to point C, diode D2 conducts
in the forward direction and the current flowing through resistor R is in the same direction for both
half-cycles. As the output voltage across the resistor R is the phasor sum of the two waveforms
combined, this type of full wave rectifier circuit is also known as a “bi-phase” circuit.
 Fig 3.1: Single phase center tap full wave rectifier with Resistive Load

Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Another type of circuit that produces the same output waveform as the full wave rectifier circuit
above, is that of the Full Wave Bridge Rectifier. This type of single phase rectifier uses four individual
rectifying diodes connected in a closed loop “bridge” configuration to produce the desired output.
The main advantage of this bridge circuit is that it does not require a special centre tapped transformer,
thereby reducing its size and cost. The single secondary winding is connected to one side of the diode
bridge network and the load to the other side as shown in fig 3.2.

Fig 3.2: Single phase full wave bridge rectifier with Resistive Load

Performance parameters of Single phase Uncontrolled Half wave rectifier

Moreover there are different types of rectifier circuits and performances of rectifier are normally
evaluated in terms of the following parameters:

1. Vdc: Average value of the output load voltage

 Vdc=0.636Vp
2. Idc: Average value of the output load current
Idc=Vdc/R
3. PDC: Output DC power
Pdc = Vdc*Idc
4. Vrms: Root Mean Square value of the output voltage,
Vrms = 0.707*Vp
5. Irms: Root Mean Square value of the output current,
Irms = Vrms/R
6. PAC: Output AC power
Pac = Vrms * Irms
7. η: Efficiency of a rectifier (Rectification Ratio)
η (%)= (Pdc/Pac)*100
8. Vac: Effective value of the ac component of output voltage
Vac=√ Vrms2−Vdc2
9. FF: Measure of the shape of output voltage
FF = Vrms/Vdc
10. RF: Measure of the ripple content of output voltage
RF = Vac/Vdc

PROCEDURE
Write procedure in your own words…

OBSERVATIONS & CALCULATIONS

R = _____k ohm
Do load calculation…

Output Voltage
Vp = ______ V

Table. 3.1: Theoretical Results Obtained

Rectifier 1-phase half wave Rectifier Output Obtained From

Parameters Formulas Formulas
Vdc
0.636*Vp
Idc
Vdc/R
Pdc Vdc*Idc
 Vrms
0.5*Vp
Irms
Vrms/R
Pac
Vrms*Irms
η
Pdc/Pac
Vac
√ Vrms2−Vdc2
FF
Vrms/Vdc

RF Vac/Vdc

Table. 3.2: Practically Results Obtained

Output
Rectifier Parameters
Remarks Values
Vp Measure from DSO

Vdc Measure from DSO

Idc Vdc/R
Pdc Vdc*Idc
Vrms Measure from DSO
Irms Vrms/R
Pac Vrms*Irms
η Pdc/Pac

Vac √ Vrms2−Vdc2
FF Vrms/Vdc
RF Vac/Vdc

WAVEFORMS AND MEASURE PARAMETERS

 Fig. 3.3: Input Voltage Waveform Fig. 3.4: Input voltage Measured parameters

Fig. 3.5: Output voltage Waveform Fig. 3.6: Output voltage Measured
parameters

CONCLUSION
From this lab I concluded that Single phase uncontrolled full wave rectifier have higher average output
voltage and improved ripple factor compared to a half wave rectifier with resistive and inductive load.
With highly inductive load the output voltage waveform of a full wave rectifier may be independent of
the load parameters. With a capacitive load the output voltage form factor approaches unity with
increasing capacitance value for both the half wave and the full wave rectifiers. However, THD of the
input current also increases. A full wave bridge rectifier generates higher average dc voltage compared
to a split supply (center tapped) full wave rectifier. However it also uses more number of diodes.

COMMENTS
Comments about each parameter of Single phase half wave uncontrolled rectifier…
Comments about load calculation
Comments about power electronics components testing and safety protection