Ex. No.

: Date:
Realization of single phase full-wave rectifier
OBJECTIVE
To study and understand the voltage waveforms of a full wave rectifier

THEORY
A rectifier is an electronic device that converts alternating current (AC) that
periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC) which flows in only one direction.
The process is known as rectification. Physically, rectifiers take a number of forms,
including vacuum tube diodes, mercury-arc valves, copper and selenium oxide
rectifiers, semiconductor diodes, silicon-controlled rectifiers and other silicon-based
semiconductor switches.
In half wave rectification of a single-phase supply, either the positive or negative
half of the AC wave is passed, while the other half is blocked. Because only one half of
the input waveform reaches the output, mean voltage is lower. Half-wave rectification
requires a single diode in a single-phase supply, or three in a three-phase supply.
A full-wave rectifier converts the whole of the input waveform to one of constant
polarity (positive or negative) at its output. Full-wave rectification converts both
polarities of the input waveform to pulsating DC (direct current) and yields a higher
average output voltage. Two diodes and a center tapped transformer, or four diodes in
a bridge configuration and any AC source (including a transformer without center tap)
are needed.
Rectifiers yield a unidirectional but pulsating direct current. Filters are used to
overcome this drawback

FORMULAE
Half Wave Rectifier Full Wave Rectifier
Vac = Vm/2 Vac = Vm/√2
Vdc = Vm/π Vdc = 2Vm/ π
Idc = Vm/πRL Idc = 2Vm/πRL
Iac = Vm/2RL Iac = Vm/√2RL
Pdc = Vdc2/RL Pdc = Vdc2/RL
Pac = Vac2/RL Pac = Vac2/RL
Ripple factor γ = √[(Vac/Vdc)2 – 1]
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Full wave rectifier

Bridge rectifier
MODEL GRAPH:

Waveforms of the half-wave rectifier Waveforms of the full-wave/bridge rectifier

S.
Name of the component Range/Specification Quantity
No
1. LTspice - -
SIMULATION PROCEDURE
OBSERVATION

Full-wave rectifier
Maximum Average AC Ripple Rectification
TON TOFF Pdc Pac
voltage, voltage, voltage, factor, Efficiency
ms ms Watts Watts
Vm, V Vav, V Vac, V γ ηrec

RESULT:
(i) The voltage waveforms of a full wave rectifier are observed in LTspice
simulation and various performance parameters are calculated.

INFERENCE: