Experiment – 4

Half Wave Rectifier

Pre– Lab Questions

1. What is rectifier?
Rectifier is a device that converts alternating current into direct current.which flows
on one direction..this process is known as rectifications as its “straighten” out the
direction of the current.

2. Define ripple factor of power supply.

It is defined as the ratio of RMS value of the AC component (ripple component) Irms
in the output waveform to the DC component VDC in the output waveform.

3. What are the disadvantages of half wave rectifier circuit?

Advantages of an half wave rectifiers are:-

1.Transformer utilization factor is low.

2.The DC output power produced from the half wave rectifier is not satisfactory to

make a general power supply

3.power output and rectification frequency is low

4. Define voltage regulation.

It is the change in the magnitude of receiving and sending voltage of the transformer.this is
the factor that defines the ability of the transformer to provide a constant voltage of
variable loads.

5. Explain why diode can be used as a rectifier.

Diode can be used as a rectifier because it only allows to conduct current in a uni
direction so it behaves as a half wave rectifier.(when the input signals goes negative
there will be no current flow).
 SRM IST. Kattankulathur – 603 203

Sub Code & Name: 18EES102L WORKSHOP LAB

Experiment No 04
Title of Experiment Design and Implementation of Half Wave Rectifiers using
simulation package and demonstrate its working
Name of the candidate GAUTAM KRISHNA
Register Number RA2011025010009

Date of Experiment 22 OCTOBER2020

Mark Split Up

S.No Description Maximum Mark Mark Obtained

1 Pre-Lab questions 5
2 Execution of experiment 15
3 Model Calculation /Evaluation 10
of Result Analysis
4 Post Lab questions 5
5 Online quiz/viva 5
Total 40

Staff Signature with date

Aim

To construct a Half wave rectifier using diode and to draw its performance
characteristics.
Apparatus Required:
S.No Particulars Type Range Quantity
1 Diode 1N4001 4
2 Resistor 100 to 10000Ω As per required
3 Capacitor 470µF 1
4 AC voltage source 4V, 50Hz 1
5 Voltage Measurement probe. 2
Software Required:
https://www.multisim.com/
Half wave rectifier
Theory
The process of converting an alternating current into direct current is known as
rectification. The unidirectional conduction property of semiconductor diodes (junction
diodes) is used for rectification. Rectifiers are of two types: (a) Half wave rectifier and (b)
Full wave rectifier.
In a half-wave rectifier circuit, during the positive half-cycle of the input, the diode is
forward biased and conducts. Current flows through the load and a voltage is developed
across it. During the negative half cycle, it is reverse bias and does not conduct. Therefore, in
the negative half cycle of the supply, no current flows in the load resistor as no voltage
appears across it. Thus the dc voltage across the load is sinusoidal for the first half cycle only
and a pure a.c. input signal is converted into a unidirectional pulsating output signal.
Another type of circuit that produces the same output as a full-wave rectifier is that of
the Bridge Rectifier. This type of single-phase rectifier uses 4 individual rectifying diodes
connected in a "bridged" configuration to produce the desired output but does not require a
special center tapped transformer, thereby reducing its size and cost. The single secondary
winding is connected to one side of the diode bridge network and the load to the other side.
The 4 diodes labeled D arranged in "series pairs" with only two diodes conducting current
during each half cycle. During the positive half cycle of the supply, diodes D1 and D2
conduct in se D3 and D4 are reverse biased and the current flows through the load as shown
below . During the negative half cycle of the supply, diodes D3 and D4 conduct in series, but
diodes D1 and D2 switch of as they are now reverse biased. The current flowing through the
load is the same direction as before.
Procedure:
Without Filter
I. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
II. Give 6 V, 50Hz Input to the circuit.
III. Measure the rectifier output across the Load and input voltage.

With Filter
I. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
II. Give 6 V, 50Hz Input to the circuit.
III. Connect the Capacitor across the load.
IV. Measure the rectifier output across the different load and input voltage

Circuit Diagram:

Half wave Rectifier – Without filter Half wave Rectifier – With filter

Model graph for half wave rectifier

Simulation waveform for without filter:

Simulation waveform for with filter:

Result:
Thus, the performance characteristics of single-phase Half wave rectifier were
obtained.
 Experiment - 4
Half Wave Rectifier

Post – Lab Questions

1. What are the important characteristics of a rectifier circuit?

1. efficiency

2. Peak inverse voltage

3. Ripple factor

4. TUF(transformer utilization factor)

2. What is meant by transformer utilization factor?

It is defined as the ratio of AC power delivered to the load and transformer secondary
AC rating. The TUF of half wave rectifiers is about 0.287.

3. Define Peak Inverse voltage.

A.
The maximum value of the reverse voltage that a PN junction or diode can
withstand without damaging itself is known as its Peak Inverse Voltage.

4. What is a bleeder resistor?

A.
A bleeder resistor is a resistor connected in parallel with the output of a high-voltage
power supply circuit for the purpose of discharging the electric charge stored in the
power supply's filter capacitors when the equipment is turned off, for safety reasons.

5. Define Rectifier efficiency.

A.
It is the ratio of DC power output to the AC power input of the rectifier. It is
usually denoted by η and expressed in percentage.