EDUCATION POLICY ASSIGNMENT

ASSIGNMENT ON THE COMPARISON OF

EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF STATES IN INDIA.

TITLE: ENROLMENT STATUS: NATION

STATE AND CWSN.

Submitted by: Apoorva Balakrishnan

Roll no. T2015BASW04

Submitted to: Mr. Manoj Joseph

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THE TALK OF THE NATION
The level of education in India mostly depends on the level of educational qualification provided in
the country and more than that on the people who avail those qualifications for further education who
on a later stage turn out to be our educators, our teachers and our professors.

India is country which is spread across an area of 3,287,240 sq. km. consisting of 680 districts with a
total of 594473 villages which holds 1445807 schools in total but the number has gone down since
2014 by 2,905. More than 15 crore students are recorded to be enrolled in elementary schools whether
private, government or schools in rural India.

The maximum number of enrolment are recorded in private schools as they provide more facility and
for the fact that the teachers there are more qualified as compared to a government school which has
more number of teachers.

The number of boys enrolled is elementary standards is consistently higher than that of girls. We can
see the data presented in the graph 1 that how the enrolment of girls goes on decreasing and how it
affects the total students in upper primary classes.

ENROLMENT STATISTICS
30000000

25000000

20000000

15000000

10000000

5000000

0
I II III IV V VI VII VIII

Boys Girls Total no. of students

Graph 1: national enrolment statistics

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COMPARISON OF STATES
So far we have seen the enrolment intensity of the country now let’s take a look at different states’
enrolment level. For the states I have chosen Chhattisgarh (CG) and Maharashtra (MH).

Chhattisgarh is a state located in central India spread across an area of 1, 35,191 sq. km. consisting of
27 districts which have 22173 villages in total and comprise of 53,299 schools in the entire state. The
states has a female literacy rate of 60.6 and male literacy rate of 81.5 and an inclusive literacy rate of
71.0.

Maharashtra is a state located in the western region of India with a total area of 3, 07,713 sq. km.
which make it’s the third largest state of the country consisting of 36 districts holding 43,662 villages
and comprising of 97,084 schools. The state has a female literacy rate of 75.5 and male literacy of
89.8 and overall literacy rate of 82.9.

As we can see from the graphical representation 2, Chhattisgarh has a lower count of students all
through the elementary schooling than Maharashtra. The ratio of girls to boys in the enrolment is
lower, not only that but the number of students enrolled is also very low in comparison to
Maharashtra. Where Maharashtra crosses 2 crore students in class I Chhattisgarh crosses 5 lakh
barely, the aggregate graph has a few up and down but not very deep or very high in case of
Maharashtra except for the students in VIII grade where the total goes below 2crore as we can see the
girls in that grade are much lesser than in the previous., possible reasons being economic conditions,
and restriction of girls’ education.

State wise enrolment statistics

2500000

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000

0
I II III IV V VI VII VIII

Boys CG Boys MH Girls CG

Girls MH TOTAL CG TOTAL MH

Graph 2: enrolment comparison between states

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In the case of Chhattisgarh the sex ratio does not have that much of difference and continues to be
almost the same all through the elementary classes but the total number of students enrolled is half of
boys enrolled in MH, this much of difference in student enrolment is mostly because of the size of
states as Chhattisgarh is comparatively smaller than Maharashtra another contributing factor is the
number of schools in both the states Maharashtra has 43,785 more schools than Chhattisgarh and also
the population of both the states vary excessively.

CWSN ENROLMENTS
CWSN stands for children with special needs, in this the special children who need more help to cope
with the studies and day to day routine are provided with more support and care. Special schools are
constructed and teachers with specialisation on how to help students are provided to the children. The
special children category consist of children who are blind, children with low vision, hearing
impairment, mental retardation, speech, loco-motor problems, cerebral palsy, autism, or multiple
disabilities.

The enrolment of such children is very difficult because many of the schools do not consider to have
them in the middle of the other students because they might not fit in as good as other or they can’t
cope up with the way of teaching as in regular schools a class consists of minimum 45-50 students
and the teacher won’t be able to pay attention to one particular child and not the rest.

Many parents don’t enrol their child with such disabilities thinking that they don’t need education to
survive but care and protection. Many parents who want to educate their child search for various
options like whether to home school, non-formal schooling, special schooling, integrated schooling or
inclusive schooling.

And after they have graduated their schooling from any of the types of schools listed above the
question again rises whether they should stop the education or continue further because maximum
institutes provide a separate quota for such students but then again its only 3% to 5%.

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 CWSN ENROLMENT
1800000
1600000
1400000
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000
0

I-V VI-VIII

Table 3: CWSN ENROLMENTS (ALL INDIA)

Maximum number of the children are troubled with hearing impairment in primary classes. About 2%
of total disabled children are blind, 8% with low vision, 6%speech problem, 10% loco motor, 12%
mentally retarded, and 4% of children with multiple disabilities.

CWSN enrolments( states)

40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0

I-V CG I-V MH
VI-VIII CG VI-VIII MH

Table 4: CWSN ENROLMENTS IN STATES

In the state of Chhattisgarh the children with disabilities in the primary classes of the state the
percentage of blind students are 2.8%, low vision 18%, hearing 13%, speech 9%, locomotion 21%,
mentally retarded 20%, cerebral palsy 2%, autism 0.79%, multiple 8.03% and in Maharashtra blind
students are 3.78%, low vision 21%, hearing 14%, speech 13%, locomotion12%, mentally retarded
25%, cerebral palsy 1.54%, autism 1.3%, multiple 5%.
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The statistics in Maharashtra are more than that of Chhattisgarh because of more number of students
in the state.

INFERENCE
We can see that the statistics of the states and the nation vary widely and have very different views.
On one hand we can see the whole nation’s statistics and we can see the dip in enrolments in upper
primary classes and an above average enrolment in primary classes. India is a country which is still in
its final stages of development and it needs more and more education spread across the country for
further development and to finally call it a developed nation. On the other we see two states and their
statistics which were brought in to compare.

To compare the stats I took two states which are very different in size of the population, in size of the
area of the state, and also in numbers of students. But if we look at the size of Chhattisgarh it is very
much clear that though a very young state and still under development it has shown a tremendous
amount of improvement in the area of education. There are so many schools existing and still more
are on its way. The state has recently brought in IIM a prestigious medical institute in the capital of
the state and in Maharashtra we can see that being the third biggest state of the country the numbers
are somewhat lesser than expected if we do not compare it to Chhattisgarh.

There are many ways by which the number of students’ enrolments can be increased. For starters we
can introduce new schemes and provide some support to the CWSN students. They do need more
attention and more nurturing during first few years but the accomplishment of making them self-
sufficient and independent would be worth of all the efforts we put in. it will be an accomplishment
not only for them but also the whole nation.

REFERENCES: http://dise.in/ (for data)

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