10/15/2020 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED VOLUME 738

G.R. No. 203583. Oc obe 13, 2014.*

LEONORA B. RIMANDO, pe i ione , . SPOUSES WINSTON

and ELENITA ALDABA and PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
e ponden .

C a La ; E C a L ab ;T
a a a ab :
(a) a a ba a ab b a a
; (b) a ab a a
;a ( ) ab a a
ba a a . A he
o e , he Co no e ha Rimando acq i al in he a a ca e doe no
nece a il ab ol e he f om an ci il liabili o p i a e complainan , Sp .
Aldaba. I i ell- e led ha he acq i al of he acc ed doe no
a oma icall p ecl de a j dgmen again him on he ci il a pec of he
ca e. The e inc ion of he penal ac ion doe no ca i h i he e inc ion
of he ci il liabili he e: (a) he acq i al i ba ed on ea onable do b a
onl p eponde ance of e idence i eq i ed; (b) he co decla e ha he
liabili of he acc ed i onl ci il; and ( ) he ci il liabili of he acc ed
doe no a i e f om o i no ba ed pon he c ime of hich he acc ed i
acq i ed. Ho e e , he ci il ac ion ba ed on delic ma be deemed
e ing i hed if he e i a nding on he nal j dgmen in he c iminal ac ion
ha he ac o omi ion f om hich he ci il liabili ma a i e did no e i
o he e he acc ed did no commi he ac o omi ion imp ed o him.
Sa ; Ba a Pa ba a B . 22; B C La ; E a a; W
a Ba a Pa ba a (BP) B . 22 a a a aa a a b
a a a , a a ,
, a ,a aa , ,a
a . E en iall , hile a BP 22 ca e and an a a ca e ma be
oo ed f om an iden ical e of fac , he ne e hele p e en diffe en
ca e of ac ion, hich, nde he la , a e con ide ed epa a e, di inc ,
and independen f om each o he . The efo e, bo h ca e can p oceed o
hei nal

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* FIRST DIVISION.

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adj dica ion bo h a o hei c iminal and ci il a pec bjec o

he p ohibi ion on do ble eco e . Pe fo ce, a ling in a BP 22 ca e
conce ning he c iminal and ci il liabili ie of he acc ed canno be gi en
an bea ing ha oe e in he c iminal and ci il a pec of a ela ed a a
ca e, a in hi in ance.

PETITION fo e ie on ce io a i of he deci ion and e ol ion of

he Co of Appeal .
The fac a e a ed in he opinion of he Co .
Y.F. B a A a La O fo pe i ione .
Ca & C a La O fo p i a e e ponden .

PERLAS-BERNABE, J.:

Befo e he Co i a pe i ion fo e ie on a 1 a ailing

he Deci ion2 da ed J l 25, 2012 and he Re ol ion3 da ed
Sep embe 25, 2012 of he Co of Appeal (CA) in C.A.-G.R. CV
No. 96528, hich af med he Deci ion4 da ed Oc obe 28, 2010 of
he Regional T ial Co of Manila, B anch 15 (RTC) in C iminal
Ca e No. 04-227211 acq i ing pe i ione Leono a B. Rimando
(Rimando) of he c ime of a a, b none hele , held he ci ill
liable o e ponden - po e Win on and Eleni a Aldaba (Sp .
Aldaba) in he amo n of P500,000.00.

The Fac

An Info ma ion da ed Jan a 21, 2004 a led befo e he RTC

cha ging Rimando of he c ime of a a h o gh he

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1 R , pp. 7-23.
2 I ., a pp. 77-92. Penned b A ocia e J ice Am C. La a o-Ja ie , ih
A ocia e J ice Ma i o P. P n alan-Ca illo and Vic o ia I abel A. Pa ede ,
conc ing.
3 I ., a p. 93.
4 I ., a pp. 26-43. Penned b Pai ing J dge Ca meli a S. Manahan.

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234 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

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e of fal e manife a ion and f a d len ep e en a ion ( a a

ca e).5 Acco ding o he p o ec ion, Rimando en iced Sp . Aldaba
o in e in he b ine nde he a ance ha i i able and ha
hei mone o ld ea n 8% mon hl in e e .6 Con inced b
Rimando p opo al and aking in o con ide a ion hei long
f iend hip, Sp . Aldaba ga e Rimando a check in he amo n of

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P500,000.00 a in e men in he b ine . In n, Rimando ga e

Sp . Aldaba h ee (3) po da ed check , one fo P500,000.00 and he
o he o (2) fo P40,000.00 each, and made hem ign an
in e men con ac i h M l i el In e na ional Holding Co po a ion
(M l i el). Upon ma i of he check , Sp . Aldaba a emp ed o
enca h he ame b e e di hono ed fo being d a n again
7
in f cien f nd . Thi p omp ed Sp . Aldaba o demand Rimando
o make good he aid check , b o no a ail. Hence, he ee
8
con ained o le a c iminal complain fo a a again he .
In he defen e, Rimando denied he f iend hip i h Sp . Aldaba
and ha he en iced hem o in e in he o n b ine , a he had
none. Acco ding o he , he onl efe ed hem o M l i el
9
In e men Manage Jaimel n Ca aban ho handled hei
in e men .10 She al o main ained ha he onl i ed he h ee (3)
po da ed check o accommoda e hem hile ai ing fo he check
f om M l i el, b hen he la e i ed he check, Sp . Aldaba
ef ed o accep i o he can be held liable in ca e hei in e men
fail .11

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5 I ., a pp. 78-79.
6 I ., a pp. 79-80, 28-32.
7 I .
8 I ., a p. 11.
9 Ja mil n in ome pa of he eco d.
10 R , pp. 33-34.
11 I ., a pp. 33-34, 35-36.

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Mean hile, Sp . Aldaba al o led a c iminal ca e again

Rimando fo iola ion of Ba a Pa ba a B a (BP) 2212 befo e
he Me opoli an T ial Co of Manila, B anch VI, docke ed a
C im. Ca e No . 407191-193 (BP 22 ca e ).13 On J l 7, 2010,
Rimando a acq i ed14 in he BP 22 ca e on he g o nd of
ea onable do b , i h a decla a ion ha he ac o omi ion f om
hich liabili ma a i e doe no e i .

The RTC R li g

In a Deci ion15 da ed Oc obe 28, 2010, he RTC acq i ed

Rimando of he c ime of a a, b fo nd he ci ill liable o Sp .
Aldaba in he amo n of P500,000.00. I fo nd he ab ence of he
elemen of decei a Sp . Aldaba e e f ll a a e ha he o ld
be in e ing hei mone in M l i el and no in Rimando p po ed
b ine . Ne e hele , he RTC led ha a an accommoda ion
pa o one of he check he i ed o Sp . Aldaba on behalf of

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M l i el, Rimando ho ld be held liable o Sp . Aldaba fo he

co e ponding amo n of P500,000.00.16
Agg ie ed, Rimando appealed o he CA. In he Appellan
B ief17 da ed Oc obe 29, 2011, he con ended ha he acq i al and
e one a ion f om he ci il liabili in he BP 22 ca e ho ld ha e
ba ed Sp . Aldaba f om claiming ci il liabili f om he in he
a a ca e.18

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12 En i led An Ac Penali ing he Making o D a ing and I ance of a Check

Wi ho S f cien F nd o C edi and fo O he P po e .
13 See R , p. 112.
14 S MeTC Deci ion; ., a pp. 112-129.
15 I ., a pp. 26-43.
16 I ., a pp. 42-43.
17 I ., a pp. 44-53.
18 I ., a pp. 50-52.

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236 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

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The CA R li g

In a Deci ion19 da ed J l 25, 2012, he CA af med he RTC

R ling. I held ha a p o ec ion fo iola ion of BP 22 i di inc ,
epa a e, and independen f om a p o ec ion fo a a, albei he
ma bo h in ol e he ame pa ie and an ac ion. A ch,
Rimando acq i al and b eq en e one a ion f om ci il liabili
in he BP 22 ca e doe no a oma icall ab ol e he f om ci il
liabili in he a a ca e.20
Rimando mo ed fo econ ide a ion, hich a , ho e e , denied
in a Re ol ion21 da ed Sep embe 25, 2012, hence, hi pe i ion.

The I e Bef e he C

The p imo dial i e fo he Co e ol ion i he he o no

he CA co ec l pheld Rimando ci il liabili in he a a ca e
de pi e he acq i al and e one a ion f om ci il liabili in he BP 22
ca e .

The C R li g

The pe i ion i i ho me i .
A he o e , he Co no e ha Rimando acq i al in he
a a ca e doe no nece a il ab ol e he f om an ci il liabili
o p i a e complainan , Sp . Aldaba. I i ell- e led ha he
acq i al of he acc ed doe no a oma icall p ecl de a j dgmen
again him on he ci il a pec of he ca e. The e inc ion of he

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penal ac ion doe no ca i h i he e inc ion of he ci il liabili

he e: (a) he acq i al i ba ed on ea onable do b a onl
p eponde ance of

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19 I ., a pp. 77-92.
20 I ., a p. 89.
21 I ., a p. 93.

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e idence i eq i ed; (b) he co decla e ha he liabili of he

acc ed i onl ci il; and ( ) he ci il liabili of he acc ed doe
no a i e f om o i no ba ed pon he c ime of hich he acc ed i
acq i ed. Ho e e , he ci il ac ion ba ed on delic ma be deemed
e ing i hed if he e i a nding on he nal j dgmen in he
c iminal ac ion ha he ac o omi ion f om hich he ci il liabili
ma a i e did no e i o he e he acc ed did no commi he ac
o omi ion imp ed o him. 22
In hi ca e, Rimando ci il liabili did no a i e f om an
p po ed ac con i ing he c ime of a a a he RTC clea l
fo nd ha Rimando ne e emplo ed an decei on Sp . Aldaba o
ind ce hem o in e mone in M l i el. Ra he , he ci il liabili
a co ec l aced f om being an accommoda ion pa o one of
he check he i ed o Sp . Aldaba on behalf of M l i el. In
lending he name o M l i el, he, in effec , ac ed a a e o he
la e , and a ch, he ma be held di ec l liable fo he al e of
he i ed check.23 Ve il , Rimando ci il liabili o Sp . Aldaba in
he amo n of P500,000.00 doe no a i e f om o i no ba ed pon
he c ime he i cha ged i h, and hence, he CA co ec l pheld
he ame de pi e he acq i al in he a a ca e.

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22 Da a .S , 597 Phil. 127, 141; 577 SCRA 134, 148 (2009).

23 The ela ion be een an accommoda ion pa and he pa accommoda ed
i , in effec , one of p incipal and e he accommoda ion pa being he e .
I i a e led le ha a e i bo nd eq all and ab ol el i h he p incipal and
i deemed an o iginal p omi o and deb o f om he beginning. The liabili i
immedia e and di ec . I i no a alid defen e ha he accommoda ion pa did no
ecei e an al able con ide a ion hen he e ec ed he in men ; no i i co ec
o a ha he holde fo al e i no a holde in d e co e me el beca e a he
ime he acq i ed he in men , he kne ha he indo e a onl an
accommoda ion pa . (A b . Sa a, G.R. No. 185945, Decembe 5, 2012, 687
SCRA 283, 297-298; ci a ion omi ed)

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In hi ela ion, he CA i al o co ec in holding ha Rimando

acq i al and b eq en e one a ion in he BP 22 ca e had no
effec in he a a ca e, e en if bo h ca e e e fo nded on he
ame fac al ci c m ance . In N a . J Da ,24 he
Co laid do n he f ndamen al diffe ence be een BP 22 and
a a, o i :

Wha pe i ione failed o men ion in hi a g men i he fac ha decei

and damage a e e en ial elemen in A icle 315(2-d) Re i ed Penal Code,
b ae eq i ed in Ba a Pa ba a B a 22. Unde he la e la ,
me e i ance of a check ha i di hono ed gi e i e o he p e mp ion of
kno ledge on he pa of he d a e ha he i ed he ame i ho
f cien f nd and hence p ni hable hich i no o nde he Penal Code.
O he diffe ence be een he o al o incl de he follo ing: (1) a d a e
of a di hono ed check ma be con ic ed nde Ba a Pa ba a B a 22
e en if he had i ed he ame fo a obliga ion, hile nde
A icle 315(2-d) of he Re i ed Penal Code, ch ci c m ance nega e
c iminal liabili ; (2) peci c and diffe en penal ie a e impo ed in each of
he o offen e ; (3) a a i e en iall a c ime again p ope , hile
iola ion of Ba a Pa ba a B a 22 i p incipall a c ime again p blic
in e e a i doe inj o he en i e banking em; (4) iola ion of
A icle 315 of he Re i ed Penal Code a e a a , hile ho e of Ba a
Pa ba a B a 22 a e a a b a.25

26
O ing o ch diffe ence , j i p dence in P . R
e en in c ha he im l aneo ling of BP 22 and a a ca e
do no amo n o do ble jeopa d :

While he ling of he o e of Info ma ion nde he p o i ion of

Ba a Pa ba a B a 22 and n-

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24 260 Phil 6; 181 SCRA 1 (1990).

25 I ., a pp. 10-11; p. 5; ci a ion omi ed.
26 G.R. No . 101127-31, No embe 18, 1993, 228 SCRA 13.

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de he p o i ion of he Re i ed Penal Code, a amended, on a a, ma

efe o iden ical ac commi ed b he pe i ione , he p o ec ion he eof
canno be limi ed o one offen e, beca e a ingle c iminal ac ma gi e i e
o a m l iplici of offen e and he e he e i a iance o diffe ence
be een he elemen of an offen e i one la and ano he la a in he ca e

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a ba he e ill be no do ble jeopa d beca e ha he le on do ble

jeopa d p ohibi efe o iden i of elemen in he o (2) offen e .
O he i e a ed, p o ec ion fo he ame ac i no p ohibi ed. Wha i
fo bidden i p o ec ion fo he ame offen e. Hence, he me e ling of he
o (2) e of info ma ion doe no i elf gi e i e o do ble jeopa d .27

E en iall , hile a BP 22 ca e and an a a ca e ma be oo ed

f om an iden ical e of fac , he ne e hele p e en diffe en
ca e of ac ion, hich, nde he la , a e con ide ed epa a e,
di inc , and independen f om each o he . The efo e, bo h ca e
can p oceed o hei nal adj dica ion bo h a o hei c iminal
and ci il a pec bjec o he p ohibi ion on do ble eco e .28
Pe fo ce, a ling in a BP 22 ca e conce ning he c iminal and ci il
liabili ie of he acc ed canno be gi en an bea ing ha oe e in
he c iminal and ci il a pec of a ela ed a a ca e, a in hi
in ance.
WHEREFORE, he pe i ion i DENIED. Acco dingl , he
Deci ion da ed J l 25, 2012 and he Re ol ion da ed Sep embe
25, 2012 of he Co of Appeal in C.A.-G.R. CV No. 96528 a e
he eb AFFIRMED.
SO ORDERED.

S (CJ., C a ), L a -D Ca ,B a and
P , JJ., conc .

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27 I ., a pp. 17-18; ci a ion omi ed.

28 See L .K C P , G.R. No. 175256, A g 23, 2012, 679 SCRA 114,
131.

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240 SUPREME COURT REPORTS ANNOTATED

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P , a a .

No es. The e i no independen ci il ac ion o eco e he al e

of a bo ncing check i ed in con a en ion of Ba a Pa ba a B .
22; The c iminal ac ion fo iola ion of Ba a Pa ba a B . 22
hall be deemed o incl de he co e ponding ci il ac ion; No
e e a ion o le ch ci il ac ion epa a el hall be allo ed.
(H E a S . C a , 644 SCRA 13 [2011])
The ecogni ion of a fo eign j dgmen n llif ing a bigamo
ma iage i no a g o nd fo e inc ion of c iminal liabili nde
A icle 89 and 94 of he Re i ed Penal Code. (F . Ma a ,
700 SCRA 69 [2013])
o0o

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C gh 2020 Ce a B S , I c. A gh e e ed.

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