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We have previously built the Fire Alarm using Thermistor (http://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/ re-alarm-project) and Fire Alarm System using AVR
Microcontroller (http://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/ re-alarm-system-using-avr-atmega8-microcontroller). Today we are building very
simple Temperature Sensor Circuit or Heat Sensor Circuit. This circuit uses very few and basic components which can be easily available, anyone can
build it right away. This Heat Sensor is not only simple but also effective; you can try it at home.
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https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/heat-sensor 1/14
11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
Here Transistor BC547 is used as a Heat Sensor. As the temperature of PN junction increase, transistor starts conducting to some extent. This
‘temperature’ property of transistor is used here to use it as a heat sensor.
Diode 1N4148 and variable resister of 1k ohm are used here to set a reference or threshold level for the sensitivity of heat. And the sensitivity of the circuit
can be adjusted by rotating the knob.
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Working of the circuit is simple, when there is heat or increase in temperature to the level where it crosses the threshold set by Pot, Then the collector
current increase and LED starts illuminating slowly. We can also use Buzzer in place to LED. You also note that, before start testing the circuit, rst set the
Variable Resistor. When you rotate it completely in one direction, LED will be Off, and when you rotate it completely in other direction, LED will glow with
full illumination. So set the Pot at the position, where a slight rotation will start a dim illumination in LED.
The temperature dependency of PN junctions in transistor can be understood by the formulae presented here
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_bandgap_temperature_sensor). Base-Emitter voltage (VBE) drops approx. -2.5 mV/°C, negative sign indicates the
Drop or decrease of voltage across B and E.
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A NPN transistor much acts like a diode if we short the Base (B) and collector (C) of Transistor. In that case B-C acts as Positive terminal and Emitter (E)
acts as negative terminal. And if we keep the voltage source constant, then the voltage across the transistor becomes the function of the temperature. For
PNP transistor E will be positive terminal and B-C will be negative. Hence by shorting the B and C, we can use transistor as Temperature Detector. Below is
the NPN transistor BC547 Pin con guration:
https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/heat-sensor 2/14
11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
Operating temperature of Transistor BC547 is up to 150 degree C, so it can be perfectly used at high temperature as a Heat Sensor. And we can also make
a Fire Alarm out of it.
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11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
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COMMENTS
k venkatesh
Sep 06, 2016
the project was nice and the cost is less it will be useful to the students
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abhishek
Oct 30, 2016
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11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
Abhishek (/users/abhishek)
Dec 01, 2016
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Try adjusting the variable resistor (Pot)
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Nan Hee
Jan 18, 2017
can i get the list of the components? please.for our project purpose..
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adam Mohamed
Feb 21, 2017
It was a nice and simple project. Such basic projects teaches alot.
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arar
Mar 07, 2017
can I get that list of components please for project purpose..thank you
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megha
Mar 20, 2017
nice project
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Manasa
Mar 31, 2017
Evan (/users/evan)
May 03, 2017
(/users/evan)
Great work! Is it possible to sent me the list of components you used so that I can be possible to build it for my
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school project? It would be grateful if you can! Thanks! :)
Mehran
Jun 02, 2017
Great work! Is it possible to sent me the list of components you used so that I can be possible to build it for my school project?
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It would be grateful if you can! Thanks! :)
kwabena reuben
Sep 30, 2017
where is the base of the transistor connecting? resistors got only two wires.
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Majora John
Oct 03, 2017
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11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
is it possible to use any transistor as our heat sensor except the one you mentioned above
cogent laban
Dec 19, 2017
Odokonyero Jackson
Feb 06, 2018
zenithmarvelous
Feb 07, 2018
i really thanks the engrs, cuz u ar doing a great job here.... but can i order for ur packages?
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sibin
Feb 19, 2018
Hi i liked your project it is simple and good.I am thinking Instead of light why cannot we use piezotwitter
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vibhavith
Mar 03, 2018
is there any way to power up this circuit using a laptop by connecting a USB. urgent please reply.
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Arnab Biswas
Apr 06, 2018
Sven
May 13, 2018
The picture of the transistor shows "B, C, D", but I think the author means "B, C, E".
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11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
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Elly
Aug 08, 2018
Can i get the list of components please? Really need it a.s.a.p for my lab project purpose..
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11/28/2018 Simple Heat Sensor or Temperature Sensor Circuit Diagram
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