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Date:

I. The U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) reports that twelve (12) people in the
United States have died as a result of Bubonic Plague over the 19-year period from
2000 through 2018. If deaths linked to Bubonic Plague are taken to occur randomly and
at the same rate as in this nineteen-year reference period determine the ff:

a. What is the probability that three years will pass without a death linked to Bubonic
Plague occurring in the United States?

This is called Poisson Distribution.

e−δt ( δt ) x
p ( x ; δt ) =
x!
Hence;

3∗12 0
−3∗12

0,3∗12
e 19
( 19)
p ( 19 )=
0!
=0.15

b. What is the probability that a death linked to Bubonic Plague will occur at sometime
within the coming 5 years in the United States?

5∗12 1
−5∗12

5∗12
e 19
( 19 )
p 1,( 19 )
=
1!
=0.1 3

II. YouTube News Channel subscribers.

a. P(I/Y) = 0.42, then the percentage is 42%
b. P(I/Y’) = 0.36, the percentage that hardly or never have been to Youtube News
but have subscribed to independent channels is 36%.
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III.

N=38
r=5
a. The total number of combinations possible is 38C5=501942
Compute for the ways you get 3 out of 5.
This means you choose 3 out of 5 of the winning numbers: 5C3
This means you choose 2 out the 38-5=33 of the losing numbers: 33C2
(5 C 3)(33 C 2)
P ( 3 out of 5 )= =0.0105
38 C 5

Compute for the ways you get 4 out of 5

This means you choose 4 out of 5 of the winning numbers: 5C4
This means you choose 1 out the 38-5=33 of the losing numbers: 33C1
( 5 C 4 )( 33 C 1 )
P ( 4 out of 5 )= =0.0003287
38 C 5

The P ( 3∨4 ) =P ( 3 out of 5 )+ P ( 4 out of 5 ) =0.0105+0.0003287

P ( 3∨4 ) =0.011

b.

N 38
r 5
Total Combinations 501942
Net
out Bet Prize Prize Frequency
of 5 ($) ($) (x) Number of ways formula (Number of ways) P(x) xP(x)
0 or Total Combinations
1 -1 0 -1 minus Sum(F6:F9) 441936 0.880452 -0.88045
2 -1 1 0 (5C2)(33C3) 54560 0.108698 0
3 -1 5 4 (5C3)(33C2) 5280 0.010519 0.042077
4 -1 300 299 (5C4)(33C1) 165 0.000329 0.098288
5 -1 100000 99999 (5C5)(33C0) 1 1.99E-06 0.199224
          501942 1 -0.54086
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Expected Value -0.54

IV.
In its December 2019 report, the Investment Company Institute stated that 19% of
American households owned a Roth IRA. Traditional IRAs were owned by 28% of
households. Forty-six percent (46%) of the households that own a traditional IRA also
own a Roth IRA. Given: 19% - Roth IRA (R); 28%- Traditional (T) ; 46% of P with Trad
IRA has Roth IRA

a. P ( R ∩T )=0.46∗0.28=0.13
b. P ( R ' ∩ T ' ) =1−0.1288−( 0.19−0.1288 )−( 0.28−0.1288 )=0.6588=0.66
T
c. P ( )
R
=P ( R ∩T )=0.46∗0.28=0.13

d. No .that ¿
e. It is statistically independent. The joint probability of both having T and R can be
factored out easily without due relationship from the occurrence of each other.

V. Jimmy T, the summer intern at Luxe Limited, an auto detailing service, counted and
recorded the coins he found in the second car he serviced on Tuesday for each week of
his summer internship. The data is shown for his sample of 13 cars in the table below.

a. b. c. d. e. f. Total
Amou
nt Per
Car,
C
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g. h. i. j. k. l. 117
m. n. o. p. q. r. 195
v.
s. t. u. w.
x. 311
z.
y. aa. bb. cc.
dd. 218
ee. ff. gg. hh. ii. jj. 61
mm. oo.
kk. ll. nn.
14 pp. 424
ss.
qq. rr. tt. uu.
vv. 328
ww. zz. aaa. bbb.
xx. yy.
376
ccc. ddd. eee. fff. ggg. hhh.
12 362
iii. kkk. mmm. nnn.
jjj. lll.
50
ooo. ppp. qqq. sss.
rrr.
11 ttt. 340
uuu. vvv. www. xxx. yyy. zzz.
12 181
aaaa. bbbb. cccc. dddd. eeee. ffff.
13 11 336
gggg.
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For Boxplot
application:
XMin 50 50
Q1 181 131
Median 311 130
Q3 340 29
Max 424 84

hhhh. iiii. jjjj. kkkk. %

Fre F % Cumulative
R Relative
el Frequency
at
iv
e
Fr
eq
ue
nc
y

llll. mmmm. nnnn. oooo. 23

6 23
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pppp. qqqq. rrrr. ssss. 45

5€ 6 23

tttt. uuuu. vvvv. wwww. 73

8 28

xxxx. yyyy. zzzz. aaaaa. 100

25€ 8 27

bbbbb.

ccccc. How far in terms of standard deviation the total value of car 10 from the
mean.

Using Excel, the mean value of coins for the 13 cars is € 253.77.

The mean standard deviation is € 822.62

Total Value, € 3299

Mean, € 253.77
Standard Deviation, € 822.62

Hence, in terms of the standard deviation, the deviation from the mean for car 10
is;

50−253.77
Deviation=
822.62

Deviation=−0.25

Therefore, it is 0.25 standard deviation below from the mean.

VI. The Department of Public Safety is considering a proposal to alter the timing for the
pedestrian crossings in a busy downtown intersection. More specifically, the proposal
calls for an exclusive pedestrian phasing, a “pedestrian scramble”, in which traffic is
stopped on all approaches and pedestrians may cross in any direction including
diagonally. Preliminary testing has indicated that diagonal pedestrian crossing times are
approximately normally distributed with mean of 18 seconds and standard deviation of
1.5 seconds. Based on this data:
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a. What percentage of pedestrians would be expected to be able to cross the

intersection diagonally in 15 seconds or less?
x−μ
z=
σ
15−18
z= =−2
1.5
Using the Standard Normal Distribution Table:

P ( Z ←2 )=0.0228
P ( x ≤ 15 )=0.023
b. Between 15 and 20 sec:
x−μ
z=
σ
20−18
z= =1.33
1.5
Using the Standard Normal Distribution Table:

P( Z< 1.33)=0.9082

P (−2<Z <1.33 ) =0.9082−0.0228=0.8854

c. For 99.5% of pedestrians to cross:

The 99.5% is the area to the left of the curve.
x−18
0.995=
1.5
x=19.4925
time=19.50 sec

VII. June 2020 Gallup Survey. The Department of Public Safety is considering a proposal to
alter the timing for the pedestrian crossings in a busy downtown intersection. More
specifically, the proposal calls for an exclusive pedestrian phasing, a “pedestrian
scramble”, in which traffic is stopped on all approaches and pedestrians may cross in any
direction including diagonally. Preliminary testing has indicated that diagonal pedestrian
crossing times are approximately normally distributed with mean of 18 seconds and
standard deviation of 1.5 seconds. Based on this data:

a. Based on this data, what percentage of survey respondents saying they own stock
earns less than $40,000 annually?
Given that there are 540 respondents for income bracket of <$40,000. The number
of household stockowner is;
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No. of Household = 0.22*(540) = 119

b. Contingency table is as shown below:

Bracket WITH Stocks WITHOUT Stocks Total

> $100,000 421 80 501
$40,000-$99,999 498 268 766
< $40,000 119 421 540
Total 1038 769 1807

VIII. For the Reuters Institute Digital News Report for 2020, respondents in various countries
were asked whether they had ever actively tried to access news content behind a paywall.
Based on the Reuters information for respondents in the USA, if a small random sample
of 15 people were selected from the USA, what is the probability that the number of
people using someone else’s login credentials to access news behind a paywall will be
between.

For US, P(Someone else’s login)= 0.08

N= 15;
We can use the binomial Probability Distribution to test;

P ( 1≤ x ≤ 3 )=P ( x=1 ) + P ( x=2 ) +( Px=3)

15!
P ( x=1 )= 0.081 0.9215−1 =0.3734
( 15−1 ) ! 1!
15!
P ( x=1 )= 0.081 0.9215−2=0.2273
( 15−2 ) ! 2!
15 !
P ( x=3 )= 0.083 0.9215−3 =0.0875
( 15−3 ) ! 3 !
Hence;

P ( 1≤ x ≤ 3 )=0.3734+0.2273+0.0875=0.6882

IX. For an October 2019 report, Google, in partnership with The Harris Poll, surveyed a
national sample of adults (aged 18+) living in the U.S. regarding behavior around
passwords and online security. Thirty-three percent of those surveyed reported using a
pet’s name.
For US, P(Uses Petname as Password)= 0.33*0.59=0.1947=0.20
N= 100
We can use the binomial Probability Distribution to test;
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45 30
P ( 35≤ x ≤ 45 )=∑ b ( x ; 100,0.1947 )−∑ b ( x ; 100,0.1947 )
0 0

Using the Table for Binomial Distribution;

P ( 35≤ x ≤ 45 )=1−0.994

P ( 35≤ x ≤ 45 )=0.006