Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 2
k 2 2
2.1)T 2
sec, m 20 gm 2
2
m T 2
k
2
m 2
20 197.4dynes/cm
k
2.2) m
2
k
m p1 m pkg 2
k
m pkg
m p1
2
kg kg
W pkg m pkg g 2 m p1 g W p1
2
2
50 32.2 12
Wpkg 2
10
44.4lb
2 3
keff 12 EI 3EI
2.3) Fig. 1.8 2
m mL2 mL2
keff 48 EI 3EI
Fig. 1.9 4
m mL2 mL2
The effect of clamping the roof is to increase the stiffness and, in doing so, double the natural frequency of
the structure.
k 6
2.4)
1.225rad/sec
m 4
A x02 v0 2 4 1.225
2 2 2
3.830m
v0 4
tan 1 1
tan 58.51
1.021rads
x0 1.225 2
-9-
A 1m,
rads
keq
Eal A
6.90 10 4.91
6
1.13 10 6
1.13 1011 dynes/cm
N/cm
L 30
k 1.13 1011
2380 rad/sec 378cps
m 2 104
20 5
2
2.7) mrG 2
I 500kg cm2
5 105 g cm2
1.25
4
R4
J 3.83cm4
2 2
kT
From Eq. (1.29):
JG
2.76 10 3.83 3.52 10
6
5
N cm/ rad 3.52 1010 dyne cm/ rad
L 30
kT 3.52 1010
265rad/sec
I 5 105
2.9) If we treat the fluid as incompressible, we may think of the confined fluid as an incompressible/inextensible
rod with vanishing bending stress. We may then recognize that the components of displacement, velocity,
and acceleration along the path of the fluid are uniform. That is, they are the same for each fluid particle.
Let us isolate a typical fluid element, (1) moving vertically and (2) moving horizontally, and draw the
kinetic diagrams for each. Hence,
Adp gA ds
s dm A dp s dm
-10-
A A A
0
Adp gA ds
0 s dm 0
(1b)
B B B
A
Adp gA ds
A s dm A
(1c)
0 0
0
A dp s dm
0
(1d)
0 A
Adding (1a)-(1d) and recognizing that A
0
gives
0 B B B
A dp A dp gA ds
s dm
0 A A A
A p0 p0 A pB pA gAl
ms (2)
B
where
m
dm
A
AL and L is the total given length of the manometer fluid. Let y measure the height
of manometer fluid above its equilibrium position. Then, since acceleration of all particles along the path is
the same, s y and further, l 2 y then substituting into (2):
2 gAy
ALy
2g
or y y
0
L
2g
Thus,
L
2.10)
k 400lb/in,
W 200lb
k 400
27.8 rad/sec
W g 200 32.2 12
2
T
0.226sec
27.8
v0
x(t ) x0 cos t
From Eq. (2.14 ): sin t
0
x(t ) 1 cos 27.8t sin 27.8t
27.8
-11-
13.9
tan
1
0.464 rads
27.8 1
t
0.0167 sec
12 EI 4 EI
k 3 3 3 4 400lb/in 1600lb/in
L L
k 1600
55.6 rad/sec
W g 200 32.2 12
2
T
0.113sec
55.6
m 0 mv
1 2mv2 v
2
1
2 1
v
4 EA 4 R 2 E
keq
L L
keq 4 R 2 E 2 R 2 E
2m 2mL mL
v0
x(t ) x0 cos t
sin t
v0 1
v v1 ml
x0 0,
2 1
2 R E mL
2 2 R 2 E
v1 ml 2 R 2 E
x(t ) sin t
2R 2 E mL
-12-
x0 1.01in,
v0 0
k 2.25 103
19.0 rad/sec
m 200 / 32.2
x0 0.447in,
v0 0
k 3220
22.8rad/sec
m 200 / 32.2
2.16) M G I G
lFbuoy sin
I G
I G lFbuoy 0
lFbuoy lmg
2
IG IG
2 2
2.17) T
g/L
gT 2 32.2 3
2
L 7.34 ft
4 2 4 2
2.18) M 0 I 0
rod
rbob mabob
3 2
sin cos ... 1 ... 1
3! 2!
ka 2 mgL ka 2 g
0
mL
2
mL2 L
-13-
sin 1
kT mgL
2
0
mL
g kT 2 2
1 T
L mgL g kT
1
L mgL
2.20) The solution follows that of Example 2.8, but with the moment of inertia now corresponding to a sphere
rather than a disk. Thus, I 52 mR 2
Rr
I mgr sin
0
r
Rr g
mr 2 mgr
0 or
0
7
5
r Leff
where Leff 7
5 R r 7
5 100 1.5 137.9cm
g 981
2.67 rad/sec
Leff 137.9
2 2 T
T
2.36sec trise 1.18sec
2.67 2
2.21) M 0 I : 2kR 2 I
2kR 2
0
I
k
2
m
-14-
k
(t ) 0 cos 2 t
m
I PR0 cos
0
1: I PR0 0 (1)
1: mx kx P (2)
Need x relation
I
(4) into (3) mR0 x kR0 x
0
R
0
kR0 2
I mR0 2
theta=0.01:0.01:3;
q=sin(theta/2);
m=q.*q;
Tbar=(2/pi)*ellipke(m);
plot(theta,Tbar)
-15-
1
(i) T 1.05, m)
( T 1.05
1.65
1 .05 2 2
0 0.873rad
1
(ii) T 1.01, m)
( T 1.01
1.59
1 .01 2 2
0 0.400 rad
k 6
1.225rad/sec
m 4
c 1
0.1020
2 m 2 1.225 4
0.1020 1.225 0.1250 rad/sec
A 2 1
4.020 m
1 0.1020
2
4
1.225 2 0.1020
1
tan
1.050 rad
1 0.1020
2
(b) 5 N sec/m,
c 1.225rad/sec
c 5
0.5100
2 m 2 1.225 4
0.5100 1.225 0.6248 rad/sec
-16-
A 2 1
5.368m
1 0.51
2
4
1.225 2 0.51
1
tan
1.189 rad
1 0.51
2
(c) 10 N sec/m,
c 1.225rad/sec
c 10
1 (critical damping)
2 m 2 1.225 4
-17-
c 2
0.3536
2 m 2 2 2
d 1 2 1.323rad/sec
0.500 rad/sec
2 x 1
A x0 1 0 1.069 m
1 2 1 2
1 0.3536
2
1 0.3536
tan 1 tan 0.3614 rad
1 1 0.3536
2 2
(b) c
8 N sec/m,
2
1.414rad/sec
c 8
1.414 1 (overdamped system)
2 m 2 2 2
2
2
z
2
1 1 1
2 rad/sec
-18-
kx cx R I G mxR (1)
1
x R ,
x R ,
x R x (2)
R
1
I G mR 2 x
kx cx R
R
1 1
(2) into (1) mR 2 mR 2 x
R 2
32 mRx
Thus, x 32 mc x 32 mk x
0 or x 2 x 2 x
0
2k 2 8
where 0.7454 rad/sec
3m 3 12
2 c c 8
2 0.2981
3m 3 m 3 0.7454 12
2.28) M 0 I 0
rod
rcyl macyl
c k g
Thus, T 2
0
m mL L
kT g
2
2
mL L
c c c
2
m 2 m kT g
2m
mL2 L
kT g c2
d 1 2
mL2 L 4m 2
-19-
2 2 2
2 Td T
d 1
1 d
1 2 2
1
2 T Td
2 2
T 2.6
1 1
0.50
T
d 3
1 x 1 1
From Eq. (2.89),
ln 1
ln
0.7675
n xn 1 3 0.1
0.7675
0.1213
4 2 0.7675
2
L
2.30) M 0 I :
kT cl 2 W cos
2
I
cos 1 for 1
cl k
2
WL
T
I I 2I
or
cl 2 k WL
T
0 where (t ) (t ) static (t )
I I 2kT
mL2 14 Lh 1 13 mL2
2
I 1
mh 2 13 mL2 1
12 3
3
1 1 48 2 7
I AL3
3 g 3
340.9slug ft 2
32.2
W
AL 48 2 7 672 lb
kT 13.45 103
= 39.45 rad/sec
I 340.9
1 1
ln 0.7824
5 0.02
0.7824
0.1236
4 2 2 4 2 0.7824
2
-20-
a cos c a sin ka sin L mg sin L mL
2
2
cos 2 1 ... 1
2!
3 2
sin cos ... 1 ... 1
3! 2!
mL2 ca 2 ka 2 mgL 0
ca 2 ka 2 g
2 0
mL2 mL L
ka 2 g
mL2 L
2
ca 2 L ka 2 g
2 c 2 m
mL2 a mL2 L
2
L ka 2 g
ccr c
2m
1
a mL2 L
2.33) M 0 I : ca 2 kT I
ca 2 k
T
0
I I
ml 2 14 hl 1 13 ml 2
2
I 1
mh 2 13 ml 2 1
12 3
kT I
2 c 2 I / a 2
ca 2 / I
2 I 2l kT m
ccr c
1
a2 a2 3
-21-
1
Eq.
(2.100): ta 1.290sec
4 / 2 1.225
1 1
Eq. (2.101): tos ta 1.290 2.106sec
1.225
Eq. (2.102):
x t 1 2
e
1.2251.290 1
0 e a
xos 0.09588 m
ta 1.225 1.290
2
2.35) 1
1.414 1
1
Eq.
(2.100): ta 1.706sec
2 / 1 1.414
1 1
Eq. (2.101): tos ta 1.706 2.413sec
1.414
Eq. (2.102):
x t 1 1
e
1.414 1.706 1
0 e a
xos 0.01367 m
ta 1.414 1.706
2.36) m k 6 N/m,
4 kg, s
k 0.1, x
0 2 m, v
0 4 m/sec
k 6 2 2
1.225rad/sec ,
T 5.130sec
m 4 1.225
mg 4 9.81
f
k 0.1 0.6540 m
k 6
1 2
ncr 1 1.029 nstick 2
2 0.6540
2 5.13
tstick t2 5.130sec
2
-22-
s 0.12
1.2
k 0.10
mg 2 9.81
Eq. (2.116): f 4 k 4 0.10
4 1.962 m
k 4
k 4
2 1.414 rad/sec
m 2
x2
x1
k mg x2 x1
1
2
k x2 x1 x2 x1
k mg 1
2
k x2 x1
1
2
k Ac A1
12 k A1 Ac
12 k
2
mg
4 k
k
-23-
002x001.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x002.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x003.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x004.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure 2.5 Mass-spring system: (a) in horizontal equilibrium, (b) vertical configuration with spring unstretched, (c)
vertical equilibrium configuration and generic position of mass in motion.
002x005.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x006.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x007.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x008.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x009.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x010.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure 2.11 Potential energy of the simple pendulum as a function of angular displacement.
002x011.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x012.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x013.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x014.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x015.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x016.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x017.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x018.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure 2.19 Equilibrium of block on rough surface: (a) block under applied load, (b) free-body diagram.
002x019.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x020.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
002x021.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure 2.22 Response history of system with Coulomb damping from onset to cessation of motion.
002x022.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x001.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x002.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x003a.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x003b.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x003c.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure E2.5 Elastic beam with suspended mass: (a) physical system, (b) representation of compound system with beam
as equivalent 1 d.o.f. system, (c) equivalent system for beam and spring combination.
0E2x005.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x006a.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x006b.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x006c.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x008a.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x008b.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x009a.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x009b.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x009c.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure E2.11
0E2x011.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x015a.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x015b.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
0E2x015c.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.6
0P2x006.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.7
0P2x007.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.8
0P2x008.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.9
0P2x009.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.13
0P2x013.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.16
0P2x016.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.18
0P2x018.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.19
0P2x019.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.20
0P2x020.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.21
0P2x021.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.23
0P2x023.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.27
0P2x027.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.28
0P2x028.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.29
0P2x029.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.30
0P2x030.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.31
0P2x031.eps
Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure P2.33
0P2x033.eps