Solutions Manual Engineering Vibrations 2nd Edition Bottega PDF

Chapter 2
2 2
k  2   2 
2.1)T 2
sec, m 20 gm   2     
2
m  T   2 
k 
2
m  2 
20 197.4dynes/cm
k
2.2) m
2
k
m p1  m pkg 2

k
m pkg
  m p1
2
kg kg
W pkg m pkg g  2  m p1 g   W p1
  2 
2
50  32.2 12 
Wpkg  2
 10 
44.4lb
 2  3 
keff 12 EI 3EI
2.3) Fig. 1.8    2
m mL2 mL2
keff 48 EI 3EI
Fig. 1.9    4
m mL2 mL2
The effect of clamping the roof is to increase the stiffness and, in doing so, double the natural frequency of
the structure.
k 6
2.4) 
   1.225rad/sec
m 4
From Eq. (2.16):
A x02   v0    2   4 1.225 
2 2 2
3.830m
From Eq. (2.17):
 v0   4 
  tan 1  1
  tan    58.51
  1.021rads
  x0   1.225  2  
From Eq. (2.15): x(t ) 3.830cos 1.225t  1.021 meters
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k 4
2.5) 
   2 rad/sec
m 2
A 1m,
   rads
From Eq. (2.14): x(t ) 

cos  
2t   
 cos  2t  meters
R2  1.25  4.91cm2 , E
2
2.6) A 
  al 6.90 106 N/cm2 , m 20kg 2 104 g
keq

Eal A

 6.90 10   4.91 
6
1.13 10 6
1.13 1011 dynes/cm
N/cm 
L 30
k 1.13  1011

   2380 rad/sec  378cps
m 2  104
20 5 
2
2.7) mrG 2 
I  500kg  cm2 
5 105 g  cm2
 1.25
4
 R4
J   3.83cm4
2 2
kT
From Eq. (1.29): 
JG

 2.76 10  3.83 3.52 10
6
5
N cm/ rad 3.52 1010 dyne cm/ rad
L 30
kT 3.52 1010

   265rad/sec
I 5 105
2.9) If we treat the fluid as incompressible, we may think of the confined fluid as an incompressible/inextensible
rod with vanishing bending stress. We may then recognize that the components of displacement, velocity,
and acceleration along the path of the fluid are uniform. That is, they are the same for each fluid particle.
Let us isolate a typical fluid element, (1) moving vertically and (2) moving horizontally, and draw the
kinetic diagrams for each. Hence,
Adp   gA ds 
s dm A dp  s dm
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0 0 0
 A
Adp    gA ds 
A  s dm A
(1a)
A A A
0
0  s dm 0
(1b)
B B B
 A
A  s dm A
(1c)
0 0
0
A dp   s dm
0
(1d)
0 A
Adding (1a)-(1d) and recognizing that  A
 
0
gives
0 B B B
A dp  A dp    gA ds 
s  dm
0 A A A
A  p0  p0   A  pB  pA    gAl 
ms (2)
B
where
 m 
dm
A
 AL and L is the total given length of the manometer fluid. Let y measure the height
of manometer fluid above its equilibrium position. Then, since acceleration of all particles along the path is
the same, s  y and further, l  2 y then substituting into (2):
2 gAy 
 ALy
2g
or y y
0
L
2g
Thus, 
L
2.10)
 k 400lb/in,
 W 200lb
k 400
   27.8 rad/sec
W g 200 32.2 12
2
T
  0.226sec
27.8
v0
x(t ) x0 cos t 
From Eq. (2.14 ): sin t

0
x(t ) 1 cos 27.8t  sin 27.8t
27.8
x(t )  cos 27.8t inches
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2
2.11)x0 1in,
 v0 13.9in/sec,   27.8 rad/sec,
T  0.226sec
27.8
1  13.9 27.5

2 2
A  1.12in
 13.9 
 tan
 1
  0.464 rads
 27.8 1 
t 
  0.0167 sec
x(t ) 1.12cos  27.8t  0.464 inches
2.12) From Prob. 1.6:
12 EI 4 EI
k 3  3 3  4  400lb/in   1600lb/in
L L
k 1600
   55.6 rad/sec
W g 200 32.2  12
2
T
  0.113sec
55.6
x(t )  cos55.6t inches
2.13) The spring force is non-impulsive. Conservation of linear momentum:
m  0  mv
1 2mv2  v
2
1
2 1
v
Thus, the initial velocity for 2-car system is v0  12 v1
4 EA 4 R 2 E
keq
 
L L
keq 4 R 2 E 2 R 2 E
  
2m 2mL mL
v0
x(t ) x0 cos t 
 sin t

v0 1
v v1 ml
x0 0,
 2 1

 2 R E mL
2 2 R 2 E
v1 ml 2 R 2 E
x(t )  sin t
2R 2 E mL
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2.14) From Prob. 1.7:
k 2.25  103 lb/ft
x0 1.01in,
 v0 0
k 2.25  103

   19.0 rad/sec
m 200 / 32.2
x(t )  1.01cos19t inches
2.15) From Prob. 1.15: k  3220lb/ft
x0 0.447in,
 v0 0
k 3220

   22.8rad/sec
m 200 / 32.2
x(t )  0.447 cos 22.8t inches
2.16) M G  I G
lFbuoy sin  
I G
I G  lFbuoy  0
lFbuoy lmg
2
 
IG IG
2 2
2.17) T
 
 g/L
gT 2 32.2  3
2
L   7.34 ft
4 2 4 2
2.18)  M 0 I 0
rod 
  rbob  mabob
a cos  ka sin   L cos  mg sin  

L  mL
mL2  ka2  mgL sin  cos  0
 3   2 
sin  cos      ...  1   ...   1
 3!   2! 
 ka 2  mgL  ka 2 g
   
0  
 mL
2
 mL2 L
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2.19)  M 0 I 0
rod 
  rcyl  macyl
Lmg sin   kT L  mL
mL2  kT   Lmg sin  

0
sin    1
 kT  mgL 
  2  
0
 mL 
g  kT  2 2
   1 T
 
L  mgL   g  kT 
1
L  mgL 
2.20) The solution follows that of Example 2.8, but with the moment of inertia now corresponding to a sphere
rather than a disk. Thus, I  52 mR 2
From Eqs. (h), (j), and (k) of Ex. 2.8:
 Rr 
I     mgr sin  
0
 r 
where I  IG  mr 2 52 mr 2  mr 2 75 mr 2 and sin    1
 Rr  g
mr 2     mgr 
0 or   
0
7
5
 r  Leff
where Leff  7
5  R  r  7
5 100 1.5 137.9cm
g 981
   2.67 rad/sec
Leff 137.9
2 2 T
T
   2.36sec trise  1.18sec
 2.67 2
2.21) M 0  I : 2kR 2   I
2kR 2
 
0
I
k
2
m
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0
 (t ) 0 cos t 
2.22)  sin t

k
 (t )   0 cos 2 t
m
2.23) Wheel: M 0 I :  PR0 cos  

  I
I  PR0 cos  
0
 1: I  PR0  0 (1)
Block: F x  max : P cos  kx 

mx
 1: mx  kx  P (2)
(2) into (1) I  mR0 x  kR0 x 

0 (3)
Need   x relation 
x  R0 sin   L  cos  cos 0   R0 (4)
 I 
(4) into (3)   mR0  x  kR0 x 
0
R
 0 
kR0 2

I  mR0 2
2.24) (a) Execute the following Matlab code:
theta=0.01:0.01:3;
q=sin(theta/2);
m=q.*q;
Tbar=(2/pi)*ellipke(m);
plot(theta,Tbar)
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1 2
(b) T  ( m)
1 E 
1  
(i) T  1.05, m)
(  T 1.05
  1.65
1  .05 2 2
0  0.873rad
1  
(ii) T  1.01, m)
(  T 1.01
  1.59
1  .01 2 2
0  0.400 rad
2.25) (a) c 1N  sec/m


k 6

   1.225rad/sec
m 4
c 1
   0.1020
2 m 2 1.225  4 
d   1   2  1.225 1   0.1020   1.219 rad/sec

2
 
0.1020 1.225  0.1250 rad/sec
4 / 1.225 2   0.1020 

2
A 2 1 
  4.020 m
1   0.1020 
2
 4 
 1.225  2   0.1020 
1  
 tan
   1.050 rad
1   0.1020 
2
 

 

x(t ) 4.020e0.1250t cos 1.219t  1.050 meters
(b) 5 N  sec/m,  
c 1.225rad/sec
c 5
   0.5100
2 m 2 1.225  4 
d   1   2  1.225 1   0.5100   1.054 rad/sec

2
 
0.5100 1.225  0.6248 rad/sec
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4 / 1.225 2   0.51
2
A 2 1 
  5.368m
1   0.51
2
 4 
 1.225  2   0.51 
1  
 tan
   1.189 rad
1   0.51
2
 

 

x(t ) 5.368e0.6248t cos 1.054t 1.189  meters
(c) 10 N  sec/m,  
c 1.225rad/sec
c 10
   1 (critical damping)
2 m 2 1.225  4 
x(t )  2  4  1.225 2t  e1.225

t
2  6.45t  e1.225t meters
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k 4
2.26) (a) 2 N  sec/m,  
c  2
1.414 rad/sec
m 2
c 2
   0.3536
2 m 2  2   2
d   1   2  1.323rad/sec
  0.500 rad/sec
2 x 1
A x0 1   0   1.069 m
1  2 1  2
1   0.3536 
2
   
   1  0.3536 
  tan 1    tan    0.3614 rad
 1    1   0.3536 
2 2
   

x(t ) 1.069e0.5t cos 1.323t  0.3614 meters
(b) c
8 N  sec/m, 
2
1.414rad/sec
c 8
   1.414  1 (overdamped system)
2 m 2  2   2
 2
2
z
  2 
1 1 1

  2 rad/sec
x(t ) e 2t cosh 2t  2 sinh 2t  meters
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2.27) Kinetics:
M P  IG  rPG  maPG
  kx  cx  R  I G  mxR (1)
Kinematics for no slip:
1
x R , 
 x R , 
x R    x (2)
R
1
 I G  mR 2  x
  kx  cx  R
R
1 1
(2) into (1)   mR 2  mR 2  x
R 2
 32 mRx
Thus, x  32 mc x  32 mk x 
0 or x  2 x   2 x 
0
2k 2 8 

where     0.7454 rad/sec
3m 3  12 
2 c c 8
2       0.2981
3m 3 m 3  0.7454 12 
d   1   2  0.7454 1   0.2981  0.7115rad/sec

2
2.28)  M 0 I 0
rod 
  rcyl  macyl
L  cL  Lmg sin   kT L  mL
mL2  cL2  kT  Lmg sin  

0 where sin    1
c  k g
Thus,      T 2   
0
m  mL L 
kT g
2
 2

mL L
c c c
2     
m 2 m kT g
2m 
mL2 L
kT g c2
d  1   2  
mL2 L 4m 2
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2.29) (a)
 T 2.6sec,
 Td 3sec
2 2 2
   2 Td  T 
d  1     
1  d  
1 2 2
1  
 
   2 T   Td 
2 2
T   2.6 
 
1  1 
  0.50
 
T
 d  3 
(b) x1 1in,

 x4 0.1in,
 n 3
1 x 1 1
From Eq. (2.89),
  ln 1
 ln
 0.7675
n xn 1 3 0.1
0.7675
  0.1213
4 2   0.7675
2
L
2.30) M 0 I :
 kT   cl 2  W cos 
2
 I
cos   1 for  1
cl k
2
WL
  T
I I 2I
or
cl 2 k WL
  T 
0 where  (t )  (t )   static  (t ) 
I I 2kT
mL2  14  Lh   1  13 mL2
2
I 1
mh 2  13 mL2  1
12 3  
3
1  1  48 2  7 
I AL3

3 g 3
 340.9slug  ft 2
32.2
W 
 AL  48  2  7   672 lb
kT 13.45  103

  =  39.45 rad/sec
I 340.9
1 1
 ln 0.7824
5 0.02
 0.7824
   0.1236
4 2   2 4 2   0.7824 
2
2 I 2  39.45  0.1236  340.9 

2 cl 2 / I 
 c   831.1lb  sec/ft
l2  2
2
-20-
K21042_SM_Cover.indd 26 14/04/16 5:46 pm

2.31)  M 0 I 0
rod 
  rbob  mabob
 

a cos  c a sin   ka sin    L  mg sin   L  mL
 
mL2  ca2 cos2   ka 2 sin  cos  mgL sin  

0
2
 2 
cos 2  1   ...  1
 2! 
 3   2 
sin  cos      ...  1   ...   1
 3!   2! 
mL2  ca 2   ka 2  mgL    0
ca 2  ka 2 g 
    2    0
mL2  mL L 
ka 2 g
 
mL2 L
2
ca 2 L ka 2 g
2   c  2 m   
mL2 a mL2 L
2
L ka 2 g
ccr c
 2m   
 1
a mL2 L
2 I 2  39.45  340.9 

2.32)  1 ccr
   6724 lb  sec/ft
l2  2
2
2.33) M 0 I :  ca 2  kT  I
ca 2 k
  T
0
I I
ml 2  14  hl   1  13 ml 2
2
I 1
mh 2  13 ml 2  1
12 3  
  kT I
2 c 2 I / a 2
 ca 2 / I  
2 I 2l kT m
ccr c
 
 1
a2 a2 3
-21-
K21042_SM_Cover.indd 27 14/04/16 5:46 pm

4
2.34)  1 
1.225  2 
1
Eq.
 (2.100): ta  1.290sec
4 / 2  1.225
1 1
Eq. (2.101): tos  ta  1.290   2.106sec
 1.225
Eq. (2.102):
x  t 1 2
e
 1.2251.290  1
 0 e a 
xos    0.09588 m
ta 1.225 1.290 
2
2.35)  1 
1.414 1
1
Eq.
 (2.100): ta  1.706sec
2 / 1  1.414
1 1
Eq. (2.101): tos  ta  1.706   2.413sec
 1.414
Eq. (2.102):
x  t 1 1
e
 1.414 1.706  1
 0 e a 
xos    0.01367 m
ta 1.414 1.706 
2.36) m k 6 N/m, 
 4 kg,  s 
k 0.1, x
0 2 m, v
0 4 m/sec
k 6 2 2

   1.225rad/sec , 
T   5.130sec
m 4  1.225
mg  4  9.81
f  
k  0.1  0.6540 m
k 6
1 2 
ncr  1 1.029  nstick 2
2  0.6540 
 2  5.13
tstick t2  5.130sec
2
xstick  x2 2  2  2 0.6540  0.616m
-22-
K21042_SM_Cover.indd 28 14/04/16 5:46 pm

2.37)m 2
kg, k 4 N/m,
 s 0.12,
 k 0.1
s 0.12

   1.2
k 0.10
mg  2  9.81
Eq. (2.116):  f  4  k  4  0.10 
 4  1.962 m
k 4
k 4

   2 1.414 rad/sec

m 2
2.38) Eq. (1.92): W ( NC )  T  U
x2
F dx   12 mv2 2  12 mv12    12 kx2 2  12 kx12 

( NC )
x1
over ½ cycle:  k mg dx  0  0  12 k  x22  x12 
k mg  x2  x1
 1
2
k  x2  x1  x2  x1 
 k mg  1
2
k  x2  x1 
 1
2
k   Ac  A1 
 12 k  A1  Ac 


  12 k
2
mg
 4  k
k
-23-
K21042_SM_Cover.indd 29 14/04/16 5:46 pm

Courtesy of CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group
Figure 2.1 Mass-spring system.
002x001.eps
Figure 2.2 Kinetic diagram.
002x002.eps
Figure 2.3 Time history of a harmonic oscillator in free vibration.
002x003.eps
Figure 2.4 Freeze-frame depiction of motion of mass-spring system.
002x004.eps
Figure 2.5 Mass-spring system: (a) in horizontal equilibrium, (b) vertical configuration with spring unstretched, (c)
vertical equilibrium configuration and generic position of mass in motion.
002x005.eps
Figure 2.6 Free-body diagram for mass in equilibrium.
002x006.eps
Figure 2.7 Kinetic diagram for vertical motion.
002x007.eps
Figure 2.8 The simple pendulum.
002x008.eps
Figure 2.9 Kinetic diagram for bob of simple pendulum.
002x009.eps
Figure 2.10 Equilibrium configurations of the simple pendulum.
002x010.eps
Figure 2.11 Potential energy of the simple pendulum as a function of angular displacement.
002x011.eps
Figure 2.12 Mass-spring-damper system.
002x012.eps
Figure 2.13 Kinetic diagram for mass-spring-damper system.
002x013.eps
Figure 2.14 Characteristic response history of an underdamped system.
002x014.eps
Figure 2.15 Two measurements taken one period apart.
002x015.eps
Figure 2.16 Typical response history of an overdamped system.
002x016.eps
Figure 2.17 Characteristic response histories of critically damped systems.
002x017.eps
Figure 2.18 Mass-spring system on rough surface.
002x018.eps
Figure 2.19 Equilibrium of block on rough surface: (a) block under applied load, (b) free-body diagram.
002x019.eps
Figure 2.20 Kinetic diagram.
002x020.eps
Figure 2.21 Typical response history over one cycle.
002x021.eps
Figure 2.22 Response history of system with Coulomb damping from onset to cessation of motion.
002x022.eps
Figure E2.1 Time history of response.
0E2x001.eps
Figure E2.2 (a) Column-mass structure, (b) equivalent system.
0E2x002.eps
Figure E2.3-1 Wheel and axle.
0E2x003a.eps
Figure E2.3-2 Equivalent system.
0E2x003b.eps
Figure E2.3-3 Kinetic diagram.
0E2x003c.eps
Figure E2.5 Elastic beam with suspended mass: (a) physical system, (b) representation of compound system with beam
as equivalent 1 d.o.f. system, (c) equivalent system for beam and spring combination.
0E2x005.eps
Figure E2.6-1 Two wheel trailer carrying package.
0E2x006a.eps
Figure E2.6-2 Free vibration of trailer alone.
0E2x006b.eps
Figure E2.6-3 Free vibration of trailer with package.
0E2x006c.eps
Figure E2.8-1 Disk rolling on circular track.
0E2x008a.eps
Figure E2.8-2 Kinetic diagram for rolling disk.
0E2x008b.eps
Figure E2.9-1 Teetering glider.
0E2x009a.eps
Figure E2.9-2 Kinetic diagram for glider.
0E2x009b.eps
Figure E2.9-3 Relative motion of glider.
0E2x009c.eps
Figure E2.11
0E2x011.eps
Figure E2.15-1 Plank and float system.
0E2x015a.eps
Figure E2.15-2 Equivalent system.
0E2x015b.eps
Figure E2.15-3 Kinetic diagram.
0E2x015c.eps
Figure P2.6
0P2x006.eps
Figure P2.7
0P2x007.eps
Figure P2.8
0P2x008.eps
Figure P2.9
0P2x009.eps
Figure P2.13
0P2x013.eps
Figure P2.16
0P2x016.eps
Figure P2.18
0P2x018.eps
Figure P2.19
0P2x019.eps
Figure P2.20
0P2x020.eps
Figure P2.21
0P2x021.eps
Figure P2.23
0P2x023.eps
Figure P2.27
0P2x027.eps
Figure P2.28
0P2x028.eps
Figure P2.29
0P2x029.eps
Figure P2.30
0P2x030.eps
Figure P2.31
0P2x031.eps
Figure P2.33
0P2x033.eps

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Solutions Manual Engineering Vibrations 2nd Edition Bottega PDF

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Chapter 2

From Eq. (2.16):

From Eq. (2.17):

From Eq. (2.15): x(t ) 3.830cos 1.225t  1.021 meters

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 15 14/04/16 5:46 pm

From Eq. (2.14): x(t ) 

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 16 14/04/16 5:46 pm

x(t )  cos 27.8t inches

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1  13.9 27.5

x(t ) 1.12cos  27.8t  0.464 inches

2.12) From Prob. 1.6:

x(t )  cos55.6t inches

2.13) The spring force is non-impulsive. Conservation of linear momentum:

Thus, the initial velocity for 2-car system is v0  12 v1

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 18 14/04/16 5:46 pm

x(t )  1.01cos19t inches

2.15) From Prob. 1.15: k  3220lb/ft

x(t )  0.447 cos 22.8t inches

a cos  ka sin   L cos  mg sin  

mL2  ka2  mgL sin  cos  0

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 19 14/04/16 5:46 pm

Lmg sin   kT L  mL

mL2  kT   Lmg sin  

From Eqs. (h), (j), and (k) of Ex. 2.8:

where I  IG  mr 2 52 mr 2  mr 2 75 mr 2 and sin    1

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 20 14/04/16 5:46 pm

2.23) Wheel: M 0 I :  PR0 cos  

Block: F x  max : P cos  kx 

(2) into (1) I  mR0 x  kR0 x 

x  R0 sin   L  cos  cos 0   R0 (4)

2.24) (a) Execute the following Matlab code:

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 21 14/04/16 5:46 pm

2.25) (a) c 1N  sec/m

d   1   2  1.225 1   0.1020   1.219 rad/sec

4 / 1.225 2   0.1020 

x(t ) 4.020e0.1250t cos 1.219t  1.050 meters

d   1   2  1.225 1   0.5100   1.054 rad/sec

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 22 14/04/16 5:46 pm

x(t ) 5.368e0.6248t cos 1.054t 1.189  meters

x(t )  2  4  1.225 2t  e1.225

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 23 14/04/16 5:46 pm

x(t ) 1.069e0.5t cos 1.323t  0.3614 meters

x(t ) e 2t cosh 2t  2 sinh 2t  meters

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 24 14/04/16 5:46 pm

M P  IG  rPG  maPG

Kinematics for no slip:

d   1   2  0.7454 1   0.2981  0.7115rad/sec

L  cL  Lmg sin   kT L  mL

mL2  cL2  kT  Lmg sin  

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 25 14/04/16 5:46 pm

(b) x1 1in,

2 I 2  39.45  0.1236  340.9 

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mL2  ca2 cos2   ka 2 sin  cos  mgL sin  

2 I 2  39.45  340.9 

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 27 14/04/16 5:46 pm

xstick  x2 2  2  2 0.6540  0.616m

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 28 14/04/16 5:46 pm

2.38) Eq. (1.92): W ( NC )  T  U

F dx   12 mv2 2  12 mv12    12 kx2 2  12 kx12 

over ½ cycle:  k mg dx  0  0  12 k  x22  x12 

K21042_SM_Cover.indd 29 14/04/16 5:46 pm