Dynamics 1 Discussion

Dynamics 1
Sunday, 6 September 2020

10:28 PM
• Dynamics includes:
• Kinematics: study of the geometry of motion.
Kinematics is used to relate displacement, velocity,
acceleration, and time without reference to the
cause of motion.
• Kinetics: study of the relations existing between the
forces acting on a body, the mass of the body, and
the motion of the body. Kinetics is used to predict
the motion caused by given forces or to determine
the forces required to produce a given motion.
• Rectilinear motion: position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it

moves along a straight line.
• Curvilinear motion: position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it

moves along a curved line in two or three dimensions.
New Section 1 Page 1

dx
 v  constant
dt
Rectilinear Motion with Constant Acceleration
x t
 dx 11:21
v PMdt
x0 For0particle in uniform rectilinear motion, the acceleration is zero
x  x0 and
vt the velocity is constant.
x  x0  vt
v t
dv
 a  constant  dv  a  dt v  v0  at
dt v0 0
v  v0  at
x t 11 - 4
dx
 v0  at  dx  
 0v  at dt x  x 0  v 0  2 at
t 1 2
dt x0 0
For particle in uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion, the acceleration
 xparticle
ofxthe 0  v0 t is2 constant.
1 at 2
v 2  v02   ax  x0 
v x
dv
v  a  constant  v dv  a  dx 1
2
dx v0 x0
v 2
 v02  2 a  x  x0 

Situation 1
11:26 PM
A motorcycle at a gasoline station

stays there for 10 minutes after his
buddy in a car passes at an average
speed of 40 mph.
a) How long will it take for the
motorcycle at an average speed of
50 mph to reach his buddy’s car.?
b) What must be the total distance
travelled by the motorcycle to
up.?

Situation 2
11:28 PM
A truck traveling along a straight road at speed of 20 kph, increases its

speed to 120 kph in 15 sec.
a) What is the truck's acceleration?
b) Determine the distance travelled?

Situation
Monday, 7 September 2020
12:03 AM
An automobile moving at a constant

velocity of 15 m/s passes a gasoline
station. Two seconds later, another
automobile leaves the gasoline station
and accelerates at a constant rate of 2
m/s2. How soon will the second
automobile overtake the first?
16.787 s

Situation
12:09 AM
A boatman rows to a place 48 miles

distant and back in 14 hours but find
that he can row 4 miles with the
stream in the same time as 3 miles
against the stream. Find the rate of the
stream.
1mph

Situation
12:11 AM
A man driving his car at a constant

speed of 42 mph suddenly sees a cow
crossing the road 60 ft ahead. At what
constant deceleration ( in ft/s2) is
required to avoid hitting the animal?
Assume a reaction time of 0.3 seconds
before the man applied the brake.
45.695

Situation 3
12:00 AM
A stone is thrown vertically upward

and returns to earth in 12 seconds
A. Determine its initial velocity.

B. How high did it go?
C. At what time did it travel until it
reaches the highest point?
58.86 176.58 6

12:15 AM
A ball is thrown vertically into the air

at 120 m/s. After 3 seconds, another
ball is thrown vertically. What is the
velocity must the second ball have to
pass the first ball at 100 m from the
ground?
105.89

12:18 AM
A ball is thrown vertically upwatd from

the ground and a student gazing out of
the window sees it moving upward
him at 5 m/s. The window is 10 m
the ground. How high does the ball go
above the ground?
11.3

12:21 AM
A wrench is dropped from the top of a

tower 100 m high at the same instant a
ball is thrown upward from the ground.
If the two items meet each other at a
point 60 m above the ground.
Determine the initial velocity of the
35.02

12:23 AM
A man dropped a stone into a well.

Four seconds later the sound of a
water splash is heard. Assuming soud
travels at a speed of 330 m/s,
determine how deep is the well.
70.34

12:25 AM
A workman drops a wrench from the

roof of a tall building 90 m above the
street and at the same instant shouts a
warning to men below. If sound travels
342 m/s, how long after the warning is
heard below does the wrench strike?
4.02s

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration
11:21 PM

12:31 AM
The position of a particle along a

straight line is given by
s = t3 - 9t 2 + 15t.
a) Determine the velocity when t = 10
b) What is the acceleration when t = 10
sec?
135 42

12:32 AM
The rectilinear motion of a particle is

given by s = v2 – 9 where s in meter and
v in m/s. When t = 0, s = 0 and v = 3m/s
a) Determine the particle’s velocity when
= 2 sec.
b) What is the distance traveled at t = 3
sec?
4
11.25

12:42 AM
The velocity of a particle is governed

by the relation v= 2 - 4t + 5t^3/2 where
is in seconds and v in m/s. When t = 0, s
= 3m.
a. Determine the particle's position

when t = 3 seconds.
b. Determine the particle's
when t = 3 seconds
22.2
9

12:49 AM
Starting from rest, a bicyclist travels

around a horizontal circular path of
radius 10, at a speed v=0.09t 2 + 0.1t.
a) Determine the magnitude of his
when he traveled a distance of 3 m.
b) Determine the magnitudes of his
acceleration when he has traveled a
distance of 3 m.
1.96
0.93 (resultant)

Graphical Solution of Rectilinear Motion Problems
12:56 AM
Graphical Solution of Rectilinear-

Motion Problems
• Given the x-t curve, the v-t curve is equal to

the x-t curve slope.
• Given the v-t curve, the a-t curve is equal to

the v-t curve slope.
• Given the a-t curve, the change in velocity between t1 and t2 is

equal to the area under the a-t curve between t1 and t2.
• Given the v-t curve, the change in position between t1 and t2 is

equal to the area under the v-t curve between t1 and t2.

12:58 AM
A subway car leaves station A; it gains speed at the

rate of 4 ft/s2 for 6 s and then at the rate of 6ft/s 2
until it has reached the speed of 48 ft/s. The car
maintains the same speed until it approaches station
B; brakes are then applied, giving the car a constant
deceleration and bringing it to a stop in 6 seconds.
The total running time from A to B is 40s.. Draw the
a-t, v-t, and x-t curves, and determine the distance
between stations A and B.

12:59 AM
A car starts from rest and reaches a speed of 48m/s

in 15 sec. The acceleration increases from zero
uniformly with time for the first 6 seconds after which
it remains constant.
a. What is the constant acceleration

b. What is the velocity after 6 seconds
c. What is the distance traveled in 15 seconds
4
12
294

1:32 AM
A car accelerates from intial veloctiy of 10 m/s. The

acceleration is increasing uniformly from zero to 8
m/s2 in 6 seconds. During the next 2 seconds, the car
decelerates at a constant rate of 2 m/s2.
a. What is the velocity after 8 seconds

b. Determine the total distance traveled after 8
seconds.
30
196

8:52 AM
A car starting from rest accelerates uniformly from

zero at B to 3 m/s2 for 5 seconds at C, then
decelerates uniformly at 2 m/s2 and stop at D.
Determine the time elapsed the car gas traveled from
B to D.
8.75 s

9:15 AM
A subway train travels between two of its

station stops with the acceleration schedule
shown.
18. Determine the velocity after 12 sec.

a. 20 m/s c. 12 m/s
b. 8 m/s d. 0 m/s
19. Determine the time interval “t” during the

brakes to a stop with deceleration of 2m/s 2.
a. 4 sec c. 8 sec
b. 10 sec d. 6 sec
20. Determine the distance between stations.

a. 614 m c. 461 m
b. 146 m d. 416 m

Projectile Motion
9:00 AM
• Rectangular components particularly effective

when component accelerations can be integrated
independently, e.g., motion of a projectile,
a x  x  0 a y  y   g a z  z  0
with initial conditions,
Integrating twice yields
x0  y 0  z 0  0 v x 0 , v y 0 , v z 0  0
• Motion in horizontal direction is uniform.

• Motion in vertical direction is uniformly
accelerated.
• Motion of projectile could be replaced by two
independent rectilinear motions. v  v
x x 0  0  gt
vy  vy vz  0
x  v x 0 t  
y  v y y  12 gt 2
0
z0


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Dynamics 1

Sunday, 6 September 2020

• Rectilinear motion: position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it

• Curvilinear motion: position, velocity, and acceleration of a particle as it

New Section 1 Page 1

New Section 1 Page 2

A motorcycle at a gasoline station

New Section 1 Page 3

A truck traveling along a straight road at speed of 20 kph, increases its

New Section 1 Page 4

An automobile moving at a constant

New Section 1 Page 5

A boatman rows to a place 48 miles

New Section 1 Page 6

A man driving his car at a constant

New Section 1 Page 7

A stone is thrown vertically upward

A. Determine its initial velocity.

New Section 1 Page 8

A ball is thrown vertically into the air

New Section 1 Page 9

A ball is thrown vertically upwatd from

New Section 1 Page 10

A wrench is dropped from the top of a

New Section 1 Page 11

A man dropped a stone into a well.

New Section 1 Page 12

A workman drops a wrench from the

New Section 1 Page 13

New Section 1 Page 14

The position of a particle along a

New Section 1 Page 15

The rectilinear motion of a particle is

New Section 1 Page 16

The velocity of a particle is governed

a. Determine the particle's position

New Section 1 Page 17

Starting from rest, a bicyclist travels

New Section 1 Page 18

Graphical Solution of Rectilinear-

• Given the x-t curve, the v-t curve is equal to

• Given the v-t curve, the a-t curve is equal to

• Given the a-t curve, the change in velocity between t1 and t2 is

• Given the v-t curve, the change in position between t1 and t2 is

New Section 1 Page 19

A subway car leaves station A; it gains speed at the

New Section 1 Page 20

A car starts from rest and reaches a speed of 48m/s

a. What is the constant acceleration

New Section 1 Page 21

A car accelerates from intial veloctiy of 10 m/s. The

a. What is the velocity after 8 seconds

New Section 1 Page 22

A car starting from rest accelerates uniformly from

New Section 1 Page 23

A subway train travels between two of its

18. Determine the velocity after 12 sec.

19. Determine the time interval “t” during the

20. Determine the distance between stations.

New Section 1 Page 24

• Rectangular components particularly effective

Integrating twice yields

• Motion in horizontal direction is uniform.