1.1 What factor of formation most influences the texture of igneous rocks?

1.2 What processes occur to cause metamorphosis of rocks?

1.3 What type of bedrock formations would be through to offer good foundation support for
structures? What types would be more suspect of being possible poor bedrock materials?

1.4 What effect does the shape of a channel have on stream flow and the related carried or
deposited soil dimensions.
1.5 What soil types would be expected in a river or stream delta?

1.6 Do soil typical soil of beach deposits represent any advantage or disadvantage to the
building and construction industry.
1.7 List three events of national and/or international importance that involve soil mechanics.
2.1How will you distinguish fine - granted soils from coarse - grained soils by visual means?

2.2 Which is stronger, sand or clay? Why?

2.3 What is the potential stability in areas where the land is formed from marine clay's?

2.4 What is the essential reason for the difference in behavior of nature clays and other soil
types such as silts and sands?
2.5 Describe two simple tests to distinguish clay from silt.

2.6 In general way, the strength of a coarse-grained soil is related to the soil deposits structure
(or particle orientation) and void ratio (or density). what is this relationship.
2.7 Referring to the attraction that typically exists between water and clay particles, what is
absorbed water?

2.8 Describe the shape of sand and clay particles.

3.1 Indicate the difference between index properties of a soil and classification tests.

3.2 clay is a soil materials that possesses plasticity in the presence of water. What does the
term plastic means in relation to clay soils?
3.3 The following data were obtained from simple identification test on two different soils.
What typical name should be assigned to each.

A.) Medium dry strength; no visible dilatancy reaction ; medium tough plastic tread;
when dispensed, more than 50% of the sample settles in less than 1 min.

B.) Low dry strength ; rapid dilatancy reaction; weak plastic thread when dispensed,
most of the sample settles in 30 to 5 min.

3.4 Why does the presence of water n a soil have so much greater effect on clays than on sand
or gravel materials?
3.5 Discuss the classification test to determine the water content of line-grained soil.
Geotechnical Engineering of 18th Century

Garisenda Tower and Assineli

Pyramid of Giza
Classical Soil Mechanics - Phase I (1776-1856)

William John Macquorn

Rankine

Augustine Coulumb

Jean Victor Poncelet

Classical Soil Mechanicas - Phase II (1856-1910)

Henri Philibert Gaspard

Darcy

George Howard Darwin

Osborne Reynolds
Modern Soil Mechanics (1910-1927)

Albert Mauritz Atterberg

Robert Peck

Jean Victor Poncelet

Geotecnical Engineering after 1927

Karl von Terzaghi