UNIT-03 : ELEVATORS

• TYPES OF ELECTRIC ELEVATORS

• SIZE AND SHAPE OF ELEVATOR CAR
• SPEED OF ELEVATORS
• LOCATION OF ELEVATOR MACHINE
• TYPES OF ELEVATOR MACHINES, ELEVATOR MOTORS
• POWER TRANSMISSION GEARS BRAKING
• SAFETY IN ELEVATORS
• BOMBAY LIFT ACT.
 WHAT IS ELEVATOR (LIFT)?
• AN ELEVATOR CAN BE DEFINED AS AN ELECTRIC LIFT WHICH IS USED AS
VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS AS WELL AS PEOPLE AMONG THE
FLOORS IN BUILDINGS.
• THESE ARE ACTIVATED WITH THE ELECTRICAL MOTORS.
• AN ELEVATOR IS A METAL BOX IN DIFFERENT SHAPES WHICH IS
CONNECTED TO A VERY TOUGH METAL ROPE.
WORKING OF ELEVATOR
 CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES
• THE TOUGH METAL ROPE PASSES THROUGH A SHEAVE ON
THE ELEVATOR IN THE ENGINE ROOM.

• SHEAVE IS LIKE A WHEEL IN PULLEY SYSTEM FOR

CLUTCHING THE METAL ROPE STRONGLY.

• THIS SYSTEM CAN BE OPERATED BY A MOTOR. WHEN THE

SWITCH IS TURNED ON, THE MOTOR CAN BE ACTIVATED
WHEN THE ELEVATOR GOES UP AND DOWN OR STOPS.

• THE ELEVATOR CAN BE CONSTRUCTED WITH

VARIOUS ELEVATOR COMPONENTS OR ELEVATOR
PARTS THAT MAINLY INCLUDE SPEED CONTROLLING SYSTEM,
ELECTRIC MOTOR, RAILS, CABIN, SHAFT, DOORS (MANUAL
AND AUTOMATIC), DRIVE UNIT, BUFFERS, AND SAFETY
DEVICE.
 CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES
TRACTION DRIVE/ROPING SYSTEM

• THE TRACTION DRIVE IS THE METHOD OF CONVERTING THE INPUT

MECHANICAL POWER (IN THIS CASE THE TURNING OF A SHAFT) INTO
USEABLE MECHANICAL POWER IN THE SYSTEM (THE VERTICAL MOVEMENT
OF THE ELEVATOR).
• A ROPING SYSTEM IS USED TO ATTACH THE MOTOR/GEAR REDUCER, THE
ELEVATOR CAR AND THE COUNTER WEIGHT.
 GEARS
• THE ELEVATOR IS COMPOSED OF A MOTOR AND, MOST COMMONLY,
A WORM GEAR REDUCER SYSTEM.

• A WORM GEAR SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF A WORM GEAR, TYPICALLY

CALLED THE WORM, AND A LARGER ROUND GEAR.

• TWO GEARS WHICH HAVE ROTATIONAL AXES PERPENDICULAR TO

EACH OTHER.

• DECREASE THE ROTATIONAL SPEED OF THE TRACTION PULLEY.

• CHANGE THE PLANE OF ROTATION.

• BY DECREASING THE ROTATION SPEED, WITH THE USE OF A GEAR

REDUCER, WE ARE ALSO INCREASING THE OUTPUT TORQUE,
THEREFORE, HAVING THE ABILITY TO LIFT LARGER OBJECTS FOR A
GIVEN PULLEY DIAMETER.

• THE GEAR REDUCTION RATIOS TYPICALLY VARY BETWEEN 12:1 AND

30:1.
 MOTORS

• THE MOTOR COMPONENT OF THE ELEVATOR MACHINE CAN BE EITHER A DC

MOTOR OR AN AC MOTOR.
• A DC MOTOR HAD A GOOD STARTING TORQUE AND EASE OF SPEED
CONTROL.
• AN AC MOTOR IS MORE REGULARLY USED BECAUSE OF ITS RUGGEDNESS
AND SIMPLICITY. A MOTOR IS CHOSEN DEPENDING ON DESIGN INTENT
FOR THE ELEVATOR.
 REFERENCES
• HTTPS://STUFF.MIT.EDU/AFS/ATHENA/COURSE/2/2.972/WWW/REPORTS/ELEV
ATOR/ELEVATOR.HTML
• HTTPS://WWW.ELPROCUS.COM/WHAT-IS-ELEVATOR-WORKING-DIFFERENT-
TYPES-AND-THEIR-USES/
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=B6USGJKMXZ0
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=17QJUCR7-FI
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=S3XAEMCEZR0
• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=LBMT7JQ4EZO