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TURNING FIXTURES
COMPONENTS PRODUCED ON LATHE ARE
CHEAPER DUE TO LESS MACHINE HOUR
RATE COMPARED TO COSTLY MILLING
MACHINE AND COSTLY MILLING CUTTER
INSERTS.
AVAILABILITY OF LATHE IS MORE COMMON
COMPARED TO MILLING MACHINES.
Push-out collets
Pull-in collets
Dead length collets
Push-out collets
Pull-in collets
Dead length collets
Cylindrical Liners
Mandrels
Mandrels
Mandrels are internal locators used for
concentric machining of outside
diameter of work pieces with finished
bores.
Types of Mandrels
Tapered Mandrels
Axial clamping Mandrels
Expanding Mandrels
Threaded Mandrels
Tapered Mandrels
These are tapered bars with centre at the
ends for aligning with the machine axis and
a flat for fixing the drive carrier.
Taper generally ranges from 0.4 to 0.5 mm
per meter.
This limits the variation in the bore of the
work pieces and so, for wide difference in
the bores, different mandrels must be used.
The taper facilitates friction drive for the
work piece, which is generally pressed on the
mandrel with an arbor press.
For repeated use, the mandrels should be
hardened and the centers protected by
counter bores to prevent damage due to
accidental fall.
Tapered mandrels are rarely used in mass
production as they require longer work
piece loading and unloading time.
Axial Clamping Mandrels (less
accurate for production purpose)
These are extensively used for grinding
outside diameter of bushes.
The locating diameter must be close push fit
with the minimum size of the work piece bore.
Consequently, the maximum bore size work
piece would be loose on the mandrel by the
amount equal to the work piece tolerance.
Thus, the possible concentricity b/w the
inside and outside diameter of the work piece
would be equal to the tolerance on the bore of
the work piece.
The work piece is clamped axially with a C
washer and a hexagonal nut which permit
quick loading and unloading.
The drive pin serves as an integral drive
carrier. The mandrel is provided with
protected centres and is hardened to minimise
wear on the locating diameter.
Expanding Mandrels
For a high degree of concentricity expanding
mandrels should be used.
These permit adjustment of the locating
diameter to suit the variation in the bore size of
the work piece.
In fact, expanding mandrels clamp the work
piece on the bore as collet grips the stock on
the outside diameter.
Consequently there is no clearance between the
mandrel and the work piece which explains the
high degree of concentricity .
The mandrel is split in to three or four pieces and
are held against the expanding cone by a retainer
spring, the clockwise rotation of the cone pushes the
mandrel pieces outwards against the work piece to
locate and clamp it.
The rotation of the cone in the opposite direction
reduces the distance b/w the mandrel pieces which are
pressed inwards by the retainer spring.
this contracts the mandrel to provide clearance b/w
the mandrel and work piece for easy loading and
unloading.
Threaded Mandrels
For work pieces with internal threads, the locating
mandrel should have a clamping collar which has
internal threads in the direction opposite to the
thread in the work piece. these facilitate tightening
of the work piece and the clamping collar against each
other ,and prevents the collar from unscrewing during
turning operation. for unclamping the work piece, lug
on the clamping collar is knocked in an anti-clockwise
direction by a hammer.