HKKX Fo"K Kred Iz'U: Part - I: Subjective Questions

Measurement Error and Experiment
PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Hkkx - I : fo"k;kRed iz'u ¼SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½
1. Using screw gauge, the observation of the diameter of a wire are 1.324, 1.326, 1.334, 1.336 cm respectively.
Find the average diameter, the mean error, the relative error and % error.
LØwxst ls rkj dk O;kl ekik x;k vkSj çs{k.k 1.324, 1.326, 1.334, 1.336 cm vk,A rkj dk vkSlr O;kl] ek/; =kqfV lkis{k
=kqfV vkSj % =kqfV Kkr djksA
Ans. D  1.330 cm , D  0.005 cm , Relative error lkisf{kd =kqfV = + 0.004 %, error =kqfV = 0.4%
2. Find significant figures in the following observations -

(i) 0.007 gm (ii) 2.64 x 1024 kg (iii) 0.2370 gm/cm3 (iv) 6.320 J/K
2
(v) 6.032 N/m (vi) 0.0006032 K –1
fuEu çs{k.kksa esa lkFkZd vad Kkr djks &

(i) 0.007 gm (ii) 2.64 x 1024 kg (iii) 0.2370 gm/cm3 (iv) 6.320 J/K
2
(v) 6.032 N/m (vi) 0.0006032 K–1
Ans. (i) 1 (ii) 3 (iii) 4 (iv) 4 (v) 4 (vi) 4
3. Round off the following numbers within three significant figures -

(i) 0.03927 kg (ii) 4.085 x 108 sec (iii) 5.2354 m (iv) 4.735 x 10–6 kg
fuEu la[;kvksa dks rhu lkFkZd vadksa eas iw.kkZfdr dhft,A
(i) 0.03927 kg (ii) 4.085 x 108 sec (iii) 5.2354 m (iv) 4.735 x 10–6 kg
Ans. (i) 0.0393 kg (ii) 4.08 x 108 sec (iii) 5.24 m (iv) 4.74 x 10–6 kg
4. If a tuning fork of frequency (f0) 340 Hz and tolerance  1% is used in resonance column method [v = 2f0 (2
– 1)], the first and the second resonance are measured at 1 = 24.0 cm and 2 = 74.0 cm. Find max.
permissible error in speed of sound.
vuqukn uyh ds iz;ksx esa [v = 2f0 (2 – 1)] ds mi;ksx dh;s tkus okys Lofj=k dh vko`fr (0) 340 Hz gS vkSj mlesa =kqfV
(tolerance )  1% gS A izFke vkSj f}rh; vuqukn Øe'k% 1 = 24.0 cm vkSj 2 = 74.0 cm ij vkrs gSa rks /ofu ds osx
esa vf/kdre vuqes; (permissible) =kqfV Kkr djks &
Ans. 1.4%
PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
Hkkx - II : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)
1. The length of a rectangular plate is measured by a meter scale and is found to be 10.0 cm. Its width is
measured by vernier callipers as 1.00 cm. The least count of the meter scale and vernier callipers are 0.1 cm
and 0.01 cm respectively (Obviously). Maximum permissible error in area measurement is -
(1*) + 0.2 cm2 (2) + 0.1 cm2 (3) + 0.3 cm2 (4) Zero
,d vk;rkdkj IysV dh yEckbZ ,d ehVj Ldsy ls 10.0 cm ekih xbZA bldh pkSM+kbZ ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ls 1.00 cm ekih xbZA
ehVj Ldsy vkSj ofuZ;j dSyhilZ dk vYirekad Øe'k% 0.1 cm vkSj 0.001 cm gS (lkekU;r) {ks=kQy ekiu esa vf/kdre
vuqes; (permissible) =kqfV gS –
(1*) + 0.2 cm2 (2) + 0.1 cm2 (3) + 0.3 cm2 (4) 'kwU;
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AIPMTME -1
2. In the previous question, minimum possible error in area measurement can be -
(1) + 0.02 cm2 (2) + 0.01 cm2 (3) + 0.03 cm2 (4*) Zero
fiNys ç'u esa {ks=kQy ekiu esa U;wure lEHko =kqfV gS
(1) + 0.02 cm2 (2) + 0.01 cm2 (3) + 0.03 cm2 (4*) 'kwU;
3. For a cubical block, error in measurement of sides is + 1% and error in measurement of mass is + 2%, then
maximum possible error in density is -
?kukdkj CykWd esa Hkqtkvksa ds ekiu esa =kqfV + 1% gS] vkSj nzO;eku ekiu esa =kqfV + 2% gS rks ?kuRo ekiu esa vf/kdre lEHko
=kqfV fdruh gksxh &
(1) 1% (2*) 5% (3) 3% (4) 7%
L
4. To estimate ‘g’ (from g = 42 ), error in measurement of L is + 2% and error in measurement of T is + 3%.
T2
The error in estimated ‘g’ will be -
L
‘g’ dk eku (g = 42 ls), Kkr djus ds ç;ksx esa L ds ekiu esa =kqfV ± 2% gS vkSj T ds ekiu esa =kqfV ± 3% gSA 'g' esa
T2
=kqfV gksxh
(1*) + 8% (2) + 6% (3) + 3% (4) + 5%
5. The least count of a stop watch is 0.2 second. The time of 20 oscillations of a pendulum is measured to be
25 seconds. The percentage error in the time period is
,d fojke ?kM+h dk vYirekad 0.2 lSd.M gSA ml ?kM+h ls ,d ljy yksyd dks 20 nksyu djus esa yxk le; 25 lSd.M
ekik x;kA vkorZdky esa vf/kdre çfr'kr =kqfV gS &
(1) 16% (2*) 0.8 % (3) 1.8 % (4) 8 %
6. The dimensions of a rectangular block measured with a vernier callipers having least count of 0.1 mm is 5
mm × 10 mm × 5 mm. The maximum percentage error in measurement of volume of the block is
0.1 mm vYirekad ds ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ls ,d ?kukHkkdkj CykWd dk vkdkj 5 mm × 10 mm × 5 mm ekik x;k gSA CykWd
ds vk;ru esa vf/kdre çfr'kr =kqfV gksxh &
(1*) 5 % (2) 10 % (3) 15 % (4) 20 %
xy 2
7. An experiment measures quantities x, y, z and then t is calculated from the data as t = . If percentage
z3
errors in x, y and z are respectively 1%, 3%, 2%, then percentage error in t is :
xy 2
,d ç;ksx esa jkf'k;ksa x, y, z dks ekik tkrk gS vkSj fQj t dk eku lw=k t = ls Kkr fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn x, y vkSj z
z3
esa izfr'kr =kqfV Øe'k% 1%, 3%, 2% gks, rks t esa çfr'kr =kqfV gksxh :
(1) 10 % (2) 4 % (3) 7 % (4*) 13 %
8. The external and internal diameters of a hollow cylinder are measured to be (4.23 ± 0.01) cm and
(3.89 ± 0.01) cm. The thickness of the wall of the cylinder is
,d [kks[kys csyu dh vkUrfjd vkSj cká f=kT;k Øe'k% (4.23 ± 0.01) cm vkSj (3.89 ± 0.01) cm gSA csyu dh nhokj dh
eksVkbZ gksxh &
(1) (0.34 ± 0.02) cm (2) (0.17 ± 0.02) cm (3*) (0.17 ± 0.01) cm (4) (0.34 ± 0.01) cm
9. The mass of a ball is 1.76 kg. The mass of 25 such balls is

,d ckWy dk nzO;eku 1.76 kg gS ,sls 25 ckWy dk nzO;eku fdruk gksxk &
(1) 0.44 × 103 kg (2*) 44.0 kg (3) 44 kg (4) 44.00 kg
AIPMTME -2
10. Two resistors R1 (24 ± 0.5)  and R2 (8 ± 0.3)  are joined in series. The equivalent resistance is
nks çfrjks/k R1 (24 ± 0.5)  vkSj R2 (8 ± 0.3)  dks Js.kh Øe esa tksM+k tkrk gSA rqY; çfrjks/k gksxk &
(1)32 ± 0.33  (2*) 32 ± 0.8  (3) 32 ± 0.2  (4) 32 ± 0.5 
11. The pitch of a screw gauge is 0.5 mm and there are 100 divisions on it circular scale. The instrument reads
+2 divisions when nothing is put in-between its jaws. In measuring the diameter of a wire, there are 8
divisions on the main scale and 83rd division coincides with the reference line. Then the diameter of the wire
is
LØwxst dh fip 0.5 mm gS rFkk blds o`Ùkkdkj iSekus esa 100 Hkkx gSA tc nkarks (jaws) ds chp dksbZ oLrq ugha j[kh gks rks
;g ;a=k +2 Hkkx i<+rk gSA rkj dk O;kl ekius ij eq[; iSekus ds 8 Hkkx] funsZ'k js[kk ds 83 osa Hkkx ds lEikrh gksrs gS rks
rkj dk O;kl gksxk &
(1) 4.05 mm (2*) 4.405 mm (3) 3.05 mm (4) 1.25 mm
12. The pitch of a screw gauge having 50 divisions on its circular scale is 1 mm. When the two jaws of the screw
gauge are in contact with each other, the zero of the circular scale lies 6 division below the line of graduation.
When a wire is placed between the jaws, 3 linear scale divisions are clearly visible while 31st division on the
circular scale coincide with the reference line. The diameter of the wire is :
,d LØwxst ftlds o`Ùkkdkj 50 Hkkx gSA bldk fip 1 mm gSA tc LØwxst ds nks nkars (jaws) lEidZ esa gksrs gS rks o`Ùkkdkj
iSekus dk 'kwU; va'kkdu js[kk ls 6 Hkkx uhps gksrk gS rks js[kh; iSekus ds 3 Hkkx rks Li"V :i ls fn[krs gS tcfd iSekus ij
31okW Hkkx funsZ'k js[kk ds lEikrh gksrk gS rks rkj dk O;kl gksxk \
(1) 3.62 mm (2) 3.50 mm (3) 3.5 mm (4*) 3.74 mm
13. The smallest division on the main scale of a vernier callipers is 1 mm, and 10 vernier divisions coincide with
9 main scale divisions. While measuring the diameter of a sphere, the zero mark of the vernier scale lies
between 2.0 and 2.1 cm and the fifth division of the vernier scale coincide with a scale division. Then diameter
of the sphere is
(1*) 2.05 cm (2) 3.05 cm (3) 2.50 cm (4) None of these
ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ds eq[; iSekus dk lcls NksVk Hkkx 1 mm rFkk 10 ofuZ;j Hkkx eq[; iSekus ds 9 Hkkxksa ds lEikrh gSA tc
xksys dk O;kl ekik tkrk gS rks ofuZ;j iSekus dk 'kwU; fpUg 2.0 rFkk 2.1 cm ds e/; vkrk gS rFkk ofuZ;j iSekus dk ikapok
Hkkx ,d iSekus ds Hkkx ds lEikrh gksrk gS rks xksys dk O;kl gS &
(1*) 2.05 cm (2) 3.05 cm (3) 2.50 cm (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
COMPREHENSION :
In the, Ohm’s law experiment, to find resistance of unknown resistor R, following two arrangements (a) and
(b) are possible.
vkse ds fu;e ds iz;ksx ls vKkr izfrjks/k R dk eku Kkr djrs gS] blds fy, nks rjhds (a) rFkk (b) lEHko gSA
A A
v v
(a) (b)
AIPMTME -3
The resistance measured is given by
ekfir izfrjks/k R fn;k tkrk gSA
V
R measured 
i
V = voltage reading of voltmeter, i = current Reading of ammeter.
But unfortunately the ammeters and voltmeter used are not ideal, but having resistance RA and Rv respec-
tively.
V = oksYVehVj }kjk ekik x;k foHkokUrj, i = vehVj }kjk ekih xbZ /kkjkA
ysfdu mi;ksx esa fy, x;s vehVj o oksYVehVj vkn'kZ ugh gSA budk izfrjks/k RA o Rv gSA
14. For arrangement (a), the measured resistance is

fp=k (a), ds fy, ekfir izfrjks/k gksxk &
RR v RR v
(1) R + Rv (2*) R + RA (3) R  R (4) R  R  R A
v v
15. For arrangement (b), the measured resistance is

fp=k (b), ds fy, ekfir izfrjks/k gksxk &
RR v RR v
(1) R + Rv (2) R + RA (3*) R  R (4) R  R  R A
v v
16. You are given two unknown resistors X and Y. These resistances are to be determined, using an ammeter of
RA = 0.5  and a voltmeter of Rv = 20 k. It is known that X is in range of a few ohms and Y is in the range
of several kilo ohm's. Which circuit is preferable to measure X and Y :
vkidks nks vKkr izfrjks/k X o Y fn;k tkrk gSA ftldk izfrjks/k] vkidks vehVj RA = 0.5  rFkk oksYVehVj Rv = 20 k
}kjk Kkr djuk gSA ;g tkurs gq, fd X dh ijkl dqN vkse dh gS rFkk Y dh ijkl dqN fdyks vkse dh gSA X o Y dks ekfir
djus ds fy, dkSulk ifjiFk T;knk mi;qDr gS\
Resistor izfrjks/k Circuit ifjiFk
x (a)
y (b)
(1) x  (a), y  (b) (2*) x  (b), y  (a)
(3) x  (a), y  (a) (4) x  (b), y  (b)
ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)
1. The edge of a cube is a = 1.2  102 m. Then its volume will be recorded as :
,d ?ku dh Hkqtk a = 1.2 × 10–2 m gSA rks blds vk;ru dk ikB~;kad gksxk &
(1) 1.72  106 m3 (2) 1.728  106 m3
(3*) 1.7  106 m3 (4) 1.73  106 m3
AIPMTME -4
2. In the shown arrangement of the experiment of the meter bridge if the length AC corresponding to null
deflection of galvanometer is x, what would be its value if the radius of the wire AB is doubled?
fn;s x;s ifjiFk esa] xsYosuksehVj ls dksbZ /kkjk ugha cgrh gSA ;fn AB dh vuqçLFk dkV dk O;kl nqxquk dj nsa] rks xsYosuksehVj
ds 'kwU; fcUnq ds fy,, AC dk eku gksxk :
(1*) x (2) x/4 (3) 4x (4) 2x
3. In the post office arrangement to determine the value of unknown resistance, the unknown resistance
should be connected between:
B C D
B1 C1
(1) B and C (2) C and D (3*) A and D (4) B1 and C1

iksLV vkWfQl ckWDl lajpuk esa vKkr çfrjks/k dk eku Kkr djus ds fy,] vKkr izfrjks/k dks fdu fcUnqvksa ds chp tksMuk
pkfg;sA
B C D
B1 C1
(1) B rFkk C (2) C rFkk D (3*) A rFkk D (4) B1 rFkk C1
4. A wire has a mass (0.3 ± 0.003)g, radius (0.5 ± 0.005)mm and length (6 ± 0.06)cm. The maximum percent-
age error in the measurement of its density is :
,d rkj dk nzO;eku (0.3 ± 0.003)g, f=kT;k (0.5 ± 0.005)mm rFkk yEckbZ (6 ± 0.06)cm gS rks blds ?kuRo ds ekiu
esa vf/kdre çfr'kr =kqfV gS
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4*) 4
AIPMTME -5
5. The number of circular divisions on the shown screw gauge is 50. It moves 0.5 mm on main scale for one
complete rotation. Main scale reading is 2. The diameter of the ball is :
fp=k esa çnf'kZr LØwxst esa 50 o`Ùkkdkj Hkkx gSA ;g eq[; iSekus ij ,d iw.kZ ?kw.kZu ds fy, 0.5 mm xfr djrk gS rFkk eq[;
iSekus ij ikB~;kad 2 gSA ckWy dk O;kl gS :
5
0 2 25
(1) 2.25 mm (2) 2.20 mm (3*) 1.20 mm (4) 1.25 mm
 4 2  
6. A student performs an experiment for determination of g   2  ,   1m, and he commits an error of .
 T 
For T he takes the time of n oscillations with the stop watch of least count T and he commits a human error
of 0.1 sec. For which of the following data, the measurement of g will be most accurate ?
(1) L = 0.5, T = 0.1, n = 20 (2) L = 0.5, T = 0.1, n = 50
(3) L = 0.5, T = 0.01, n = 20 (4*) L = 0.1, T = 0.05, n = 50
2
 4  
,d fo|kFkhZ g   2  dh x.kuk ds fy, ,d ç;ksx djrk gS]   1m rFkk  =kqfV crkrk gSA T vYirekad okyh LVkWi
 T 
okWp dh lgk;rk ls T ds fy, n nksyuksa dk le; Kkr djrk gS rFkk 0.1 sec O;fDrxr =kqfV crkrk gSA fuEu es ls fdu
vkadM+ks ds fy, g dk ekiu lcls ;FkkFkZ gksxk ?
(1) L = 0.5, T = 0.1, n = 20 (2) L = 0.5, T = 0.1, n = 50
(3) L = 0.5, T = 0.01, n = 20 (4*) L = 0.1, T = 0.05, n = 50
7. A resistance of 2  is connected across one gap of a metre-bridge (the length of the wire is 100 cm) and an
unknown resistance, greater than 2 , is connected across the other gap. When these resistances are
interchanged, the balance point shifts by 20 cm. Neglecting any corrections, the unknown resistance is
,d ehVj&lsrq (rkj dh yEckbZ 100 cm) ds ,d [kkyh LFkku esa 2 dk çfrjks/k tksM+k tkrk gS vkSj nwljs [kkyh LFkku esa
2 ls cM+k ,d vKkr çfrjks/k tksM+k tkrk gSA tc bu çfrjks/kksa ds LFkku vkil esa cny fn;s tkrs gSa rks larqyu fcUnq
20 cm f[kld tkrk gSA fdlh Hkh çdkj dh v'kqf};ksa dks ux.; ekurs gq,] vKkr çfrjks/k dk eku gSA
(1*) 3  (2) 4  (3) 5  (4) 6 
8. A student performs an experiment to determine the Young’s modulus of a wire, exactly 2 m long, by Searle’s
method. In a particular reading, the student measures the extension in the length of the wire to be 0.8 mm
with an uncertainty of ±0.05 mm at a load of exactly 1.0 kg. The student also measures the diameter of the
wire to be 0.4 mm with an uncertainty of ±0.01 mm. Take g = 9.8 m/s2 (exact). The Young’s modulus
obtained from the reading is
(1) (2.0 ± 0.3) × 1011 N/m2 (2*) (2.0 ± 0.2) × 1011 N/m2
(3) (2.0 ± 0.1) × 1011 N/m2 (4) (2.0 ± 0.05) × 1011 N/m2
Bhd 2 m yEcs ,d rkj dk ;ax çR;kLFkrk xq.kkad fudkyus ds fy;s ,d fo|kFkhZ lyZ dh fof/k dk mi;ksx djrs gq, ,d ç;ksx
djrk gSA ,d fo'ks"k iBu ysrs gq, og ± 0.05 mm dh vfuf'prrk ds lkFk rkj dh yEckbZ esa o`f) dks 0.8 mm ukirk
gS tcfd yVdk gqvk Hkkj Bhd 1.0 kg gSA fo|kFkhZ rkj ds O;kl dks Hkh ukirk gS tks ±0.01 mm dh vfuf'prrk ds lkFk
0.4mm ik;k tkrk gSA g dk eku Bhd (exact) 9.8 m/s2 ysrs gq,] bu izs{k.k ls çkIr ;ax çR;kLFkrk xq.kkad gSA
(1) (2.0 ± 0.3) × 1011 N/m2 (2*) (2.0 ± 0.2) × 1011 N/m2
(3) (2.0 ± 0.1) × 1011 N/m2 (4) (2.0 ± 0.05) × 1011 N/m2
AIPMTME -6
9. Student ,  and  perform an experiment for measuring the acceleration due to gravity (g) using a simple
pendulum. They use different lengths of the pendulum and /or record time for different number of oscillations.
The observations are shown in the table.
Least count for length = 0.1 cm
Least count for time = 0.1 s
Length of the Number of Total time for Time period

Student
pendulum (cm) oscillations (n) (n) oscillations (s) (s)
 64.0 8 128.0 16.0
 64.0 4 64.0 16.0
 20.0 4 36.0 9.0
 g 
If E, E and E are the percentage errors in g, i.e.,  g  100  for students ,  and , respectively,,
 
(1) E = 0 (2*) E is minimum
(3) E = E (4) E is maximum
fo|kFkhZ I, II rFkk III, ,d ljy yksyd ds }kjk] xq:Roh; Roj.k (g) dks ekius dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA os vyx&vyx yackbZ dk
yksyd mi;ksx djrs gSa rFkk@vFkok] vyx&vyx la[;k ds nksyuksa dk le; ekirs gSaA izs{k.kksa dks fuEu rkfydk esa n'kkZ;k x;k
gS A
yEckbZ dk vYirekad = 0.1 cm
le; dk vYirekad = 0.1 s
y ksy d d h y ackbZ nksy uksad h l a[;k (n) nksy uksad k d qy

fo| kFkhZ v korZd ky (s)
(cm) (n) l e; (s)
I 64.0 8 128.0 16.0
II 64.0 4 64.0 16.0
III 20.0 4 36.0 9.0
 g
 
;fn fo|kFkhZ I, II rFkk III ds fy, g dh çfr'kr =kqfV   100  Øe'k% EI, EII rFkk EIII gS] rks[JEE 2008, 3/163, –1]
 g 
(1) EI = 0 (2*) EI U;wure gS
(3) EI = EII (4) EII egÙke gS
10. A vernier calipers has 1 mm marks on the main scale. It has 20 equal division on the Vernier scale which
match with 16 main scale divisions. For this Vernier calipers, the least count is :
(1) 0.02 mm (2) 0.05 mm (3) 0.1 mm (4*) 0.2 mm
,d ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ds eq[; Ldsy ij 1mm ds fu'kku gSA blds ofuZ;j Ldsy ij 20 leku Hkkx gS tks eq[; Ldsy ds 16
Hkkxksa ls esy [kkrs gSA bl ofuZ;j dSyhilZ dk vYiekad gS &
(1) 0.02 mm (2) 0.05 mm (3) 0.1 mm (4*) 0.2 mm
AIPMTME -7
11. A meter bridge is set-up as shown, to determine an unknown resistance ‘X’ using a standard 10 ohm resistor.
The galvanometer shows null point when tapping-key is at 52 cm mark. The end-corrections are 1 cm and 2
cm respectively for the ends A and B. The determined value of ‘X’ is :
(1) 10.2 ohm (2*) 10.6 ohm (3) 10.8 ohm (4) 11.1 ohm
vKkr çfrjks/k 'X' dks ekywe djus ds fy, 10 ohm ds ekud çfrjks/k dk mi;ksx djds ,d ehVj&fczt dks yxk;k x;k gS
¼fp=k nsf[k;s½A VSfiax&dqath dks 52 cm fu'kku ij j[kus ij xsyokuksehVj esa null-point çkIr gksrk gSA A o B fljksa ij end-
corrections Øe'k% 1 cm o 2 cm gSaA Kkr fd;k x;k 'X' dk eku gS
(1) 10.2 ohm (2*) 10.6 ohm (3) 10.8 ohm (4) 11.1 ohm
12. The density of a solid ball is to be determined in an experiment. The diameter of the ball is measured with a
screw gauge, whose pitch is 0.5 mm and there are 50 divisions on the circular scale. The reading on the main
scale is 2.5 mm and that on the circular scale is 20 divisions. If the measured mass of the ball has a relative
error of 2%, the relative percentage error in the density is
,d Bksl xsan dk ?kuRo ,d ç;ksx ls fu/kkZfjr gksuk gSA xsan dk O;kl ,d LØw&xst] ftldk fip 0.5 mm gS rFkk ftlds
o`Rrh; iSekus ij 50 Hkkx gS] }kjk ekik tkrk gSA eki esa eq[; iSekus dk eku 2.5 mm rFkk o`Rrh; iSekus dk eku 20 Hkkx
gSA ;fn xsan ds ekis x;s nzO;eku esa lkis{k =kqfV 2% gS] rc ?kuRo esa lkis{k =kqfV gS
(1) 0.9% (2) 2.4% (3*) 3.1% (4) 4.2%
13. Consider a vernier callipers in which each 1 cm on the main scale is divided into 8 equal divisions and a
screw gauge with 100 divisions on its circular scale. In the vernier callipers, 5 divisions of the vernier scale
coincide with 4 division on the main scale and in the screw gauge, one complete rotation of the circular scale
moves it by two divisions on the linear scale. Then,
(1) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
gauge is 0.01mm.
(2*) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers, the least count of the
screw gauge is 0.005mm.
(3) If the least count of the linear scale of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the vernier callipers, the
least count of the screw gauge is 0.005 mm.
(4) None of these
AIPMTME -8
,d ofuZ;j dSyhilZ esa eq[; iSekus dk 1 cm, 8 cjkcj Hkkxksa esa foHkDr gS rFkk ,d isapekih ds o`Ùkkdkj iSekus ij 100 Hkkx
gSA ofuZ;j dSyhilZ esa ofuZ;j iSekus ij 5 leku Hkkx gS tks eq[; iSekus ds 4 Hkkxksa ls iwjh rjg feyrs gS (laikrh gksrs gS)
A isapekih esa o`Ùkkdkj iSekus ds ,d iwjs pDdj ls js[kh; iSekus ij 2 Hkkxksa dh nwjh r; gksrh gSA rc
(1) ;fn iaaspekih dk pwM+h vUrjky ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ds vYirekad dk nks xquk gS] rc isapekih dk vYirekad 0.01mm gSA
(2*) ;fn iaaspekih dk pwM+h vUrjky ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ds vYirekad dk nks xquk gS] rc isapekih dk vYirekad 0.005mm gSA
(3) ;fn iap a ekih dk vYirekad 0.005 mm gSA
sa ekih ds js[kh; iSekus dk vYirekad ofuZ;j dSyhilZ ds vYirekad dk nksxuq k gS] rks isp
(4) buesa ls dksbZ ugh
14. The energy of a system as a function of time t is given as E(t) = A2 exp(–at), where a = 0.2s–1. The measurement
of A has an error of 1.25%. If the error in the measurement of time is 1.50%, the percentage error in the value
of E(t) at t = 5 s is
,d fudk; dh le; t ij ÅtkZ E(t) = A2 exp(–t) Qyu }kjk nh tkrh gS, tgk¡  = 0.2s–1 gSaA A ds ekiu esa 1.25%
dh izfr'kr =kqfV gSA ;fn le; ds ekiu esa 1.50% dh =kqfV gS rc t = 5 s ij E(t) ds eku esa izfr'kr =kqfV gksxhA
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4*) 4
PART - I : AIPMT QUESTION (PREVIOUS YEARS )
Hkkx - I : AIPMT ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

1. If the error in the measurement of radius of a sphere is 2%, then the error in the determination of volume of the
sphere will be [AIPMT-2008]
(1) 4% (2*) 6% (3) 8% (4) 2%
;fn fdlh xksys ds f=kT;k ekiu esa 2% dh =kqfV gsbZ gks] rks xksys ds vk;ru ds ifjdyu esa =kqfV gksxh [AIPMT-2008]
(1) 4% dh (2*) 6% dh (3) 8% dh (4) 2% dh
2. A student measures the distance traversed in free fall of a body, initially at rest, in a given time. He uses this
data to estimate g, the acceleration due to gravity. If the maximum percentage errors in measurement of the
distance and the time are e1 and e2 respectively, the percentage error in the estimation of g is [AIPMT-2009]
,d fo|kFkhZ fn, le; esa] fojkekoLFkk ls eqDr :i ls fxjrh gqbZ oLrq }kjk r; dh nwjh dks ukirk gS bu vk¡dMksa dh lgk;rk
ls xq:Roh; Roj.k g dh x.kuk djrk gS ;fn nwjh rFkk le; esa izfr'kr =kqfV Øe'k% e1 rFkk e2 gSa] rks g esa vf/kdre izfr'kr
=kqfV gksxh [AIPMT-2009]
(1) e2 – e1 (2*) e1 + 2e2 (3) e1 + e2 (4) e1 – 2e2
PART - II : OTHER PMT EXAM QUESTION (PREVIOUS YEARS )

Hkkx - II : OTHER PMT EXAM ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u
1. Unit of diploe moment is : [RPMT-2001]
(1) -amp-m (2*) coulomb-m (3) amp-m 2
(4) coulomb-m 2
f}/kzo vk?kw.kZ dh bdkbZ D;k gS% [RPMT-2001]

- 2 2
(1) A –m (2*) C -m (3) A – m (4) C – m
AIPMTME -9
2. A body of uniform cross-sectional area floats in a liquid od density thrice its value. The fraction of exposed
height will be : [RPMT-2005]
,d leku vuqizLFk ifjPNsn {ks=kQy dh ,d OkLrq vius ?kuRo ls rhu xqus ?kuRo ds nzo esa rSjrh gSA oLrq dh dqy ÅpkbZ
dk fdruk Hkkx nzo ds Åij gksxk\ [RPMT-2005]
2 5 1 1
(1*) (2) (3) (4)
3 6 6 3
3. The length, breadth and thickness of a block are given by l = 12cm, b = 6 cm and t = 2.45 cm. The volume
of the block according to the idea of significant figures should be : [RPMT-2006]
(1) 1× 102 cm3 (2*) 2 × 102 cm3 (3) 1.763 × 102 cm3 (4) none of these
,d CykWd dh yEckbZ l = 12 lseh, pkSMkbZ b = 6 lseh rFkk eksVkbZ t = 2.45 lseh gSA lkFkZd vadksa dh vfHk/kkj.kk ds vuqlkj
CykWd dk vk;ru gksxk %
(1) 1× 102 lseh3 (2*) 2 × 102 lseh3 (3) 1.763 × 102 lseh3 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
4. An ice-cube of density 900 kg/m3 is floating in water of density 1000 kg/m3. The percentage of volume of ice-
cube outside the water is : [RPMT-2006]
(1) 20% (2) 35% (3*) 10% (4) None of these
,d fee'kSy ftldk ?kuRo 900 fdxzk/eh3 gS] 1000 fdxzk/eh3 ?kuRo ds ty esa rSjrk gSA fge'kSy dk fdruk vk;ru ty ds
ckgj gS \
(1) 20% (2) 35% (3*) 10% (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugh
5. In an experiment four quantities a, b, c and d are measured with percentage error 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%
respectively. Quantity P is calculated as follows :
fdlh iz;ksx esa pkj jkf'k;kas a, b, c rFkk d ds ekiu ¼ukius½ esa Øe'k% 1%, 2%, 3% rFkk 4% dh =kqfV gksrh gSA ,d jkf'k
P dk eku fuEufyf[kr :i esa ifjdfyr fd;k tkrk gS : [NEET_2013]
a 3b 2
P=
cd
% error in P is :
rks P ds ekiu esa izfr'kr (%) =kqfV gksxh :
(1) 10% (2) 7% (3) 4% (4*) 14%
PART - I : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)
Hkkx - I : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

1. Two full turns of the circular scale of a screw gauge cover a distance of 1mm on its main scale. The total
number of divisions on the circular scale is 50. Further, it is found that the screw gauge has a zero error of
–0.03 mm. While measuring the diameter of a thin wire, a student notes the main scale reading of 3 mm and
the number of circular scale divisions in line with the main scale as 35. The diameter of the wire is :
[AIEEE-2008, 3/105]
(1) 3.32 mm (2) 3.73 mm (3) 3.67 mm (4*) 3.38 mm
AIPMTME - 10
fdlh LØw xst ds o`Ùkh; iSekus ds nks iw.kZ Qsajkas }kjk blds eq[; iSekus ij r; dh xbZ nwjh 1mm gSA o`Ùkh; iSekus ij dqy
Hkkxksa dh la[;k 50 gSA lkFk gh ;g Hkh ik;k tkrk gS fd LØw xst esa –0.03 mm dh 'kwU;kad =kqfV gSA bl LØw xst }kjk fdlh
irys rkj dk O;kl ekirs le; dksbZ fo|kFkhZ eq[; iSekus dk ikB~;kad 3 mm rFkk o`Ùkh; iSekus ds 35 osa Hkkx dks eq[; iSekus
dh ykbu esa irk gSA rc rkj dk O;kl gS& [AIEEE-2008, 3/105]
(1) 3.32 mm (2) 3.73 mm (3) 3.67 mm (4*) 3.38 mm
2. An experiment is performed to find the refractive index of glass using a travelling microscope. In this experi-
ment distance is measured by [AIEEE-2008, 3/105]
(1*) a vernier scale provided on the microscope
(2) a standard laboratory scale
(3) a metal scale provided on the microscope
(4) a screw gauge provided on the microscope
py lw{en'khZ dk mi;ksx djds dk¡p dk viorZukad Kkr djus dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bl iz;ksx esa nwfj;ksa dh eki dh
tkrh gS & [AIEEE-2008, 3/105]
(1*) lw{en'khZ ij iznku fd, x, ofuZ;j iSekus }kjk
(2) ekud iz;ksx'kkyk iSekus }kjk
(3) lw{en'khZ ij iznku fd, x, ehVj iSekus }kjk
(4) lw{en'khZ ij iznku fd, x, LØw xst }kjk
3. In an experiment the angles are required to be measured using an instrument. 29 divisions of the main scale
exactly coincide with the 30 divisions of the vernier scale. If the smallest division of the main scale is
half-a-degree ( 0.5°), then the least count of the instrument is: [AIEEE-2009, 4/144]
(1) half minute (2) one degree (3) half degree (4*) one minute
,d iz;ksx esa ,d midj.k }kjk dks.k ekius dh vko';drk gksrh gSA bl midj.k esa eq[; iSekus ds 29 Hkkx ofuZ;j iSekus
ds 30 Hkkxksa ds ;FkkrFk laikrh gSA ;fn eq[; iSekus dk y?kqÙke Hkkx vk/ks va'k (0.5°) ds cjkcj gS] rc bl midj.k dk
vYirekad gS % [AIEEE-2009, 4/144]
(1) vk/kk feuV (2) ,d va'k (3) vk/kk va'k (4*) ,d feuV
4. In an optics experiment, with the position of the object fixed, a student varies the position of the convex lens
and for each position, the screen is adjusted to get a clear image of the object. A graph between the object
distance u and the image distance v, from the lens, is plotted using the same scale for the two axes. A
straight line passing through the origin and making an angle of 45° with the x-axis meets the experimental
curve at P. The coordinates of P will be: [AIEEE-2009, 4/144]
f f
(1)  2 , 2  (2) (f, f) (3) (4f, 4f) (4*) (2f, 2f)
 
,d izdkf'kd ds iz;ksx esa] ,d oLrq dh fLFkfr dks fLFkj j[krs gq, ,d fo|kFkhZ ,d mÙky ysal dh fLFkfr esa ifjorZu djrk
gS vkSj izR;sd voLFkk ds fy, oLrq ds Li"V izfrfcEc gsrq insZ dks O;ofLFkr djrk gSA ysUl ls oLrq nwjh u vkSj izfrfcEc nwjh
v ds chp xzkQ nksuksa v{kksa ij ,d leku Ldsy ysdj vkjsf[kr fd;k tkrk gSA ewy fcUnq ls xqtjus okyh ljy js[kk] tks fd
x-v{k ls 45° dks.k cukrh gS] izk;ksfxd oØ ls P ij feyrh gaSA P ds funs'kkZad gaS % [AIEEE-2009, 4/144]
f f
(1)  2 , 2  (2) (f, f) (3) (4f, 4f) (4*) (2f, 2f)
 
5. The respective number of significant figures for the numbers 23.023, 0.0003 and 2.1 × 10–3 are
(1*) 5, 1, 2 (2) 5, 1, 5 (3) 5, 5, 2 (4) 4, 4, 2
la[;kvksa 23.023, 0.0003 vkSj 2.1 × 10 esa lkFkZd vadks dh Øe'k% la[;k gS
–3 [AIEEE-2010, 4/144, –1]
(1*) 5, 1, 2 (2) 5, 1, 5 (3) 5, 5, 2 (4) 4, 4, 2
AIPMTME - 11
6. A screw gauge gives the following reading when used to measure the diameter of a wire .
Main scale reading : 0 mm
Circular scale reading : 52 division
Given that 1 mm on main scale corresponds to 100 divisions of the circular scale.
The diameter of wire from the above data is : [AIEEE - 2011, 4/120, –1]
(1) 0.52 cm (2*) 0.052 cm (3) 0.026 cm (4) 0.005 cm
,d rkj dk O;kl ukius esa fd;s x;s LØwxst ds iz;ksx ls fuEufyf[kr ekiu vk;s
eq[; Ldsy ikB~;kad : 0 feeh-
o`Ùkh; Ldsy ikB~;kad : 52 Hkkx
fn;k gS fd eq[; Ldsy ij 1 feeh- o`Ùkh; Ldsy ds 100 Hkkxksa ds laxr gSaA
mijksDr MkVk ls rkj dk O;kl gS : [AIEEE - 2011, 4/120, –1]
(1) 0.52 cm (2*) 0.052 cm (3) 0.026 cm (4) 0.005 cm
7. If 400  of resistance is made by adding four 100 resistances of tolerance 5%, then the tolerance of the
combination is : [AIEEE 2011, 11 May; 4, –1]
(1*) 5% (2) 10 % (3) 15 % (4) 20 %
;fn lárk 5% okys 100  ds pkj izfrjks/kdksa dks tksMdj 400 dk izfrjks/kd cuk;k tkrk gS] rc la;kstu dh lárk gSA
(1*) 5% (2) 10 % (3) 15 % (4) 20 %
L
8. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is T = 2 g . Measured value of L is 20.0 cm known to 1 mm
accuracy and time for 100 oscillations of the pendulum is found to be 90s using a wrist watch of 1s resolution.
The accuracy in the determination of g is : [JEE(Main)-2015; 4/120, –1]
L
fdlh ljy yksyd dk vkorZ, T = 2 g gSA L dk ekfir eku 20.0 cm gS] ftldh ;FkkFkZrk 1 mm gSA bl yksyd ds
100 nksyuksa dk le; 90s gS] ftls 1s foHksnu dh ?kM+h ls ekik x;k gS] rks g ds fu/kkZj.k esa ;FkkZFkrk gksxh %
(1) 2% (2*) 3% (3) 1% (4) 5%
AIPMTME - 12

HKKX Fo"K Kred Iz'U: Part - I: Subjective Questions

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HKKX Fo"K Kred Iz'U: Part - I: Subjective Questions

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Measurement Error and Experiment

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

2. Find significant figures in the following observations -

fuEu çs{k.kksa esa lkFkZd vad Kkr djks &

3. Round off the following numbers within three significant figures -

PART - II : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

9. The mass of a ball is 1.76 kg. The mass of 25 such balls is

14. For arrangement (a), the measured resistance is

15. For arrangement (b), the measured resistance is

ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

(1*) x (2) x/4 (3) 4x (4) 2x

(1) B and C (2) C and D (3*) A and D (4) B1 and C1

(1) B rFkk C (2) C rFkk D (3*) A rFkk D (4) B1 rFkk C1

(1) 2.25 mm (2) 2.20 mm (3*) 1.20 mm (4) 1.25 mm

Length of the Number of Total time for Time period

y ksy d d h y ackbZ nksy uksad h l a[;k (n) nksy uksad k d qy

PART - I : AIPMT QUESTION (PREVIOUS YEARS )

Hkkx - I : AIPMT ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

PART - II : OTHER PMT EXAM QUESTION (PREVIOUS YEARS )

f}/kzo vk?kw.kZ dh bdkbZ D;k gS% [RPMT-2001]

PART - I : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - I : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

(1) 2% (2*) 3% (3) 1% (4) 5%

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