QUOTE OF THE DAY

“Nature is not mute, it is man who is deaf.”

We were born to be a part of nature and by ignoring this truth we are definitely moving
far away from reality into a world where we are seeking solutions to problems created by
our ignorance.
 Episode-2.0

AP-315 BUILDING SERVICES-IV

(MECHANICAL TRANSPORT,BMS,COMMUNICATION AND HVAC)
 STORY TELLING
The Indian architect Charles Correa points out that in the twentieth century, architects
have depended more and more on the mechanical engineer to provide light and air within
the building. But in India, we cannot afford to squander resources in this manner – which is
of course actually an advantage, for it means that the building itself must, through its very
form, create the ‘controls’ which the user needs. Such a response necessitates much more
than just sun angles and louvers; it must involve the section, the plan, the shape, in short,
the very heart of the building.
In this approach architecture truly serves as a passive-energy device, and its integration
into a specific culture becomes vitally understood.
Air is one of the four major classical elements and vital to human life. Ventilating an interior
space is essential, yet most people know very little about the reasons we need constant air
exchanges in buildings.
 VENTILATION

“Man’s own breath i s hi s greatest enemy.”

VENTILATION SYSTEMS
 Outline of This lecture PRECAP
Trailer..
VENTILATION SYSTEMS
NATURAL & MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS
BASEMENT VENTILATION SYSTEMS
CAR PARKING VENTILATION SYATEMS
TOILET VENTILATION SYSTEMS
KITCHEN/PANTRY VENTILATION SYSTEMS
DUCT WORK-TYPES OF FAN

Typical systems of mechanical ventilation

ASSIGNMENT-4
 FUNDAMENTALS OF BUILDING VENTILATION
Why is it necessary to ventilate?

Air for breathing

Adult man has frequency of breathing typically 12-18 times per minute
Oxygen consumption varies between 250 – 350 ml/min

Respiration
Into lungs (atmospheric air) - 21 % O2, 78 % N2, 0.03 % CO2
Out from lungs - 16 % O2, 79 % N2, 4 % CO2 (plus water vapour)
 FUNDAMENTALS OF BUILDING VENTILATION
Pollutants production
Men activity
Carbon dioxide – CO2, water vapor
 Equipment
Furniture, flooring, –VOC -Volatile Organic Compounds (carbon-based compounds
that easily evaporate)
 Technology
 Animals
 Outside pollutant sources
Traffic – CO, NHx, …
Earth – radon released from soil, dangerous in case of accumulation in homes and
long exposure to it
 Why Do We Talk about Ventilation Now

Indoor environment in a room has to meet level suitable for people and theirs
activity.

In an industrial building ventilation requirements may relate also to industrial

processes.

In an agricultural building all focus aims to animals.

Ventilation is one of systems keeping habitable environment.

 VENTILATION- Basic principles
General definition:
Ventilation provides exchange of polluted air for fresh outside air or clean air from
neighboring rooms.Ventilation is the process of ‘changing’ or replacing air in any
space to provide high indoor air quality. It is one of the most important factors for
maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in buildings.

How ventilation works

Ventilation requires air flowing between interior and exterior. Thus it is necessary to
start and maintain air flow according to requirements in a ventilated space.
Basically pressure difference is a force starting an air flow.

Ventilation is the intentional introduction of outdoor air into a space.

 VENTILATION
Ventilation describes the means to introduce fresh quality air into a space and
extract exhaust, stale, polluted, or odorous air out of the space. Without proper
ventilation we will not suffocate, but air will start to feel hot and smelly.

Ventilation is usually designed to provide minimum air exchange rate standards.

Rates are considered more a quantitative than a qualitative issue, and therefore
more an engineering concern than a concern for design.

Mechanical ventilation on the other hand works

against these natural flows by trying to mix hot and
cold air by force, while the air is attempting to
separate and stratify by nature.
 VENTILATION

• Keep fresh air for respiratory system.

• Preserve correct level Of Oxygen in the air.
• Control Carbon Dioxide.
• Control the moisture level.
• Lowering the heat level.
• Remove dust and odors.
• Air changes per hour or ventilation rate is
the preferred criteria for system design.
• This is calculated by dividing the quantity of
air by the room volume and multiplying by
the occupancy.
 VENTILATION SYSTEMS
Natural ventilation is the intentional passive flow of outdoor air into a building through planned openings
(such as louvers, doors, and windows). Natural ventilation does not require mechanical systems to
move outdoor air.

Natural Mechanical Mixed-mode

ventilation ventilation Ventilation
hybrid ventilation

Mechanical ventilation is the intentional fan driven flow of outdoor air into a building. Pressure
difference is caused by dynamic pressure of a fan. Mechanical ventilation systems may include supply fans
(which push outdoor air into a building), exhaust fans (which draw air out of building and thereby cause equal
ventilation flow into a building), or a combination of both.

Mixed-mode ventilation systems use both mechanical and natural processes. The mechanical and
natural components may be used at the same time, or at different times of day, or in different seasons of the
year. natural ventilation flow depends on environmental conditions, it may not always provide an appropriate
amount of ventilation. In this case, mechanical systems may be used to supplement or regulate the naturally
driven flow. Combines both natural and mechanical. If natural ventilation is not able to provide required air
flow rate, than supporting mechanical element starts it operation.
 Typical Fresh Air Requirements AS PER Blue Star

Fresh air
SN Application Smoking Cfm per person
changes/Hr

Recommended Minimum
1 Apartments Some 20 15 1
2 Stores None 7.5 5 1
3 bars Heavy 30 25 3
4 Restaurants Considerable 15 12 2
5 Hotel Rooms Considerable 20 15 2
6 Conference rooms Considerable 20 15 3
7 Theatres None 7.5 5 3
8 Banks Occasional 10 7.5 2
9 Offices Some 15 10 1
10 Computer rooms None 10 7.5 2
11 Factories None 10 7.5 2

ADD ON:FOOTNOTES

Filters are selected according to the degree of cleanliness required, the amount and size of particles to be removed, and acceptable
maintenance requirements. High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) mechanical filters do not lease the collected particles and
therefore can be used for clean rooms and areas where toxic particles are released. HEPA filters significantly increase system
pressure drop, which must be considered when selecting the fan.
NATURAL VENTILATION
 WHAT IS NATURAL VENTILATION?
Natural ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an indoor space
without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of external air to an indoor space as a
result of pressure differences arising from natural forces.
Natural ventilation and air movement can be simply achieved by ‘structural controls’ as it does
not depends on any form of external energy supply or mechanical installation.
Different types of natural ventilation that can be achieved through openings are:
•Single sided ventilation
•Cross ventilation
•Stack ventilation
 BENEFITS-NATURAL VENTILATION
1. Improved Indoor air quality (IAQ)
2. Energy savings
3. Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
4. Occupant control
5. Reduction in occupant illness associated with Sick Building Syndrome
6. Increased worker productivity
Techniques and architectural features used to ventilate buildings and structures
naturally include, but are not limited to:
Operable windows
Night purge ventilation
Clerestory windows and vented skylights
Building orientation
Wind capture façades
 SOME TECHNIQUES NATURAL VENTILATION:
DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES TO ACHIEVE NATURAL VENTILATION
• STACK EFFECT
• WIND TOWER
• COURTYARD EFFECT

EXTERNAL FEATURES:
• ORIENTATION OF BUILDINGS
• POSITION OF OPENINGS
• CROSS VENTILATION
• SIZE OF OPENINGS
• OPENING TYPES
The purpose of providing natural ventilation is to achieve maximum human comfort in
indoor by utilizing maximum natural energy and resources.
 PURPOSE OF NATURAL VENTILATION:
Stack effect Wind tower Courtyard effect

Stack effect depends on thermal Air enters in wind tower through Due to incident solar radiation in
forces and difference in openings-cooled down- a courtyard, air gets warmer
temperature. becomes heavier and sinks and rises , cool air from ground
down level flows through the lower
Reason of stack effect :- •After whole day air exchange – openings radiation to sky
Pressure difference between tower becomes warm in the landscape or water body.
the outside air and the inside air evening .
of the building caused by •Tower walls absorbs heat
difference in temperature. during daytime and releases at
night warming cool night air at
night.
STACK EFFECTS
WIND TOWER
WIND TOWER
 WIND TOWER
The Istanbul-based studio designed its version of the
structure to be zero-waste, assembled from 480 layers
of reclaimed cardboard.

a wind catcher on top of the structure catches the wind

and directs it downwards to bring a cool breeze into the
space.
 WHEN YOUR HOUSE BREATHES THROUGH THE COURTYARD COURTYARD EFFECTS

A great botanist and a philosopher Terence McKenna has truly said,

“Nature is not mute, it is man who is deaf.”

So if you have a big plot and are planning to make a house, don’t forget to place the ‘lungs’ in the center!
WHEN YOUR HOUSE BREATHES THROUGH THE COURTYARD COURTYARD EFFECTS
 MASSING AND ORIENTATION OF BUILDING:

OPENING SIZE:
Pairing a large outlet with a small inlet increases incoming wind speed. Small inlet, large outlet.

OPENING TYPE:
Opening can be any type according to the building type and climatic condition.

CROSS VENTILATION:
Windows or vents placed on opposite sides of
the building give natural breezes a pathway
through the structure.
 MASSING AND ORIENTATION OF BUILDING:
How can you relate the natural ventilation with
this criteria :
1- Indoor Air Quality
2- Energy saving
3- Greenhouse
4- Sick Building Syndrome
Recommendations from design guidelines
from various building regulations suggest
the following:
1. Building orientation and location.
2. Building form and dimensions.
3. Window typologies and operations;
4. Types, shape and size of openings;
5. Construction methods and detailing;
6. Urban planning consideration
 MORE WAYS
Influence of terrain

Wind velocity, turbulence, flow pattern

Building exposure and orientation

Influence of neighboring buildings

 MORE WAYS
Influence building shape

• As a general rule, thin tall buildings will encourage natural ventilation and utilize prevailing winds,
cross ventilation, and stack effect.
• Tall buildings also increase the effectiveness of natural ventilation, because wind speeds are faster
at greater heights tall buildings improve natural ventilation, and in lower latitudes reduce sun
exposure.
Flow direction through building, ventilation intensity
MECHANICAL VENTILATION
 MECHANICAL VENTILATION
WHAT IS MECHANICAL VENTILATION?
Mechanical or ‘forced’ ventilation is a method to mechanically assist or replace indoor
air spontaneously to control indoor air quality.
Excess humidity, odors, and contaminants can often be controlled via dilution or
replacement with outside air with typical air ducts and traverse fans.
Kitchens and bathrooms typically have mechanical exhaust to control odors and
sometimes humidity.

Mechanical ventilation is the intentional fan driven flow of outdoor air into a building.
Pressure difference is caused by dynamic pressure of a fan. Mechanical ventilation
systems may include supply fans (which push outdoor air into a building), exhaust fans (which
draw air out of building and thereby cause equal ventilation flow into a building), or a
combination of both.
 BENEFITS
mechanical ventilation systems circulate fresh air
using ducts and fans rather than relying on airflow
through small holes or crack’s in a home’s wall, roof
or windows. Homeowners can breath easier knowing
their home has a good ventilation.
Benefits of using mechanical ventilation:-

1. Better indoor air quality –can remove pollutants, and moisture

that can cause mold problems
2. More control – provide proper fresh air flow along with
appropriate locations for intake and exhaust
3. Improved comfort – allow a constant flow of outside air into the
home and can also provide
filtration, dehumidification, and conditioning of the incoming
outside air.
 PURPOSES
Basic purposes
Ventilation operable independent (less) on exterior conditions.
High ventilation demand – high rate of pollutants production.
Precise operation control
Temperature and humidity control
These systems employ an electrically driven fan or fans to provide the necessary air
movement;
They also ensure a specified air change and the air under fan pressure can be forced
through filters. There are MAIN three types of mechanical ventilation systems:
1. Natural inlet and mechanical extract (exhaust system).
2. Mechanical inlet and natural extract
3. Mechanical inlet and extract
 AIR PRESSURE IN VENTILATED ROOM
Pressure balanced system – into a ventilated room is being
supplied the same amount of air as it is exhausted from it. No
pressure difference to neighboring rooms.
Under pressure system - into a ventilated room is being
supplied less amount of air than it is exhausted from it.
Pressure balanced system
Negative pressure difference to neighboring rooms – air
permeates into room

Over pressure system - into a

ventilated room is being supplied
more amount of air than it is
exhausted from it. Positive pressure
difference to neighboring rooms – air Under Pressure system

permeates from room.

over Pressure system
 TYPES OF FANS
FANS
-Propeller Fan
does not create much air pressure and has limited effect in ductwork.
Ideal for use at air openings in windows and walls.

- Axial Flow Fan

can develop high pressure and is used for moving air through long
sections of ductwork. The fan is integral with the run of ducting and
does not require a base.

-Centrifugal Fan
can produce high pressure and has the capacity for large volumes of
air. Most suited to larger installations such as air conditioning systems.
It may have one or two inlets.
 TYPES OF FANS

Propeller Fan Centrifugal Fan

Axial Flow Fan

 CATEGORIES
another categorization:
 Relation between ventilated building and MECHANICAL, OR FORCED, VENTILATION IS PROVIDED BY
system: AN AIR HANDLER (AHU) AND USED TO CONTROL INDOOR AIR

Central QUALITY. EXCESS HUMIDITY, ODORS, AND CONTAMINANTS

CAN OFTEN BE CONTROLLED VIA DILUTION OR
Local REPLACEMENT WITH OUTSIDE AIR.
.
KITCHENS AND BATHROOMS TYPICALLY HAVE
Air flow rate:
MECHANICAL EXHAUSTS TO CONTROL ODORS AND
Constant SOMETIMES HUMIDITY.

Variable
CEILING FANS AND TABLE/FLOOR FANS CIRCULATE AIR
WITHIN A ROOM FOR THE PURPOSE OF REDUCING THE
pressure: PERCEIVED TEMPERATURE BY INCREASING EVAPORATION
OF PERSPIRATION ON THE SKIN OF THE OCCUPANTS.
Low pressure
High pressure
Parts of AHU
HYBRID VENTILATION
 HYBRID VENTILATION
1. a hybrid ventilation strategy, sometimes called mixed-mode ventilation.
2. . A scheme designed to use natural ventilation for the majority of occupied hours
can be assisted or augmented by mechanical systems under peak heating or
cooling conditions.
3. In principle, this hybrid solution is able to accommodate greater extremes of
internal heat gains and external temperature fluctuations than can be handled by
a purely natural ventilation strategy
 HYBRID VENTILATION
Hybrid ventilation system
Controlled combination of mechanical and natural ventilation.
Mainly CO2 , (relative humidity)
All air inlets and outlets - low pressure drop
Fans – auxiliary function
Fans and other motorized devices – low energy input
Heat recovery – usually not used, heat pipes heat exchangers are possible
Simpler system, low required service and maintenance

Operation while natural ventilation provides sufficient pressure difference

Transient states operated by mechanical system.

BASEMENT VENTILATION
USED FOR BASEMENT CAR PARKS
 INTRODUCTION
Basement ventilation systems are vital for the elimination of
humidity and air circulation.

In the absence of ventilation, enclosed parking facilities present

several indoor air quality problems.

The most serious is the emission of high levels of carbon

monoxide (CO) by cars within the parking garages.

Other concerns related to enclosed areas are the presence of oil

and gasoline fumes, and other contaminants such as oxides of
nitrogen (NO) and smoke haze from diesel engines.

There are two kinds of ventilation and these are spot ventilation
and indoor air quality (IAQ) ventilation.

Spot ventilation issued to eliminate pollutants, odors and

moisture directly from the source.
 WORKING: BASEMENT VENTILATION
MECHANICAL VENTILATION OF BASEMENTS
Control of Fumes: The rules for mechanical extracts from a basement state that for control
of fumes a system which is capable of limiting the concentration of CO within the car park to
AROUND 25-30 ppm averaged over an eight hour period should be provided.

Smoke Clearance: The regulations for smoke clearance state that the system should have
an extract facility which is split into two parts, each part capable of providing 50% of the
required duty and extracting from both high and low level. Extract fans should be rated at
300°C for one hour. For smoke clearance 10 air changes per hour should be extracted.

Air Change per Hour (ACH): Air change per hour is the number of times the volume within
the car park is extracted within 1 hour. Formula: N = 60Q/Vol, where N is the number of air
changes per hour, Q is volumetric flow rate of air in cfm (cubic feet per minute) and Vol is the
space Volume (l x b x h). [1 cmh (cubic meter/hr) = 0.5883 cfm].
 NEEDS
When cars enter, exit and drive through your enclosed parking garage, they release
toxic and non-toxic gases.

Car engines typically release unburned fuel and fuel particles, various nitrogen oxides
(NOx), carbon monoxide (Cox), carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).So Ventilation
of car parks is important and also to clear smoke in the event of a fire.

HOW DO WE VENTILATE BASMENTS?

There are broadly two methods of complying with the Building Regulations regarding
ventilation and these are by natural or mechanical ventilation.
 PARKING-BASEMENT

Mechanical ventilation systems circulate fresh air using ducts and fans rather than
relying on airflow through small holes or crack’s in a home’s wall, roof or windows.

There are 5 types of mechanical ventilation systems:

1.Ducted mechanical extract systems (for parkings)

2.Jet fans or induction systems

3.Natural inlet and mechanical extract (exhaust system).

4.Mechanical inlet and natural extract

5.Mechanical inlet and extract

 TYPES OF BASEMENT VENTILATION
In an enclosed space, such as underground car park in malls, smoke is a real threat to life and it also causes
significant issues for fire fighters dealing with fire, in case there is a fire breakout. Hence, these places need a
good ventilation system for the removal of exhaust gases and replacing the wasted air with fresh air inside
the car parking space so that the people inside do not get suffocated or choked.
TYPES OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS (BASEMENT)
Ducted System: This systems use sheet metal ductwork to transport the fumes or smoke being
extracted to the external atmosphere. The ducts must be evenly distributed around the car park and
also drop to low level to provide the low level extract points.

Ductless System: by this system momentum is added to the air by installing small unitary fans
under the ceiling to generate thrust. These units reduce the need for running of large ductwork as
they push smoke and fumes to a central extract area. The system consists of:
Induction Fan Unit
Jet Fan Unit
 DUCTED-TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS
Traditional mechanical extract systems use sheet metal ductwork to transport the fumes or smoke
being extracted to the external atmosphere. The ducts must be evenly distributed around the car
park and also drop to low level to provide the low level extract points.
Accommodating large ducts can be problematic due to the low headroom in most car parks and low
level ducts can be subject to damage from vehicles.
 DUCTLESS VENTILATION
DUCTLESS VENTILATION

A series of jet fans and exhaust fans are used in ductless ventilation systems for the removal of
exhaust. The jet fans provide a high velocity to the gas stream entering into it and pass it onto the
next exhaust or jet fan which then releases the gas stream to the outside surrounding while also
replacing it with fresh air from outside.

ADVANTAGE
• The first and foremost advantage that these systems have over ducted ones is that due to the
lack of ducts, it is extremely to install ductless systems in car parking spaces. The time and cost
taken for the installation is also considerably lower.

• The overall height of the basement gets restricted due to the installation height of the ducts and
then the parking space is also convenient for small and medium cars and larger cars do not fit in.
Whereas with ductless systems, one does have to face such issues.

• The jet fans in ductless systems are synced with CO2 detectors and they automatically adjust
themselves to work according to the CO2 level in the parking space. Whereas in ducted
systems, the fresh air and exhaust fans would be required to work all day leading to more energy
consumption.
 JET FAN SYSTEMS
Jet fan, jet thrust, jet vent, impulse or induction systems
All the above are different names for the same basic system Developed in the Netherlands, jet fan systems
originated around 10 years ago and have become increasingly popular as they can overcome many of the
problems associated with sheet metal ductwork.

Fan types Jet thrust fan, jet fan, jet vent fan or
impulse fan:

An axial flow fan mounted within an inlet and outlet

cylindrical silencer, tested as a complete unit, jet fans can
provide up to 50N of thrust. Suitable for most small to
medium sized car parks Induction fan. A centrifugal fan
with an air inlet positioned beneath the body of the fan
and discharging through a reduced size opening, induction
fans can provide up to 100N of thrust.
Careful coordination is required if a sprinkler system is
used. Suitable for medium to large car parks, benefit can
be achieved from the greater coverage area. Attenuation is
not provided on an induction fan.
JET FAN SYSTEMS
 BASEMENT:DUCTLESS VENTILATION

INDUCTION FAN UNIT

JET OR IMPULSE FAN UNIT

BASEMENT:DUCTLESS VENTILATION
 BASEMENT VENTILATION

NATURAL INLET AND MECHANICAL EXTRACT SYSTEMS

This is the most common type of system and is used for kitchens, workshops, laboratories, internal sanitary apartments, garages

and assembly halls.

The fan creates negative pressure on its inlet side, and this causes the air inside the room to move towards the fan, and the room

air is displaced by the fresh air from outside the room.

MECHANICAL INLET AND NATURAL EXTRACT SYSTEMS

It is essential with this system that the air is heated before it is forced into the building.

The system may be used for boiler rooms, offices and certain types of factories.

The air may be heated in a central plant and ducted to the various rooms, or a unit fan convector may be used.

MECHANICAL INLET AND EXTRACT SYSTEMS

•This provides the best possible system of ventilation, but it is also the most expensive and is used for many types of buildings

including cinemas, theatres, offices, lecture theatres, dance halls, restaurants, departmental stores and sports centers.

•The system is essential for operating theatres and sterilizing rooms.

BASEMENT OCCUPANCIES SMOKE VENT
 CFD

CFD- COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODELING

It is a software that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze

problems that involve gas or fluid flows:

Very useful in design of car park ventilation.

Most reliable tool to depict air flow, temperature distribution and visibility without

need for conducting full scale fire test.

The output is as reliable as input.

DUCTS SYSTEM VENTILATION
 DUCT WORK
• DUCTWORK OR DUCTS, ARE CONDUITS, OR TUBES,
THAT TYPICALLY FORM PART OF A VENTILATION
SYSTEM, USED TO CONVEY AIR THROUGHOUT
A BUILDING. AN EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE ELEMENTARY
DUCT IS A FIREPLACE CHIMNEY, USED TO
CONVEY SMOKE TO THE OUTSIDE.

• HARD PIPES USED TO

TRANSFER WATER OR GAS ARE NOT CLASSED AS
DUCTWORK.

• A DUCTWORK SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO DISTRIBUTE

AIRFLOW FROM YOUR HVAC EQUIPMENT TO YOUR
ENTIRE HOME OR COMMERCIAL BUILDING. THIS
ENCOMPASSES THE AIR THAT IS SUCKED FROM THE
WHOLE BUILDING INTO THE AIR CONDITIONER /HEATER
WHERE IT GETS COOLED OR HEATED AND THEN
PUSHED BACK VIA THE DUCTS INTO YOUR LIVING
SPACE.
 DUCT WORK-LAYOUTS
• DUCTWORK LAYOUTS MAY BE VERY COMPLEX, INVOLVING A NUMBER OF SUPPLY AND RETURN DUCTS, THAT BRANCH
TO ALL PARTS OF A BUILDING. TYPICALLY HEATING VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) DUCTING WILL RUN
THROUGH VOIDS ABOVE A SUSPENDED CEILING, SUPPLYING AND EXTRACTING AIR FROM THE
OCCUPIED SPACES BELOW THROUGH DIFFUSER GRILLES. AIR MAY BE DRAWN OR BLOWN THROUGH THE DUCTS BY
FANS OR BY AIR HANDLING UNITS.

• DUCT SIZES ARE CALCULATED BASED ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AIR VOLUME, SIZE, AIR VELOCITY AND
RESISTANCE.
TOILET VENTILATION
 KITCHEN VENTILATION
MECHANICAL VENTILATION OF BATHROOMS
A toilet in its own enclosure should have its own fan. Fans approved for wet areas
should be placed over or very near the shower or tub when possible. Leave fan on for
20 minutes after use of the bathroom.

Fan Types:
Propeller Fan – Limited air capacity and noisy.
Axial Fan – Better air movement but still noisy.
Centrifugal Blower – Works the best.

BATHROOM EXHAUST FAN

 TOILET EXHAUST FAN

AXIAL FAN

Propeller Fan

CENTRIFUFAL FAN
KITCHEN VENTILATION
 KITCHEN VENTILATION
MECHANICAL VENTILATION OF KITCHENS

Kitchen exhaust is one of the most common types of mechanical ventilation. It is

typically operated periodically by the building’s occupants to evacuate heat, moisture,
and kitchen odours.
In order to operate efficiently and without adverse effects, the fan requires a constant
source of air to exhaust.

If there is no dedicated source of outside air then the fan will attempt to draw air in
from the outside through openings in the building enclosure, including cracks,
penetrations, chimney flues and other leakage sites.
 KITCHEN VENTILATION
Home Ventilation Institute Recommendations – Kitchens
Wall Mount Hoods – 100 cfm per foot of width
Island Mount Hoods – 150 cfm per foot of width
Re-circulating Fan in Microwave Combo
 This type of system will only remove two
 Heat
 Steam
Down Draft Ventilation
KITCHEN VENTILATION
The best way to reduce energy consumption is to design for human
comfort by exploiting natural forces around the building site.
 SOME QUESTIONS

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR AP-315 ANNUAL EXAM PREPARATION

 ASSIGNMENT-4

1. Write short note on ventilation system.

2. What is the mechanical ventilation? What is its measure (discuss ACH, CFM, CMH)?

What are its limiting criteria?

3. Explain the ventilation requirements for basements using suitable diagrams, also

explain the criteria's considered for the designing of the same.

Submission of Assignment(s) is compulsory and submit this assignment on before 02.05.2020 at 4.30 pm
MAIL AT:armohdshoeb2010@gmail.com &
Write your name, enrolment number, and subject on the top of the first page.

(Third Year A & B) Building Automation Systems

AP-315 BUILDING SERVICES-IV
(MECHANICAL TRANSPORT, BMS, COMMUNICATION AND HVAC) & INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
 OVER TO YOU
OPEN DISCUSSION
Q&A
 REFRIGERATION CYCLE

VAPOUR ABSORPTION CYCLE

Floor Standing

Ducted Systems

NEXT Episode-3.0 Package Unit

Centralized System

AHU,FAN COIL,RTU

VRV SYSTEMS

TYPES OF HVAC SYSTEM

STREAMING ON 30.04.2020

SECTION B @ 4:00 PM ONWARDS BOTH THE SECTION

AP-315 BUILDING SERVICES-IV

(MECHANICAL TRANSPORT,BMS,COMMUNICATION AND HVAC)
 THANK YOU
Thank you for your attention

Have a great week!

Cheers!
AR.MOHD.SHOEB ALAM