10 POINT CRITERIA OF EVIDENCES OF ITS EXISTENCE YOUR REACTION ABOUT THESE

CIVILIZATION FACTS
GOVERNMENT The first governments of most
city-states were monarchies,
where a king ruled over the
people. These soon led to
another form of government
called an oligarchy, where a few
people held all of the political
power. In a monarchy, a single
person controlled the
government, but in an
oligarchy, a group of people
dominated politics. Oligarchies
were common in many ancient
Greek city-states.
SOCIAL CLASSES Athenian society was ultimately
divided into four main social
classes: the upper class; the
metics, or middle class; the
lower class, or freedmen; and
the slave class. The upper class
consisted of those born to
Athenian parents. They were
considered the citizens of
Athens.
ARTS AND HUMANITIES The art of ancient Greece has
exercised an enormous
influence on the culture of
many countries from ancient
times to the present day.
ECONOMY AND TRADING According to some economic
historians, it was one of the
most advanced preindustrial
economies. This is
demonstrated by the average
daily wage of the Greek worker
which was, in terms of wheat,
about 12 kg.
EDUCATION In all the Greek city-states,
except for Sparta, the purpose
of education was to produce
good citizens. Children were
trained in music, art, literature,
science, math, and politics.
SHELTER The ancient Greeks actually
lived in homes made of sun-
 dried mud bricks.
Unfortunately, their walls
weren't very strong. It was
common for houses to crumble
into pieces, and most had to be
rebuilt. The roofs of the homes
were made of clay tiles and the
windows were small and
covered with wooden shutters.
RELIGION AND BELIEFS The religion of Ancient Greece
was classified as polytheistic,
which means that they believed
in multiple deities. In fact, the
gods and goddesses that we
know as the Olympian Gods
were something that many
religious experts accept as
being at the core of their belief
system.
TRADITION AND CULTURE There were several
interconnected traditions of
painting in ancient Greece. Due
to their technical differences,
they underwent somewhat
differentiated developments.
Not all painting techniques are
equally well represented in the
archaeological record. The most
respected form of art, according
to authors like Pliny or
Pausanias, were individual,
mobile paintings on wooden
boards, technically described as
panel paintings. Also, the
tradition of wall painting in
Greece goes back at least to the
Minoan and Mycenaean Bronze
Age, with the lavish fresco
decoration of sites like Knossos,
Tiryns and Mycenae.
MEGALITHIC STRUCTURE  The Citadel and Lion
Gate at Mycenae
Megalithic Structures.
 Eupalinos Tunnel
(Aqueduct) Megalithic
Monument.
 Megalithic Structure of
 the Fort of Tiryns.
 “Dragonhouse” of Ochi
Megalithic Structure.
 Megalithic Pyramid of
Argos.
 The Arcadian Megalithic
Gate, Messini.
WARFARE AND MILITARY When battles occurred, they
TECHNIQUE were usually set piece and
intended to be decive.
Casualties were slight compared
to later battles, rarely
amounting to more than 5% of
the losing side, but the slain
often included the most
prominent citizens and generals
who led from the front.