MASS BALANCE EQUIPMENT FOR REACTOR (R-100)

STREAM
STREAM11
Main Reaction : C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl2 STREAM
STREAM33

Side Reactionnn:11C,C
2H22H
,C Cl442(Ethylene)
4H +(Ethylene)
Cl2 C2H3Cl3 + HCl

nn11,,CC22HH44==202.7628
202.7628 nn3,3,CC22HH44(Ethylene)
(Ethylene)
kmol/hr
kmol/hr REACTOR
REACTOR nn44,,Cl
Cl22(Chlorine)
(Chlorine)
nn5,5,ClCH
ClCH44Cl
Cl22(1,2
(1,2––
STREAM
STREAM22 diachloroethane)
diachloroethane)
nn66,,HCl
HCl(Hydrogen
(HydrogenChloride)
Chloride)
nn77,,CC22HH33Cl
Cl33 (1,1,2
(1,1,2––
nn22,Cl
,Cl22(Chlorine)
(Chlorine) trichloroethane)
trichloroethane)
nn11,,Cl
Cl22==202.7628
202.7628
kmol/hr
kmol/hr
Assumptions

1. The overall conversion of Ethylene is 95.4%

2. The selectivity is 90%
3. There is no accumulation in the Reactor – 100
4. The condition is in a steady state
5. No catalyst involved in the Reactor – 100

Performing Degree-Of-Freedom Analysis 

6 unknown variables (Stream 3, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7) 
+ 2 independents chemical reactions (main reactions and side reactions) 
- 5 independent molecular species balances (C2H4, Cl2, C2H4Cl2, HCl, C2H3Cl3) 
- 2 other equation reacting unknown variables (extend reaction involves with unknown
variables) 
- 1 total mass balance equation (mass in = mass out) 
     0 Degree Of Freedom (Material balance of the equipment is possible)
Reactor Outlet Stream
Ethylene (C2H4) ; n 3 = n1 – ξ 1
Chlorine (Cl2) ; n4 = n2 – ( ξ1 + ξ2 )
1,2 – Diachloroethane (C2H4Cl2) ; n5 = ξ1 - ξ2
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) ; n6 = ξ 2
1,1,2 – Trichloroethane (C2H3Cl3) ; n7 = ξ 2

Extend of Reaction

Total Conversion : ξ1 + ξ2 = 95.4% = 0.954 × n1 -------------- Equation 1

Selectivity : ξ1 = 90% = 0.90 (ξ1 + ξ2) --------------- Equation 2

: ξ2 = 1-0.90 = 0.10

: ξ2 = 0.10 ( ξ1 + ξ2 ) ---------------- Equation 3

SAMPLE OF CALCULATION ;
From Equation 2 sub into Equation 1 ;

ξ1 = 0.90 × ( ξ1 + ξ2 )

ξ1 = 0.90 × ( 0.954 × n1 )

kmol
ξ1 = 0.90 × ( 0.954 × 202.7628 )
hr

kmol
ξ1 = 174.0921
hr

From Equation 3 sub into Equation 1 ;

ξ2 = 0.10 ( ξ1 + ξ2)

ξ2 = 0.10 × ( 0.954 × n1 )

kmol
ξ2 = 0.10 × ( 0.954 × 202.7628 )
hr

kmol
ξ2 = 19.3436
hr

Then, find the calculation for ξ1 and ξ2 ;

A. For Ethylene (C2H4) ; n3 = n1 – ξ1

n3 = n1 – ξ1
kmol kmol
n3 = 202.7628 – 174.0921
hr hr
kmol
n3 = 28.6707
hr

B. For Chlorine (Cl2) ; n 4 = n2 – ( ξ 1 + ξ 2 )

n4 = n2 – (ξ1 + ξ2)
kmol kmol kmol
n4 = 202.7628 – ( 174.0921 + 19.3436 )
hr hr hr
kmol
n4 = 9.3271
hr
 C. For 1,2 – diachloroethane (C2H4Cl2) ; n5 = ξ1 - ξ2
n5 = ξ1 - ξ2
kmol kmol
n5 = 174.0921 – 19.3436
hr hr
kmol
n5 = 154.7485
hr

D. For Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) ; n6 = ξ 2

n6 = ξ2
kmol
n6 = 19.3436
hr

E. For 1,1,2 – trichloroethane (C2H3Cl3) ; n7 = ξ2

n7 = ξ2
kmol
n7 = 19.3436
hr

Then, find Mass Flowrate for each component ;

INLET STREAM 1 ; m1 (Ethylene) = n1, C2H4 × MW, C2H4

kmol kmol
m1 (Ethylene) = 202.7628 × 28.05
hr hr

kmol
m1 (Ethylene) = 5687.4965
hr

INLET STREAM 2 ; m2 (Chlorine) = n2, Cl2 × MW, Cl2

kmol kmol
m2 (Chlorine) = 202.7628 × 70.906
hr hr

kmol
m2 (Chlorine) = 14377.0991
hr

OUTLET STREAM 3 ; m3 (Ethylene) = n3,C2H4 × MW, C2H4

kmol kmol
m3 (Ethylene) = 28.6707 × 28.05
hr hr
 kmol
m3 (Ethylene) = 804.2120
hr

OUTLET STREAM 3 ; m4 (Chlorine) = n4,Cl2 × MW, Cl2

kmol kmol
m4 (Chlorine) = 9.3271 × 70.906
hr hr

kmol
m4 (Chlorine) = 661.3466
hr

OUTLET STREAM 3 ; m5 (1,2 - diachloroethane) = n5,C2CH4Cl2 × MW, C2CH4Cl2

kmol kmol
m5 (1,2 - diachloroethane) = 154.7486 × 98.96
hr hr

kmol
m5 (1,2 - diachloroethane) = 15313.9184
hr

OUTLET STREAM 3 ; m6 (Hydrogen Chloride) = n6,Cl2 × MW, Cl2

kmol kmol
m6 (Hydrogen Chloride) = 19.3436 × 34.46
hr hr

kmol
m6 (Hydrogen Chloride) = 705. 2666
hr

OUTLET STREAM 3 ; m7 (1,1,2 - trichloroethane) = n7,C2H3Cl3 × MW,C2H3Cl3

kmol kmol
m7 (1,1,2 - trichloroethane) = 19.3436 × 133.40
hr hr

kmol
m7 (1,1,2 - trichloroethane) = 2580.4324
hr

Then, find the Mass Flow In = Out ;

MASS FLOW IN = MASS FLOW OUT

 m 1 + m 2 = m 3 + m4 + m 5 + m6 + m 7

kmol kmol kmol kmol

5687.4965 + 14377.0991 = 804.2120 + 661.3466 + 15313.9184
hr hr hr hr

kmol
hr

kmol kmol
+ 705. 2666 + 2580.4324
hr hr

kmol kmol
20064.5956 = 20065.1760
hr hr