SOMELAYTERMSFORMEDI

CALCONDI
TIONS

Medi
cal
condi
ti
ons:
Layt
erm

Acut
ecer
ebr
ovascul
arev
ent-st
roke

Ar
rhy
thmi
a-pal
pit
ati
ons

Dy
spnoea-br
eat
hlessness

Fr
act
uredneckoff
emur-br
okenhi
p

Haemat
emesi
s-v
omi
ti
ngbl
ood

Haemat
uri
a-bl
oodi
ntheur
ine

I
nsomni
a-t
roubl
ewi
thsl
eepi
ng

I
nter
mit
tentcl
audi
cat
ion-pai
nsi
nthebackoft
hel
egswhenwal
ki
ng

My
ocar
dial
inf
arct
ion-hear
tat
tack

Noct
uri
a-needi
ngt
opassur
ine(
wat
er)atni
ght

Anal
gesi
cs-pai
nki
l
ler
s
Ant
i-
depr
essant
s-t
abl
etst
oimpr
ovey
ourmood

Ant
i-
inf
lammat
ori
es-medi
cinet
oreduceswel
l
ing

Br
oncho-
dil
ator-asubst
ancewhi
chcausest
heai
rway
stoopen

upDMARDs(
diseasemodi
fyi
ng-pi
l
lst
hathel
pst
opar
thr
it
ispr
ogr
essi
ng

ant
i-
rheumat
icdr
ugs)

Di
uret
ics-wat
ert
abl
ets

Hy
per
tensi
onmedi
cat
ion-pi
l
lsf
orbl
oodpr
essur
e

Hy
pnot
ics-sl
eepi
ngt
abl
ets

or
alcont
racept
ives-t
hepi
l
l

OETVOCABULARYFORDOCTORS

Abat
ement=adecr
easei
nthesev
eri
tyofapai
n/sy
mpt
om.

Aber
rat
ion=dev
iat
ionf
rom t
henor
mal
orexpect
ed
Abnor
mal
=var
yingf
rom whati
sregul
arorneut
ral

Abor
t=t
oter
minat
eapr
ocessoradi
seasebef
orei
thasr
uni
tsnor
mal
cour
se.

Abr
asi
on=asuper
fi
cial
inj
urywher
etheski
n/mucousmembr
anei
srubbedort
orn

Abr
eact
ion=t
her
eli
evi
ngofapai
nful
exper
iencewi
tht
her
eleaseofr
epr
essedemot
ion

Accessor
y=suppl
ement
ary

Account
abl
e=l
i
abl
etobehel
dresponsi
blef
oracour
seofact
ion

Aqual
i
fiednur
sehasadut
yofcar
eaccor
dingt
olaw.

Nur
sesar
eaccount
abl
etot
hei
rpat
ient
s,t
hei
rpeer
sandt
hei
rempl
oyi
ngaut
hor
it
y.

Ache=adul
lcont
inuouspai
n

Acoust
ic=r
elat
ingt
osoundort
hesenseofhear
ing

Acr
ophobi
a=mor
bidt
err
orofbei
ngathei
ght

Act
ivator=asubst
ance/hor
mone/enzy
met
hatst
imul
atesachemi
cal
change.I
nchemi
str
ya
Cat
alyst

Acut
e=sudden,
sev
ereorshor
tdur
ati
on
Adapt
ati
on=Gr
adual
dev
elopmentt
oAl
tint
oone’
senv
ironment

Addict
ion=thetaki
ngofdr
ugsoral
cohol
leadi
ngt
ophy
siol
ogi
cal
orpsy
chol
ogi
cal
dependence
wit
hat endencytoi
ncr
easeuse.

Addi
ti
ves=Chemical
subst
ancesaddedcommonl
ytof
oodt
oincr
easet
ast
eort
opr
eser
vei
tfor
l
ongerdecor
ati
on.

Adj
uvant=anyt
reat
mentusedi
nconj
unct
ionwi
thanot
hert
oenhancei
tsef
fi
cacy
.

Asubst
ance.

Adol
escence=Theper
iodbet
weenpuber
tyandmat
uri
ty.10t
o19y
ear
sinbot
hmal
esand
femal
es.

Adv
ancedTr
auma

l
i
fesuppor
t=Deal
i
ngwi
thser
iousl
yinj
uredpeopl
eatt
hesceneoft
heacci
dent

Advocacy=thepr
ocesswherebyanurseprovi
desapat
ientort
hefamil
ywi
thi
nfor
mat
iont
o
enabl
ethem tomakeinf
ormeddeci
sionsrel
ati
ngtot
hecaresit
uat
ion

Aer
obi
cexer
cise=Exer
cisest
osuppor
taer
obi
cmet
abol
i
sm (
oxy
genut
il
izat
ion)

Af
fi
nit
y=at
tract
iont
osubst
ances
Af
ter
car
e=soci
al,
medi
cal
ornur
singcar
eaf
teraper
iodofhospi
tal
treat
ment

Af
unct
ional
=lacki
ngf
unct
ion

Agei
ng=t hest
ruct
ural
andf
unct
ional
changest
hatt
akepl
acebyt
imeandar
enotcausedby
acci
dentordi
scare

Aggr
essi
on=ani
mosi
tyorhost
il
it
yshownt
owar
dsanot
herper
sonorobj
ect

Agi
tat
ion=ment
aldi
str
esscausi
ngext
remer
est
lessnessorar
ousal

Agony=ext
remesuf
fer
ingei
therphy
sical
orment
al

Ai
l
ment=anymi
nordi
sor
deroft
hebody

Aff
il
iat
ion=Theassoci
ati
onofaperson,
inst
it
uti
on,
oror
gani
zat
ionf
ormedi
cal
educat
ionor
employmentt
oahealthcaref
aci
l
ity
.

Al
bini
sm =congeni
tal
absenceofpi
gmenti
ntheski
n,hai
randey
es

Al
cohol
i
sm =st
ateofpoi
soni
ngr
esul
ti
ngf
rom al
chohol
addi
cti
on

Al
i
enat
ion=af
eel
i
ngofest
rangementorsepar
ati
onf
rom ot
her
sorf
rom sel
f.

Al
i
ment=f
oodornour
ishment
Al
ter
nat
ivemedi
cine=Homoeopat
hy,
Aromat
her
apy
,Acupunct
ure,
Ayur
vedaet
c.

Ambi
val
ence=cont
radi
ctor
yemot
ional
feel
i
ngst
owar
dsanobj
ectl
i
kel
oveandhat
e.

Amor
phous=wi
thoutdef
ini
teshape

Anabol
i
sm =t
hebui
l
dinguporsy
nthesi
soral
lst
ruct
uresf
rom di
gest
edf
oodmat
eri
als

Andr
oid=r
esembl
i
ngaman

Anima=thesoul
,youngster
mfort
heunconsci
ousnessori
nnerbei
ngoft
hei
ndi
vi
dual
as
opposedt
othepersonal

anomal
y=consi
der
abl
evar
iat
ionf
rom nor
mal

anor
exi
a=l
ossofappet
it
eforf
ood

apat
hy=Lackoff
eel
i
ng,
emot
ion,
int
erestandconcer
n

Appendi
x=suppl
ement
aryordependantpar
t

Appr
ehensi
on=f
eel
i
ngofdr
eadorf
ear

Apposi
ti
on=t
hebr
ingi
ngi
ntocont
actoft
wost
ruct
ureseg:
fragment
sofabone

Apt
it
ude=nat
ural
abi
1it
y/capaci
tyt
oacqui
rement
alorphy
sical
ski
l
l
Aqua=wat
er

Aqueous=wat
ery

Ar
achnoi
d=r
esembl
i
ngaspi
der
’sweb

Aromather
apy=thethemati
cuseofspeci
all
yprepar
edessent
ial
orar
omat
icoi
lobt
ainedf
rom
vari
ouspar
tsofplant
swhichar
edil
utedformassage,bat
hset
c.

Asser
t=cessat
ionorst
oppi
ng

Ar
ti
cul
ar=per
tai
ningt
oaj
oint

Ascor
bicaci
d=v
itami
nC

Asepsi
s=f
reedom f
rom pat
hogeni
cmi
crobes

Aspi
rat
ion=t
odr
awi
ncoul
dbeai
r,oraf
orei
gnbody

Asy
mmet
ry=i
nequal
i
tyi
nsi
ze/
shape

Asy
ner
gy=l
ackofco-
ordi
nat
ionofst
ruct
ures

At
rophy=wast
ingofanypar
toft
hebody
Audi
t=sy
stemat
icr
evi
ewandev
aluat
ionofr
ecor
ds

Aur
al=r
efer
ri
ngt
otheear

Aut
onomy=t
her
ightofper
sonal
freedom ofact
ion

Aut
opsy=post
-mor
tem exami
nat
ionofbody

Av
ersi
on=i
ntensedi
sli
ke

Avoidance=aconsci
ousorunconsci
ousdef
ensemechani
sm wher
ebyani
ndi
vi
dual
seekst
o
escape/avoi
dcertai
nsi
tuat
ions

Bar
bit
urat
es=hy
pnot
ic,
sedat
ivedr
ugsf
rom bar
bit
uri
caci
d

Behav
iour
ism =anobj
ect
ivest
udyoft
hebehav
iourofi
ndi
vi
dual
s

Benef
icence=dut
ytodogood,
avoi
dhar
mfort
hepeopl
e,pr
otectt
heweakandt
hev
ulner
abl
e

Ber
eav
ement=experi
enceofsuf
feri
ngl
ossusuall
yofalovedonebydeat
horsepar
ati
onbut
mayal
soi
ncl
udet hel
ossofprevi
ousgoodheal
th,posi
ti
onorwealt
h

Bi
fur
cat
e=di
vi
dei
nto2br
anches

Bi
manual
=usi
ngbot
hhands
Bi
nocul
ar=r
elat
ingt
obot
hey
es

Bi
ochemi
str
y=t
hechemi
str
yofl
i
vingmat
ter

Biof
eedback=v
isual
oraudit
oryev
idenceprov
idedt
oani
ndi
vi
dual
fort
hesat
isf
act
ory
perf
ormanceofanautonomi
cbodyfuncti
on

Bi
ogenesi
s=t
heor
igi
nofl
i
fe

Bi
omet
ri
cs/Ant
hropomet
ri
cs=Sci
encet
hatdeal
swi
tht
hecompar
it
uremeasur
ement
sofbody

Bl
ackout=moment
aryf
ail
ureofv
isi
onandunconsci
ousness

Bl
and=non-
sti
mul
ati
ng

Bov
ine=r
elat
ingt
ocoworox

Bul
i
ma=abnor
mal
incr
easei
nthesensat
ionofhunger

Nur
sener
vosa=uncont
rol
l
ed/compul
siv
eov
ereat
ingoccur
ri
ngt
oanor
exi
a

Cadav
er=cor
pseusedf
ordi
ssect
ion

Cal
l
osi
ty=t
hickenedski
n,cal
l
ous—har
dandt
hickened

Car
dinal
=fundament
al
Car
e=pr
ovi
si
onofwel
far
efort
hesi
ck,
elder
ly,
chi
l
drenandot
herv
ulner
abl
e

Car
neous=f
leshy

Cat
har
sis=cl
eansi
ngorpur
gat
ion

Centr
if
ugal=conv
eyi
ngawayf
rom acent
ersuchast
hebr
ain(
ant
ony
m cent
ri
pet
al=per
ipher
y
tothecent
re

Char
ti
ng=keepi
ngofacl
i
nical
recor
doft
hepat
ientandt
hepr
ogr
essoft
hei
ril
l
ness

Chr
oni
c=ofl
ongdur
ati
on

Cl
air
voy
ance=ext
rasensor
yper
cept
ion

Coma=ast
ateofunconsci
ousnessf
rom whi
cht
hepat
ientcannotbear
oused

Compat
ibi
l
ity=mut
ual
sui
tabi
l
ity

Compensat
ion=maki
nggoodaf
unct
ional
orst
ruct
ural
def
ect

Compensat
oryt
echni
ques=assi
stant
sforpat
ient/cl
i
ent
sindev
elopi
ngnewski
l
lst
o

compensat
eforadef
ici
torhandi
cap
Compul
sion=anov
erwhel
mingur
get
oper
for
m ani
rr
ati
onal
actorr
it
ual

Condi
ti
onedr
esponse=ar
esponset
hatdoesn’
toccurnat
ural
l
ybutmaybedev
eloped

byr
egul
arassoci
ati
onofsomephy
siol
ogi
cal
funct
ionwi
thanunr
elat
edout
sideev
ent

Congeni
tal
=pr
esentandexi
sti
ngf
rom t
het
imeofbi
rt
h

Consangui
nit
y=bl
oodr
elat
ionshi
p

Consent=(
law)v
olunt
aryagr
eementwi
thanact
ionpr
oposedbyanot
her
.

I
tisanactofr
eason

Consumer=i
nheal
thcar
e,user
,cl
i
ent
,pat
ientorcar
eri
nter
msoft
heser
vices

Cont
inence=exer
cisi
ngsel
f-
rest
rai
nteg:
cont
rol
uri
nat
ion,
def
ecat
ion,
sexual
act
ivi
ty

Cont
rai
ndi
cat
ion=anycondi
ti
ont
hatmakesapar
ti
cul
art
reat
menti
mpr
act
icabl
eorundesi
rabl
e

Contr
oll
eddrugs=regulatedprescri
binganddispensi
ngofpsy
choact
ivedr
ugsi
ncl
udi
ng
nar
coti
cs,hal
luci
nogens,depressantsandsti
mul ant
s

Conv
alescence=per
iodofr
ecov
eryf
oll
owi
ngi
l
lness,
inj
uryoroper
ati
on

Coor
dinat
ion=har
monyofmov
ementbet
weensev
eral
muscl
es
Cor
onal
=rel
ati
ngt
othecr
ownoft
hehead

Coroner=Apublicoff
icialli
kebar
ri
ster
,sol
i
cit
orordoct
orwhohol
dsi
nquest
sconcer
ning
suddenviol
entorsuspiciousdeat
hs

Cor
pul
ent=obese

Cor
pus=abody

Costef
fect
iveness=aconceptwhi
chr
elat
escostt
otheef
fect
ivenessofaser
vicet
hus
pr
ovidi
ngvalueformoney

Counsel
l
ing=aprocessofconsult
ati
onanddiscussi
oninwhichonei
ndivi
dual
( counsel
l
or)
l
ist
ensacti
vel
yandoffer
sguidancetoanot
herwhoi sexper
ienci
ngdi
ff
icul
ti
es(cli
ent)

Cue=somet
hingt
hatgi
vesahi
ntori
dea,
aver
bal
/nonv
erbal
signal

Cult
ureshock=afeel
i
ngofali
enati
onoft
enaccompaniedbyfeel
i
ngsofdepr
essi
onand
rej
ecti
onthatr
esul
tsf
rom ar
adical
changei
ncult
ure.Eg:duetomigr
ati
on

Cy
berstal
king=I
nter
nethar
assmenteg:
repet
it
ive,
inappr
opr
iat
eemai
l
s,hat
eful
,obscene,
messages

Debi
l
ity=condi
ti
onofweakness

Deci
bel
(db)=uni
tofi
ntensi
tyofsound
Del
eter
ious=har
mful

Del
usi
on=af
alsei
deaorbel
i
efwhi
chcannotbecor
rect
edbyr
easoni
ng

Dementi
a=pr ogr
essivedeter
ior
ati
onofthementalfacul
tieswhichisir
rev
ersi
bleandaffect
s
memory,i
ntel
lect
,judgmentpersonal
it
yandemotionalcontrol
.Demography=ast at
ist
ical
sci
encedeali
ngwithpopulati
oninthematt
ersofdeaths,disease,
bir
thandmor t
ali
ty

Dependence=addict
ion;thetot
alpsychophysi
calst
ateofauseri
nwhi
chtheusualor
i
ncreasi
ngquanti
ti
esoft hedrugoractiv
ity(
eg.I
nter
netsur
fi
ngorgambl
ing)ar
erequi
redt
o
pr
eventtheonsetofwithdrawalsy
mpt om.

Det
eri
orat
ion=pr
ogr
essi
vei
mpai
rmentoff
unct
ion,
wor
seni
ng

Devi
ance=anypat
ter
nofbehav
iort
hatv
iol
atespr
evai
l
ingst
andar
dsofmor
ali
tyorbehav
ior
wit
hinasoci
ety

Di
ff
used=scat
ter
edorwi
despr
eadasopposedt
olocal
i
zed

Di
git=af
ingerort
oe

Di
l
ati
on/
Dil
atat
ion=t
heactofdi
l
ati
ngorst
ret
chi
ng

Di
psomani
a=ani
rr
it
abi
l
ityoft
hener
voussy
stem char
act
eri
zedbyal
cohol
crav
ing

Di
scr
ete=composedofsepar
atepar
ts
Di
sinf
est
ati
ons=dest
ruct
ionofi
nsect
s,r
odent
sorpest
s

Di
sor
ient
ati
on=l
ossofpr
operbear
ingorast
ateofment
alconf
ect
ionast
otune,
placeor
i
dent
it
y

Di
sposi
ti
on=at
endencyt
osuf
ferf
rom cer
tai
ndi
seases

Di
ssemi
nat
ed=wi
del
yscat
ter
edordi
sper
sed

Di
stensi
on=enl
argement

Di
str
act
ion=any
thi
ngt
hatdi
ver
tsaper
son’
sat
tent
ion

Dor
sal
=rel
ati
ngt
otheback,
post
eri
or

Dy
slexi
a=di
ff
icul
tyi
nlear
ningandr
eadi
ngaccompani
edbydi
ff
icul
tyi
nspel
l
ingwor
dscor
rect
ly.

Ego=i
npsy
choanal
yti
cal
theor
ythatpar
toft
hemi
ndwhi
cht
hei
ndi
vi
dual
exper
iencesassel
f.

Egocent
ri
sm =at
ypeoft
hinki
ngi
nwhi
chaper
sonhasdi
ff
icul
tyi
nseei
nganot
her
’spoi
ntof
vi
ew

El
ect
racompl
ex=l
i
bidi
nousf
ixat
ionofadaught
ert
owar
dsherdad

Empi
ri
cal
=basedonexper
ienceandnotonsci
ent
if
icr
easoni
ng
Endemi
c=per
tai
ningt
oadi
seasepr
eval
enti
napar
ti
cul
arl
ocal
i
ty

Endogenous=pr
oducedwi
thi
ntheor
gani
sm

Ener
vat
ion=gener
alweaknessorl
ossofst
rengt
h

Envi
ronmentalheal
th=fact
orsthatcani
nfl
uenceheal
thi
ncl
udehousi
ng,
food,
hygi
ene,
ref
use
col
l
ection,
infest
ati
on,ourai
randnoisepol
lut
ionet
c.

Essent
ial
=indi
spensabl
e

Et
hni
c=per
tai
ningt
oasoci
algr
oupwhi
chshar
ecul
tur
albondsorr
aci
alchar
act
eri
sti
cs

Et
hnocent
ri
sm =super
ior
it
ycompl
exofanet
hni
cgr
oup

Eugeni
cs=t hest
udyofmeasur
est
hatmaybet
akent
oimpr
ovef
utur
egener
ati
onsbot
h
physi
cal
lyandmental
ly

Eunuch=acast
rat
edmal
e

Euphor
ia=exagger
atedf
eel
i
ngofwel
l
-bei
ng,
lessext
remet
hanel
ati
on

Exacer
bat
ion=ani
ncr
easei
nthesev
eri
tyoft
hesy
mpt
omsofadi
sease

Exogenous=ofext
ernal
ori
gin
Expi
rat
ion=t
heactofbr
eat
hingout
;deat
h

Elat
ion=emoti
onal
exci
tementmarkedbyacceler
ati
onofmental
andbodil
yacti
vi
ty,
wit
h
extr
emejoyandanover
lyopt
imi
sti
catti
tudeevenInthef
aceofnegat
iveci
rcumst
ances

Ext
endedf
ami
l
y=onet
hati
ncl
udesaunt
s,uncl
e’
scousi
nsgr
andpar
ent
s

Farmer’
slung=hy
per
sensi
ti
veal
veol
i
tisorpheumoni
ti
scausedbyspor
esofcer
tai
nbact
eri
aor
fungi

Fecundi
ty=t
hephy
siol
ogi
cal
abi
l
ityt
orepr
oduce

Fi
ssur
e=anar
rowsl
i
torcl
eft

Fl
exi
on=bendi
ng

Fur
ore=ast
ateofi
ntenseexci
tementdur
ingwhi
chv
iol
entact
smaybecommi
tt
ed

Gai
t=mannerofwal
ki
ng

Gast
ri
c=per
tai
ningt
othest
omach

Gat
ewaydrug=gener
icnameforalchohol
,cocai
neorcannabi
sref
err
ingt
othei
rsupposedr
ole
ascondui
tsl
eadi
ngontothet
akingofharddrugs

Gener
ic=per
tai
ningt
oagenus
Genet
ics=st
udyofher
edi
tar
yandnat
ural
dev
elopment

Gerontol
ogy=st
udyofthechangesassoci
atedwit
holdageandagei
ngpr
ocess,bot
hmi ndand
bodyinvol
vi
ngmanydisci
pli
nes.Eg:
Psychol
ogy,Soci
ology
,Phar
macol
ogy
,bi
ologyetc.

Gest
ati
on=t
heper
iodofdev
elopmentoft
hey
oungi
nmammal
sfr
om t
imeof

f
ert
il
izat
ionoft
heov
um t
obi
rt
h

Gi
gant
ism =abnor
mal
growt
hoft
hebody

Gi
nseng=ext
ractoft
her
ootoft
hepl
antofgenuspanax

Gonad=ar
epr
oduct
ivegl
and,
test
icl
eorov
ary

Guidedimagery=acomplementar
yther
apythatusespleasantment
ali
magesofev
ent
s,
feel
ingsorsensat
ionsasadi
str
acti
onmethodincopingwi t
hpain

Habil
i
tat
ion=theprocessofassi
sti
ngapat
ientt
owar
dsachi
evi
ngt
hemaxi
mum soci
aland
physi
cal
independenceoft
heirpot
enti
al

Hal
lucinati
on=asensor
yimpr
essi
on(
sight
,soundort
ast
e)t
hathasnobasi
sinext
ernal
st
imulation

Hashi
sh=I
ndi
anhemp,
cannabi
s
Het
erogeneous=composeofdi
ver
seconst
it
uent
s

hol
i
sti
cheal
thcar
e=Heal
i
ngt
hewhol
eper
son-
body
,mi
ndandspi
ri
tforopt
imal
heal
th

homi
cide=ki
l
li
ngofahumanbei
ng.

Homogenous=der
ivedf
rom t
hesamesour
ce/composedofsi
mil
arorsameconst
it
uent
s.

Host=anani
mal
,pl
antort
issueonwhi
chapar
asi
tel
i
vesandmul
ti
ples

Hy
pochondr
iasi
s=amor
bidpr
eoccupat
ionoranxi
etyaboutone’
sheal
th

I
deol
ogy=t
hebodyofi
deaschar
act
eri
sti
cofani
ndi
vi
dual
orofasoci
aluni
t

I
ll
usi
on=ami
sint
erpr
etat
ionofasensor
yst
imul
us;
bel
i
evi
ngsomet
hingt
obewhati
tisnot

Immuni t
y=theresistancepossessedbythebodyt
oi nf
ect
iousdiseases,
forei
gnti
ssues,
for
eignnon-
tissues,anti
gens(anysubst
anceorbacteri
aorother
wi se,
whichinsui
tabl
e
condit
ionst
imulateimmuner esponse)

I
mmuni
zat
ion=cr
eat
ingi
mmuni
tybyar
ti
fi
cial
means

I
mpai
rment=anyl
ossorabnor
mal
i
ty

I
mpal
pabl
e=i
ncapabl
eofbei
ngf
eltbymanual
exami
nat
ion
I
mper
for
ate=wi
thoutanopeni
ng

I
mpul
se=asuddenpushi
ngf
orce,
uncont
rol
l
abl
eact

I
nci
dence=t
henumberofpar
ti
cul
arev
ent
swhi
choccuri
napopul
ati
oni
nagi
venper
iodoft
ime

I
ncont
inence=I
nabi
l
ityt
ocont
rol
nat
ural
funct
ionsordi
schar
ges

I
nsi
dious=sl
owgr
owi
ng

I
nduct
ion=t
heactofi
nit
iat
ingsomet
hing

I
ner
t=hav
ingnoact
ion

I
nfant
il
ism =per
sist
enceofthecharact
eri
sti
cofchi
l
dhoodi
ntoadul
tli
femar
kedbyunder
devel
opmentoftherepr
oducti
veorgans

i
nfi
bul
ati
ons=anext
ensi
vef
orm off
emal
eci
rcumci
sionper
for
medi
nsomecul
tur
es

i
ngest
ion=t
het
aki
ngi
noff
oodanddr
ugsbymout
h

I
nnat
e=nat
ural

I
nnocuous=har
mless

I
nor
gani
c=nei
therani
mal
orv
eget
abl
eor
igi
n
I
nquest=al
egal
inqui
ryt
oascer
tai
nconf
ir
mthef
act
srel
ati
ngt
oani
nci
dent

I
nter
mit
tent=occur
ri
ngati
nter
val
s

I
ntr
act
abl
e=notabl
etober
eli
eved,
cont
rol
l
edorcur
ed

I
nvasi
ve=i
nvol
vi
ngpunct
ureori
nci
sionoft
heski
nori
nser
ti
onofani
nst
rument

I
nver
sion=t
aki
ngupsi
dedownori
nsi
deout

I
nvi
tr
o=i
nat
estt
ube

Jar
gon=t
ermi
nol
ogy

Junkf
ood=conv
eni
encef
ood,
fastf
ood

Ki
nshi
p=r
elat
ionshi
p

Lacer
ati
on=awound

Lachr
ymal
=rel
ati
ngt
ofear
s

Lact
agogue=anyagentt
hatpr
omot
est
hesecr
eti
on/
flowofmi
l
k
Lal
ati
on=i
nfant
il
efor
m ofspeech,
babbl
i
ng

Lat
ent=t
empor
ari
l
yconceal
ed,
notmani
fest

Li
aison=communi
cat
ionorcont
act

Li
ngual
=per
tai
ningt
otongue

Luci
d=cl
ear(
par
ti
coft
hemi
nd)

Macr
oscopi
c=di
scer
nibl
ewi
tht
henakedey
emi
croscopi
c

Mal
adj
ust
ment=(
Psy
chi
atr
y)af
ail
uret
oadj
ustt
otheenv
ironment

Mal
air
e=af
eel
i
ngofgener
aldi
scomf
ortandi
l
lness

Mal
i
gnant=t
endi
ngt
obecomepr
ogr
essi
vel
ywor
seandr
esul
tindeat
h

Mal
pract
ice=pr
ofessi
onal
misconduct

Mani
a=adi
sor
der
edment
alst
ateofext
remeexci
tement

Mani
pul
ati
on=useoft
hehandst
opr
oduceadesi
redmov
ement

Manual
=inv
olv
ingt
heuseofhands
Mast
icat
ion=t
heactofchewi
ngf
ood

Medi
cament=anymedi
cinal
subst
anceusedi
ntr
eat
ment

Mel
ani
sm =acondi
ti
onmar
kedbyanabnor
mal
deposi
tofmel
ani
nint
heski
n

Menar
che=t
hef
ir
stappear
anceofmenst
ruat
ion

Ment
or=awi
seort
rust
edadv
isororgui
de

Met
amor
phosi
s=ast
ruct
ural
change

Mi
crogr
am =onemi
l
li
ont
hofagr
am

Mongol
i
sm =out
dat
edwor
dforDown’
ssy
ndr
ome

Monowl
ar=per
tai
ningt
ooneey
eonl
y

Nadi
r=Thel
owestpoi
nt/
count
/dr
ugl
evel
etc

Nanomet
er=l
bil
l
iont
hofamet
er

Necr
opsy=aut
opsy=postmor
tem
Neol
ogi
sm =f
ormat
ionofnewwor
dswi
thoutmeani
ng

Neur
al=per
tai
ningt
othener
ves

Noct
urnal
=per
tai
ningt
oni
ght

Obl
i
que=sl
ant
ing

Obsessi
on=per
sist
ent
lyr
ecur
ri
ng

Occul
t=hi
dden,
conceal
ed

Ocul
ar=r
elat
ingt
otheey
e

Opaci
ty=cl
oudi
ness,
lackoft
ranspar
ency

Pall
i
ati
vecare=theactiv
etotalcar
eofpatient
swhosedi
seasenol
ongerr
espondst
ocur
ati
ve
tr
eatment
;shoul
dneitherhastennorpost
ponedeat
h

Psy
chosomat
icdi
sor
der
s:=Aphy
sical
disor
dercaused,
ormadewor
sebyment
alf
act
ors

Put
ati
ve=gener
all
yconsi
der
edorr
eput
edt
obe

Quar
ant
ine=aper
iodofi
sol
ati
onofani
nfect
ionorsuspect
edcase

Recessi
ve=t
endi
ngt
orecede(
xdomi
nant
)
Recuper
ati
on=conv
alescence=r
ecov
eryf
rom i
l
lness

Regr
essi
on=ar
etur
ntoaper
viousst
ateofheal
thordev
elopment

Rel
apse=t
her
etur
nofi
l
lnessaf
terani
nter
val
ofconv
alescence

Rel
axat
ion=l
esseni
ngoft
ensi
on

Repr
essi
on=r
est
rai
ning,
inhi
bit
ingorsuppr
essi
ng

Resi
dual
=remai
ning

Resonance=r
ever
ber
ati
onofsound

Ret
ardat
ion=del
ayeddev
elopment

Ret
chi
ng=st
rongi
nvol
unt
aryef
for
ttov
omi
t

Ret
rogr
ade=l
ooki
ngbackonordeal
i
ngwi
thpastev
ent
s

Ri
gor
mor
ti
s=st
if
feni
ngoft
hebodywhi
choccursoonaf
terdeat
h

Rumi
nat
ion=r
ear
ingt
hought
s,v
olunt
aryr
egur
git
ati
onoff
oodwhi
chi
schewedandswal
l
owed
Sadi
sm =pl
easur
eini
nfl
i
cti
ngment
alandphy
sical
pai
ninot
her
s,sexual
per
ver
sion

Sal
ve=anoi
ntment

Sedat
ion=t
heall
ayi
ngofi
rri
tabi
li
tyt
her el
i
efofpai
norment
aldi
str
essandt
hepr
omot
ionof
sl
eep,Bymeansofdr
ugsorothermethods

Sedent
ary=per
tai
ningt
osi
tt
ing,
phy
sical
l
yinact
ive

Sensi
ti
zat
ion=t
hepr
ocessofr
ender
ingsuscept
ibl
e

Sent
iment=anemot
iondi
rect
edt
owar
dssomeobj
ect
/per
son

Separ
ati
onAnxiet
yDisor
der=youngchi
l
drenexper
iencef
eel
i
ngsofdi
str
essf
rom separ
ati
on
fr
om home,par
entsorcarer
s

Si
bli
ng=oneofaf
ami
l
yofchi
l
drenhav
ingsamepar
ent(
brot
herorsi
ster
)

Si
gni
fi
cantot
her
=nextofki
n

Soci
opat
h=aper
sonwi
thant
isoci
alper
sonal
i
ty;
apsy
chopat
h

Soma=r
elat
ingt
othebodyasopposedt
othemi
nd

Spasm =asuddeni
nvol
unt
arymuscl
econt
ract
ion
Spor
adi
c=i
sol
atedcases

St
rangul
ati
on=choki
ngcausedbycompr
essi
onoft
heai
rpassage;
arr
est
edci
rcul
ati
ont
oapar
t

St
rat
if
ied=ar
rangedi
nlay
ers

St
upor=al
mostunconsci
ousori
rr
esponsi
ve;
respondi
ngonl
ytobasi
cst
imul
isuchaspai
n

Sur
rogat
e=ar
eal
ori
magi
nar
ysubst
it
utef
oraper
sonorobj
ect

Sur
vei
l
lance=moni
tor
ing,
recor
ding,
anal
yzi
ngandr
epor
ti
ng

Suscept
ibi
l
ity=l
ackofr
esi
stancet
oinf
ect
ionxi
mmuni
ty

Taboo=anyr
it
ual
prohi
bit
ionofcer
tai
nact
ivi
ti
eseg:
incest
,opendi
scussi
onofdeat
h

Tact
il
e=r
elat
ingt
othesenseoft
ouch

Tant
rum =anout
bur
stofi
l
ltemper

Templ
ate=amoul
dorpat
ter
n

Tensi
on=actofst
ret
chi
ng

Ther
mot
her
apy=t
reat
mentofdi
seasebyappl
i
cat
ionofheatThr
ombus=ast
ati
onar
ybl
ood
cl
ot
Ti
nct
ure=amedi
cinal
subst
ancedi
ssol
vedi
nal
chohol

Tol
erance=t
heabi
l
ityt
oendur
ewi
thoutef
fectori
njur
y,dr
ug

Topogr
aphy=st
udyoft
hesur
faceoft
heear
thorbody

Tr
ait=ani
nher
it
edordev
elopedphy
sical
orment
alchar
act
eri
sti
c

Tr
ance=acondi
ti
onofsemi
-consci
ousness

Tr
ansv
erse=cr
osswi
se

Tr
ansv
est
it
e=cr
ossdr
essi
ng

Tr
auma=i
njur
y

Tr
ichol
ogy=t
hest
udyofhai
r

Tr
ichosi
s=abnor
mal
growt
hofhai
r

Tr
uancy=absenceofachi
l
dfr
om school
wit
houtagoodr
eason

Tur
gid=swol
l
enordi
stended
Twi
l
ightst
ate=par
ti
aldi
stur
banceofconsci
ousness

Ul
tr
asoni
c=r
elat
ingt
osoundwav
eshav
ingf
requencyr
angemor
ethan20,
000Hz(
inaudi
ble)

Ul
tr
asound=ul
tr
asoni
cwav
esusedt
oscant
hei
nter
nal
organs

Ul
tr
avi
oletr
ays=shor
twav
elengt
hel
ect
romagnet
icwav
esUncondi
ti
oned

r
esponse=unl
ear
ntr
esponse

Undul
ant=r
isi
ngandf
all
i
ngl
i
keawav
e

Uni
l
ater
al=ononesi
deonl
y

Uni
par
a=awomanhav
ingonl
yonechi
l
d

Ur
ogr
aphy=r
adi
ogr
aphi
cexami
nat
ionoft
heur
inar
ytr
act

Var
icose=swol
l
enordi
l
ated

Vase=av
essel
orduct

VDU=v
isual
displ
ayuni
t

Vect
or=car
ri
er
Vegan=at
otal
veget
ari
an

Veget
ati
ve=pr
ofoundl
ylet
har
gicandpassi
ve

Vener
eal
=per
tai
ningt
oourcausedbysexual
int
ercour
se

Venom =apoi
son

Vei
nous=per
tai
ningt
othev
eins

Vi
rul
ent=danger
ousl
ypoi
sonous

Vi
sual
i
zat
ion=i
magi
nat
ion

Vi
tal
=rel
ati
ngt
oli
fe

Vi
tr
eous=gl
assy

Vol
i
tion=t
heconsci
ousadopt
ionbyt
hei
ndi
vi
dual
byal
i
neofact
ion;
wil
l

Vol
unt
ary=undert
hecont
rol
oft
hewi
l
l

Vul
ner
abi
l
ity=weakness,
suscept
ibi
l
ityt
oinj
uryorI
nfect
ion
Wean=t
odi
scont
inuebr
eastorbot
tl
efeedi
ng

Wetnur
se=al
act
ati
ngwomanwhobr
east
feedsanot
herwoman’
schi
l
d

ABREVATI
ONS

ACS=Acut
eCor
onar
ySy
ndr
ome

ADHD=At
tent
ionDef
ici
tHy
per
act
ivi
tyDi
sor
der

AF=At
ri
alFi
bri
l
lat
ion

AI
DS=Acqui
redI
mmunoDef
ici
encySy
ndr
ome

ARDS=Acut
eRespi
rat
oryDi
str
essSy
ndr
ome

ASD=At
ri
alSept
alDef
ect
/Aut
ism Spect
rum Di
sor
der

BPH=Beni
gnPr
ost
ati
cHy
per
plasi
a

CAD=Cor
onar
yAr
ter
yDi
sease

CHF=Congest
iveHear
tFai
l
ure

COPD=Chr
oni
cObst
ruct
ivePul
monar
yDi
sease
CRF=Chr
oni
cRenal
Fai
l
ure

CVD=Car
diov
ascul
arDi
sease

CVA=Cer
ebr
oVascul
arAcci
dent

DI
C=Di
ssemi
nat
edI
ntr
avascul
arCoagul
ati
on

DM=Di
abet
esMel
l
itus

DVT=DeepVei
nThr
ombosi
s

ESRD=End-
StageRenal
Disease

GBS=Gui
l
lai
nBar
re’
Syndr
ome

GERD=Gast
roEsophageal
Ref
luxDi
sease;

HF=Hear
tFai
l
ure

HI
V=HumanI
mmunodef
ici
encyVi
rus

HTN=Hy
per
tensi
on
I
BD=I
nfl
ammat
oryBowel
Disease

I
BS=I
rr
it
abl
eBowel
Syndr
ome

I
TP=I
diopat
hicThr
ombocy
topeni
cPur
pur
a

MDR=Mul
ti
-Dr
ugResi
stant

TB=Tuber
cul
osi
s

MMR=MumpsMeasel
sRubel
l
a

MND=Mot
orNeur
oneDi
sease

MS=Mul
ti
pleScl
erosi
s

NMS=Neur
olept
icMal
i
gnantSy
ndr
ome

NPH=Nor
mal
Pressur
eHy
drocephal
us

NTD=Neur
alt
ubeDef
ect

OCD=Obsessi
veCompul
siv
eDi
sor
der

PD=Pat
entDuct
us
ARA=Ar
ter
iosusRheumat
oidAr
thr
it
is

RHD=Rheumat
icHear
tDi
sease

RTI
=Respi
rat
oryTr
actI
nfect
ion

SARS=Sev
ereAcut
eRespi
rat
orySy
ndr
ome

SI
DS=SuddenI
nfantDeat
hSy
ndr
ome

SLE=Sy
stemi
cLupusEr
ythemat
osus

STD=Sexual
l
yTr
ansmi
tt
edDi
sease

TB=Tuber
cul
osi
s

TBI
=Tr
aumat
icBr
ainI
njur
y

TEF=Tr
acheoesophageal
Fist
ula

UTI
=Ur
inar
yTr
actI
nfect
ion

URI
=UpperRespi
rat
oryI
nfect
ion
VSD=Vent
ri
cul
arSept
alDef
ect

XDRTB=Ext
ensi
vel
yDr
ug—Resi
stantTuber
cul
osi
s

HCP=Heal
thCar
ePr
ovi
der

I
FA=I
mmunof
luor
escenceAssay

PN=Par
ent
eral
Nut
ri
ti
on

BLS=Basi
cLi
fesuppor
t

CPCR=Car
dioPul
monar
yCer
ebr
alResusci
tat
ion

CPR=Car
dioPul
monar
yResusci
tat
ion

AED=Aut
omat
edExt
ernal
Def
ibr
il
lat
or

FBAO=For
eignBodyAi
rwayObst
ruct
ion

BSE=Br
eastSel
f-
Exami
nat
ion

FHR=Fet
alHear
tRat
e

I
CP=I
ntr
acr
ani
alPr
essur
e
MRI
=Magnet
icResonanceI
magi
ng

RSV=Respi
rat
orySy
ncy
tial
Vir
us

MDI
=Met
eredDoseI
nhal
er

VSD=Vent
ri
cul
arSept
alDef
ect

CVP=Cent
ral
VenousPr
essur
e

CNS=Cent
ral
Ner
vousSy
stem

ECG=El
ect
rocar
diogr
am

I
NR=I
nter
nat
ional
Nor
mal
i
zedRat
io

PT=Pr
othr
ombi
nTi
me

ECMO=Ext
racor
por
eal
Membr
aneOxy
genat
ion

ERLP=Endoscopi
cRet
rogr
adeChol
angi
opancr
eat
ogr
aphy

TSH=Thy
roi
dSt
imul
ati
ngHor
mone
ELI
SA=Enzy
meLi
nkedI
mmunosor
bentassay

ADL=Act
ivi
ti
esofDai
l
yli
vi
ng

FBE=Ful
lBl
oodExami
nat
ion

PI
H=Pr
egnancyI
nducedHy
per
tensi
on

CRPTest
=C-React
ivePr
otei
nTest

HI
E=Hy
pox
icI
schemi
aEncephal
opat
hy

CP=Cer
ebr
alPal
sy

I
CD=I
mpl
ant
abl
eCar
diov
ert
erDef
ibr
il
lat
or

TAVR=Tr
anscat
het
erAor
ti
cVal
veRepl
acement

ACEI
=Angi
otensi
nConv
ert
ingEnzy
meI
nhi
bit
ors

AKI
=Acut
eKi
dneyI
njur
y

(
e)GFR=(
est
imat
ed)Gl
omer
ularFi
l
trat
ionRat
eQOL=Qual
i
tyofLi
fe

1/
12=1mont
h
1/
52=1week

a.
c.=bef
oremeal
s/f
ood(
Lat
in)

a.
m.=i
nthemor
ning(
Lat
in)

AN=ant
enat
al

AP=ant
ero-
post
eri
or

APH=ant
epar
tum hemor
rhage

CA/Ca=cancer
;car
cinoma;
cal
cium

CABG=cor
onar
yar
ter
yby
passgr
aft

CAT=coaxi
alorcomput
eri
zedaxi
alt
omogr
aphy

CBT=cogni
ti
vebehav
iour
alt
her
apy

CCF=congest
ivecar
diacf
ail
ure

CNS=cent
ral
ner
voussy
stem
COAD=chr
oni
cobst
ruct
iveai
rway
sdi
sease

CSF=cer
ebr
ospi
nal
flui
d

CT=cer
ebr
alt
umor
,cor
onar
ythr
ombosi
s;comput
eri
zedt
omogr
aphy

CV=car
diov
ascul
ar

CVA=car
diov
ascul
aracci
dent
;cer
ebr
ovascul
aracci
dent

CVS=car
diov
ascul
arsy
stem;
cer
ebr
ovascul
arsy
stem

CXR=chestX-
ray

DN=Di
str
ictNur
se

ECF=ext
racel
l
ularf
lui
d

ECG=el
ect
rocar
diogr
am

ECT=el
ect
roconv
ulsi
vet
her
apy

FB=f
orei
gnbody

FBC=f
ull
bloodcount
g=gr
am

GP=Gener
alPr
act
it
ioner

HPV=humanpapi
l
lomav
irus

HR=hear
trat
e

HS=hear
tsounds

I
CF=i
ntr
acel
l
ularf
lui
d

CS=i
nter
cost
alspace

I
CU=i
ntensi
vecar
euni
t

I
Q=i
ntel
l
igencequot
ient

I
VF=i
nvi
tr
ofeni
l
izat
ion

LFT=l
i
verf
unct
iont
est

LP=l
umbarpunct
ure
Ml
=mi
l
li
li
ter

MO=Medi
cal
Off
icer

MOH=Medi
cal
Off
icerofHeal
th

Na=sodi
um

NS=ner
voussy
stem

Obs.
=obst
etr
ics

OPD=out
pat
ientdepar
tment

OT=oper
ati
ngt
heat
re

OT=occupat
ional
ther
api
st

p.
m.=i
ntheaf
ter
noon(
Lat
in)

RBS=r
andom bl
oodsugar

RCA=r
ightcor
onar
yar
ter
y

RN=r
egi
ster
ednur
se
ROM=r
angeofmot
ion

SOB=showofbr
eat
h

URTI
=upperr
espi
rat
oryt
racti
nfect
ion

XR=X-
ray

SOL=SpaceOccupy
ingLesi
on

EDH=Epi
dur
alHemat
oma

SDH=Subdur
alHemat
oma

SAH=Subar
achnoi
dhemat
oma

L=Lef
t

Lab=l
abor
ator
y

Lat
=lat
eral

LLQ=l
eftl
owerquandr
ant
LUQ=l
eftupperquandr
ant

L&V=l
i
ving&wel
l

CV=car
diov
ascul
ar

Dx=di
agnosi
s

EENT=ear
s/ey
es/
nose/
thr
oat

FB=f
orei
gnbody

HEENT=head/
ear
s/ey
es/
nose/
thr
oat

HOPI
=hi
stor
yofpr
esenti
l
lness

Hx
=hi
stor
y

I
CS=i
nter
cost
alspace

I
nsp=i
nspect
ion

MSE=ment
alst
atusexam

MSK=muscul
oskel
etal
N&V=nausea&v
omi
ti
ng

A&V=al
i
ve&wel
l

Abd=abdomen

Ant
=ant
eri
or

AP=ant
eropost
eri
or

BP=bl
oodpr
essur
e

OU=bot
hey
es

OD=r
ightey
e

OS=l
eftey
e

P=pul
monar
y

P&A=per
cussi
on&auscul
tat
ion

PE=phy
sical
exam
PI
=pr
esenti
l
lness

CN=cr
ani
alner
ves

c/
o=compl
aint
sof

d/
c=di
scont
inued

DD=di
scdi
amet
er

DJD=degener
ati
vej
ointdi
sease

DM=di
abet
esmel
l
itus

Rx=t
reat
ment

Sx=sy
mpt
om

TM=t
ympani
cmembr
aneWN=wel
l
-nour
ished

WNL=wi
thi
nnor
mal
li
mit
s

AAL=ant
eri
oraxi
l
lar
yli
ne

Adl
i
b=Fr
eel
y,asdesi
red
A&P=ant
eri
orl
y&post
eri
orl
y

ASA=aspi
ri
n

A/
V=ar
ter
ytov
einr
ati
on

BMR=basal
met
abol
i
crat
e

BS=bowel
soundswi
th

CHF=congest
ivehear
tfai
l
ure

PMH=pastmedi
cal
hist
ory

Post
=post
eri
or

Px=pr
ognosi
s

R=r
ight

RLQ=r
ightl
owerquadr
ant

RUQ=r
ightupperquadr
ant
R/
O=r
uleout

ROM=r
angeofmot
ion

CNS=cent
ral
ner
voussy
stem

I
&O=i
ntake&out
put

I
UD=i
ntr
a-ut
eri
nedev
ice

I
v=i
ntr
avenousl
y

JVD=j
ugul
arv
enousdi
stent
ion

LMP=l
astmenst
rual
per
iod

LOC=l
evel
ofconsci
ousness

M=mur
mur

MAL=mi
d-axi
l
lar
yli
ne

NAD=noacut
edi
str
ess

NC/
AT=nor
inocephal
i
c/at
raumat
ic
Ooro=noneorno

OB=obst
etr
ic

OBS=or
gani
cbr
ainsy
ndr
ome

OPD=out
-pat
ientdepar
tment

PAL=post
eri
oraxi
l
lar
yli
ne

PMI
=poi
ntofmaxi
mal
iri
ter
isi
ty

p.
r.
ri
=asneeded

qs=quant
it
ysuf
fi
cient

RCM=r
ightcost
almar
gin

RHD=r
heumat
ichear
tdi
sease

RLL=r
ightl
owerl
obe

ROS=r
evi
ewofsy
stems
RUL=r
ightupperl
obe

s=wi
thout

T&A=t
onsi
l
s&adenoi
ds

TB=t
uber
cul
osi
s

URI
=upperr
espi
rat
oryi
nfect
ion

UTI
=ur
inar
ytr
acti
nfect
ion

DTR=deept
endonr
efl
ex

ECGorEKG=el
ect
rocar
diogr
am

EEG=el
ect
roencephal
ogr
arn

EOM=ext
raocul
armov
ement
s

ER=emer
gencyr
oom

FHR=f
etal
hear
trat
e

Fx=f
ract
ure
GU=geni
tour
inar
y

HBP=hi
ghbl
oodpr
essur
e

HJR=hepat
ojugul
arr
efl
ex

Ht
.=hei
ght

I&D=i
nci
sion&dr
ainage

MVA=Mot
orv
ehi
cleacci
dent

HOB=Headofbed

Td=Tet
anus/
dipht
her
ia

MMR=Measl
es-
mumps-
rubel
l
a

OTC=Ov
ert
hecount
er

Di
plopi
a=Doubl
evi
sion

HA=headache
Er
ythema=r
edness

CV=car
diov
ascul
ar

SOB=shor
tnessofbr
eat
h

CAD=Cor
onar
yar
ter
ydi
sease

Hemopt
ysi
s=Coughi
ngupbl
ood

SBE=Sel
fbr
eastexam

GI
=Gast
roi
ntest
inal

Hemat
emesi
s=Vomi
ti
ngbl
ood

Mel
ena=Tar
ryst
ool
s

Hemat
ochezi
a=St
ool
swi
thr
edbl
ood

GU=Geni
tour
inar
y

Haemat
uri
a=Bl
oodi
nur
ine

Noct
uri
a=Ur
inat
ionatni
ght
Dy
sur
ia=Pai
nful
uri
nat
ion

Menor
rhagi
a=Pai
nful
menst
ruat
ion

Menar
che=Begi
nni
ngmenst
ruat
ion

Amenor
rhea=Wi
thoutmenses

OC=Or
alCont
racept
ive

BCP=Bi
rt
hcont
rol
pil
l
s

P=Par
a(no.ofchi
l
dren)

STE=Sel
f-
test
icul
arexam

DPT=Di
pht
her
iaper
tussi
stet
anus

PPD=packsperdayorTBski
ntest

ASHD=ar
ter
ioscl
erot
ichear
tdi
sease

WNWD=wel
lnour
ished,
wel
ldev
eloped
PND=par
oxy
sinal
noct
urnal
dyspnea

G=Gr
avi
da(
no.ofpr
egnanci
es)

DUB=dy
sfunct
ional
uter
inebl
eedi
ng

PNMP=Pr
evi
ousnor
mal
menst
rual
per
iod

COPD=chr
oni
cobst
ruct
ivepul
monar
ydi
sease

A=Abor
ti
ons(
no.ofabor
ti
ons/
miscar
ri
ages)

EDC=Expect
eddat
eofconf
inement(
del
i
ver
y).

AC>BC=ai
rconduct
iongr
eat
ert
hanboneconduct
ion

CVA=cost
alv
ert
ebr
alangel
cer
ebr
ovascul
aracci
dent

Cc=cur
rentcompl
aint
;cubi
ccent
imet
Cr[
1cc=1ml
]

PERRLA=pupi
l
sequal
,round,
regul
ar,
reactt
oli
ght&accommodat
ion

Gr
adi
ngofPul
se+4=Boundi
ng

+3=Ful
l(Nor
mal
)
+2=Di
ff
icul
ttopal
pat
e,maybeobl
i
ter
atedwi
thpr
essur
e.

+1=Di
ff
icul
ttopal
pat
e,easi
l
yobl
i
ter
atedwi
thpr
essur
e.

0=Absent

Gr
adi
ngofRef
lexes

0=Nor
esponse

+1=Sl
uggi
sh

+2=Expect
ed

+3=Hy
per
act
ivewi
thoutcl
onus.

+4=Hy
per
act
ivewi
thcl
onus.