Materials Used for SKF Rolling Bearings

Bearing rings and rolling elements

Through-hardening steels Case-hardening steels

Carbon chromium steel Chromium-nickel alloyed steel
containing approximately and manganese-chromium
1 % carbon and alloyed steel containing
1,5 % chromium approximately 0,15 % carbon

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Heat Treatments

Advantages
Martensite hardening Bainitic hardening Case hardening

Less costly Tough structure Hard surface and soft core

resists through cracking
Fixture can be used to Automatic dimensional
reduce distortion stability Highest compressive
residual surface stresses
Compressive residual
surface stresses

Disadvantages
Martensite hardening Bainitic hardening Case hardening

Highest risk of propagation Somewhat more costly Time consuming and

of surface cracks than martensite costly process

Lower hardness

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Heat treat and hardness

Martensite-hardened material Bainite-hardened material

(through hardening) (through hardening)
Tensile stresses 50 – 100 MPa Compressive stresses 50 – 100 MPa

60 HRC 59 HRC

59 HRC 58 HRC

Case-hardened material : Tensile

Compressive stresses 200 – 400 MPa stresses
60 HRC

35 HRC
: Compressive
stresses

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
 Dimensional Stability

Change in diameter (μm/100 mm)

Martensite

Bainite

Hours

Holding time at 200 °C (392 °F)

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
 Dimensional stability designation

Stabilization Operating Hardness

Class Temperature HRC
SN up to 120° C (248° F) 59 to 63
S0 up to 150° C (302° F) 58 to 62
S1 up to 200° C (392° F) 57 to 61
S2 up to 250° C (482° F) 56 to 60
S3 up to 300° C (572° F) 54 to 58
S4 up to 350° C (662° F) 50 to 54

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The Principle SKF Rolling Bearing Range

Ball bearings

Roller bearings

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 Ball and Roller Bearing Ranges

Ball bearings + Roller bearings

Deep groove Angular Self-aligning Cylindrical Taper Needle Spherical
contact

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 Load Capabilities

Load carrying capacity

is expressed as the basic
dynamic load rating

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Relative Speed Limitations
r/min

Oil lubrication
speed rating

Grease lubrication Bearing

speed rating speed limit

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Bearing components

Seal Rolling Elements Inner Ring

Outer Ring Cage Seal

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 Bearing terminology...

Bore Surface

Outside Bore
Diameter I.D.
O.D.

O.D. Surface

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
 Bearing terminology

Side Faces

Inner Ring Land Inner Ring Raceway

(Shoulder)

Outer Ring Raceway

Outer Ring Land
(Shoulder)

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Catalog dimensions

B
Dd
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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Bearing terminology for a spherical roller bearing

Outer Ring
Cage

Inner Ring Inner Ring

Raceway

Guide Ring

Rolling
Element
Side Faces
W33 Lubrication
Groove and Hole

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 Cage Variants

Polyamide Window-type Window-type

cage sheet steel cage solid brass cage

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Pressed cages

+ Lightweight

+ High strength

No operating
+ temperature limit

High vibration and

+ acceleration resistance

Sensitive to
– poor lubrication

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Machined cages: brass

+ Very high strength

Very high vibration and

+ acceleration resistance

Suitable for very high

+ speed in connection
with circulating oil

Relatively (very)
– expensive

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute
Molded cages: polyamide

+ Lightweight

+ High elasticity

+ Good sliding properties

Good marginal
+ lubrication properties

Operating temperature
– < +120 °C

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SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute