10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES

Department of Education Republic of the Philippines

Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module5: Illustrate a geometric sequence
First Edition, 2019

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 10
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Illustrate a geometric sequence
M10AL-Id-1

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Hi. As the facilitator of this module, kindly orient the learner on how to go about in
reading and answering this learning material. Please be patient and encourage the
learner to complete this module. By the way, do not forget to remind the learner to
use separate sheets in answering all of the activities found in this module.

For the learner:

Hello learner. I hope you are ready to progress in your Grade 10 Mathematics by
accomplishing this learning module. This is designed to provide you with
interactive tasks to further develop the desired learning competencies prescribed in
the K-12 Curriculum of the Department of Education. In this module, you are
expected to illustrate a geometric sequence.

Here is a guide on the parts of the learning modules which you need to understand
as you progress in reading and analyzing its content.

ICON LABEL DETAIL

What I need to know This contains the learning objectives
which you need to accomplish
What I know This assesses what you know about
the lesson you are to tackle
What’s In This connects the current lessons
with the previous lessons
What’s New This introduces the lesson through an
activity
What’s Is It This contains a brief discussion of the
lessons
What’s More These are activities to check your
understanding of the lesson
What I have Learned This summarizes the important ideas
presented in the lesson
What I Can Do This is a real life application of what
you have learned
Assessment This is a post assessment of what you
have learned
Additional Activities This is an activity that will strengthen
your knowledge about the lesson
 What I need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here
to help you identify the common ratio and the nth term of a geometric
sequence. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course but the pacing in which you read and answer this
module will depend on your ability.

After going through this module, the learner should be able to:
a. determine a geometric sequence,
b. identify the common ratio of a geometric sequence, and
c. find the next term of a geometric sequence.

What I Know
A. Multiple Choice. Read and analyze the following items and determine
the letter of the correct answer from the given choices. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_____ 1. This refers to the number that is being multiplied to the preceding
terms of a geometric sequence in order to obtain the next term in
the sequence.
A. Common Difference C. First Term
B. Common Ratio D. Last Term
_____ 2. Which of the following is an example of a geometric sequence?
A. 1, 2, 3, 4 C. 15, 12, 9, 6
B. 1, , , D. 1, , ,

_____ 3. What is the next term of the geometric sequence 40, 20, 10,…?
A. 0 C. 5
B. 1 D. 10
_____ 4. Find the common ratio of the sequence 48, 24, 12, 6,…
A. 1 C. 2
B. D. ¼
_____ 5. What is the missing term in the geometric sequence 4, – 8, ___ , – 32
to make the sequence geometric?
A. 12 C. 16
B. – 12 D. – 16
_____ 6. What is the common ratio of the geometric sequence 9, - 27, 81,…?
A. 18 C. 3
B. – 18 D. – 3
_____ 7. Which of the following statements will let you obtain the common
ratio of a geometric sequence?
A. Subtract the first term from the second term of the sequence.
B. Subtract the second term from the first term of the sequence.
C. Divide the first term by the second term of the sequence.
D. Divide the second term by the first term of the sequence.
_____ 8. If the common ratio of a sequence is – 6 and the first term is 4,
then, what will be the second term of the sequence?
A. 10 C. – 18
B. – 2 D. – 24
_____ 9. Supply the missing term in the sequence 1, __, ¼, to make the
sequence, geometric.
A. 2 C. 3
B. D.

For items 10 – 15, refer from the choices on the box. Identify the common
ratio of the given geometric sequences.

A. 2 B. 7 C. D. – 3 E. F.

_____ 10. 3 , - 9 , 27 , - 81

_____ 11. , , ,

_____ 12. 20 , 10 , 5 ,

_____ 13. , ,

_____ 14. 64 , 16 , 4 , 1

_____ 15. , , ,
 Lesson

1 Geometric Sequences

What’s In

In your previous lessons, you have already learned how to generate

arithmetic sequences.
To review what you have already learned on arithmetic sequences from
the preceding modules, accomplish the following activity.
AM I ARITHMETIC OR NOT?
Identify whether the given sequence is arithmetic or not. Write AS if it is
arithmetic, otherwise, write NA.
_________ 1. 5, 11, 17, 23,…
Hint: For item number 1, the
_________ 2. 3, 9, 27, 81,… succeeding terms are obtained by
_________ 3. 12, 9, 6, 3,… adding 6, which is the common
difference, to the preceding terms.
_________ 4. 1, , , ,… Therefore, it is arithmetic.

_________ 5. 8, , 9, ,…

How were you able to identify if the sequence is arithmetic or not? If

some of the examples above are not arithmetic, what kind of sequence are
they?
Let’s discover another type of sequence through this module.

What’s New
Look at the pictures shown below. Have you ever wondered how do
plants grow? On your Facebook account, you know how many
likers/reactors you have in couple of minutes? When saving your money at
the bank, have you realized how much will it increase monthly, quarterly or
yearly? These are just but situations that will help you arrange or organize
things accurately and make wise decisions.
 Consider yourself depositing an amount of money in a local bank
which offers 8% interest rate compounded annually. If you deposited
P10,000 on that bank, how much will you earn after a year? 2 years? 3
years? Or even 10 years?

Let us compute for the simple interest which is only paid on the initial
principal amount
Interest
Php 10, 000 + [(Php 10, 000)(0.08)] or 10,000 (1.08) = 10, 800 rate
(principal) + (interest earned) = (end of year balance)

How much will you earn in two years?

Php 10, 000(1.08)(1.08) = 11, 664

How much will you earn in three years?

Php 10, 000(1.08)(1.08)(1.08) = 12, 597.12

What is It: Let’s Discuss!

From the given situation, the principal amount you have is 10, 000 pesos.
Then, after a year of investing, you had a remaining balance of 10, 800 pesos. After
the second year, you obtained a remaining balance of 11, 664 pesos, and 12, 597.
12 pesos after the third year.
The figure shows the remaining balance you obtained for three years.

10, 000 First Term (a1) = Principal

pesos Amount
Second Term (a2)= obtained by
multiplying 10, 000 x 1. 08 10, 800 pesos
Third Term (a3)= obtained by
multiplying 10, 800 x 1.08
11, 664 pesos
Fourth Term (a4) = obtained by
multiplying 11, 664 x 1. 08 12, 597. 12 pesos
From the figure, can you predict the next terms?
Consider the principal amount as the first term, then the
second term will be the remaining balance after a year, then the third
term will be the remaining balance after two years, and so on. The
terms were obtained by multiplying a constant value (1.08) from the
preceding term. The constant value is referred to as the common
ratio (r) and the terms can be denoted by an whereas, n refers to the
placement of the term. This sequence is an example of geometric
sequence.
Therefore, the fifth term of the sequence
can be obtained by: How will you obtain
the common ratio?
Fourth Term x Common Ratio = Fifth Term
a4 ( r ) = a 5
a5 = 12, 597.12(1.08) , then, The common ratio
a5 = 13, 604.76 can be obtained by :
𝒂𝟐 𝒂𝟑 𝒂𝟒
or or ...
𝒂 𝟏 𝒂𝟐 𝒂𝟑

𝒔𝒖𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎
𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎

What’s More

ACTIVITY 1: GENERATE THAT PATTERN…!

1. Find the next three terms of the geometric sequence 3, 21, 147, …
Solution: To find the next three terms of the sequence:
a. First, identify the common ratio ( r ).

b. Afterwards, multiply the obtained common ratio ( r ) to the preceding

term to get the next term.

a1 = 3 a4 = 147 x 7 = 1 029
a2 = 3 x 7 = 21 a5 = 1 029 x 7 = 7 203
a3 = 21 x 7 = 147 a6 = 7 203 x 7 = 50 421
Therefore, the next three terms of the geometric sequence are 1 029, 7 203,
and 50 421.
 2. You are planning to buy a new blouse which costs 300 pesos as a
present to your mother this Christmas season. You started saving money on
the first week of November and doubling the amount to save every after a
week. If you started saving 5 pesos on the first week, will you be able to buy
the blouse at the end of the second week of December? What is the
sequence obtained?
To solve the problem, you must have to analyze accurately the given
situation. The amount to be saved is doubled every after a week, therefore,
you must multiply the preceding term by two (2) in order to obtain the
succeeding terms. The initial amount saved is 5 pesos, while your target
amount at the end of the second week of December is 300 pesos.
To represent the situation:

5 pesos 1st week of November 300 pesos 2nd week of December

Initial amount saved

Target amount at the
end of the second week

From the first week of November up to the second week of December,

there is a total of six weeks.
Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total
No.
Amount 5 x 2 = 10 x 2 = 20 x 2 = 40 x 2 = 80 x 2 =
Saved 5 10 20 40 80 160 315

Adding all your savings from the 1st week up to 6th week will enable
you to identify if it’s possible to buy the blouse for your mother. From the
table, the amount obtained is 315 pesos, therefore, you will be able to buy
the blouse at the end of second week of December.
The geometric sequence obtained is 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, …

ASSESSMENT 1. IT’S YOUR TURN!

A frog is 1 meter away from a door and then jumps three-fourth away
from its initial point. The frog jumps three - fourth each time it jump. What
is the geometric sequence followed by the number of jumps, if the initial
distance reached by the frog’s first jump is 20 centimeters?
Construct a table of values for showing the relationship between the
number of jumps and distance covered per jump. Then, write the geometric
sequence.
 Number of
Jumps
Distance
Covered

Geometric Sequence: __________________________________________

ACTIVITY 2: WHO’S ON DECK?

Set of geometric sequences are provided below. Identify the value of the
missing term that will satisfy the given geometric sequences. Write your
answer on the blank provided.

1. 3, 12, 48, ___
The missing term is next to 48
and the common ratio is 4. To obtain
the missing term, multiply 4 to 48.
Therefore, the missing term is 192.
2. ___ , 32, 64, 128
The missing term is a number before 32,
which is a succeeding term; and the
common ratio is 2. To obtain the missing
term, divide 32 by 2.
Therefore, the missing term is 16.
Remember
To identify the missing term:
First, you must have to find the
common ratio.
If the unknown value is a
succeeding term, then multiply the
common ratio to the preceding term.
If the unknown value is a preceding
term, then divide the succeeding
term by the common ratio.

ASSESSMENT 2. MISSING IN ACTION

Directions: Identify the value of the missing term that will satisfy the given
geometric sequences. Write your answer on the blank provided.

1. ____, - 32 , 16, - 8

2. 100, 50, 25, _____

3. – 2, 12, _____ , 432

4. – 4, - 16 , - 64, _____

5. 32, 2, , _____
 What I have learned

SHADE THAT GEOMETRIC

Directions: Identify whether the given sequence is geometric or not.
SHADING THE BOXES
1. Prepare a crayon of any shade you want.
2. Color the boxes which contains a geometric sequence.

-2, 6, -18, 54 3, - 2, 4, - 5 2, 1, , , , 1, 2 100, 50, 0, -

50

0, 12, 24, 36 5, 15, 45, 135 2, - 4, 8, - 16 3, 6, 12, 24 15, 5, ,

5, , , 7, -3, 4, 1 3, -2, 4, 7 15, 20, 25, 30 108, 36, 12, 4

1, 2, 3, 4 65, 13, 90, 30, 10 15, 5, 1, , 2,

-2, - 6, -18, - 10, 20, 30, 40 10, 20, 40, 80 5, 50, 500 20, 10, 5,
54

You did Great!

A THOUGHT TO PONDER
Directions: A message is hidden in the box. Follow these steps to decode the
message.
Step 1. Identify the common ratio of the geometric sequences in the
Question box.
Step 2. Match the answer that you got with those found in the Answer Box.
Step 3. Write the corresponding word above the correct answer in the
Answer Box.

QUESTION BOX
TO NOT PERSON PRAY FOR
1, 4, 16 12, 6, 3 2, - 8, 32 7, 14, 28 , ,
; AN A BE STRONG
, , 100, 20, 2,-2, 2,-2 , ,1 2, 40, 800
4
PRAY EASY INSTEAD LIFE
2, , ,-1,2 , -1, 3 32, 8, 2 10, 10, 10

ANSWER BOX

2 –2

1 3 –3 4

5 –1 20 –4

MESSAGE : _________________________________________________________

Amazing. You’re almost there!

 What I can do

PUSH IT !
A child on a swing is pushed by his father until the swing reached a
maximum height of 4 feet. Then, the father released the swing and observed
that maximum height of the swing decreases by 15% on each successive
swing.
1. If the swing is pushed once by the father, what will be the height
reached on the third swing? on the fourth swing? on the eight
swing?
2. Write on the table the values showing the relationship between the
number of swing and the height reached.

Number of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Swing
Height
Reached
 Assessment
Multiple Choice. Read and analyze the following items and determine the
letter of the correct answer from the given choices. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
_____ 1. This refers to the number that is being multiplied to obtain a
geometric sequence.
A. Number of Terms C. Common Difference
B. Common Denominator D. Common Ratio
_____ 2. Which of the following is an example of a geometric sequence?

A. 2, 4, 6, 8 C. , , 1, 2
B. 12, 8, 4, 0 D. 1, , ,

_____ 3. What is the next term of the geometric sequence 12, 6, 3,…?

A. 1 C.
B. 0 D.

_____ 4. Find the common ratio of the sequence 1, 1/3, 1/9, 1/27,…

A. C. 1
B. 3 D.

_____ 5. What must be placed on the blank - 4, 8, ___ , 32 to make the

sequence geometric?
A. 12 C. 16
B. – 12 D. – 16
_____ 6. What is the common ratio of the sequence - 9, 27, - 81,…?

A. - 3 C.
B. 3 D. –

_____ 7. Which of the following statements will let you obtain the common
ratio of a geometric sequence?
A. Divide the first term from the second term of the sequence.
B. Subtract the first term from the second term of the sequence.
C. Subtract the second term from the first term of the sequence.
D. Divide the second term from the first term of the sequence.
_____ 8. If the common ratio of a sequence is – 3 and the first term is 3,
then, what is the fourth term?
 A. 27 C. – 81
B. – 27 D. 81

_____ 9. What value must be placed on the blank to make the sequence , __
, 12 ,… geometric?
A. 2 C. 3
B. D.

_____ 10. Which of the following statement is true to all geometric

sequences?
A. If the common ratio is negative, then the sequence is increasing.
B. If the common ratio is negative, then all the terms of the sequence
is also negative.
C. If the common ratio is lesser than one, then the sequence is
decreasing.
D. If the common ratio is lesser than one, then the sequence is
decreasing.
_____ 11. Consider yourself depositing an amount of money in a local bank
which offers 3% interest rate compounded annually. If you deposited P5,000
on that bank, how much will you earn after 3 years?
A. P150. 00 C. P401. 50
B. P304. 50 D. P463. 635
_____ 12. Annie deposited an amount of money on a bank which offers 5%
interest rate compounded annually. If she deposited Php 7, 500. 00, in how
many years will her money amount to Php 8 , 772. 32?
A. after 2 years C. after 4 years
B. after 3 years D. after 5 years
_____ 13. Juan deposited an amount of P10, 000 . 00 on a local bank. If the
interest rate of the bank is 4 % compounded monthly, then how much is the
interest to be added to the initial amount on the 4th year?
A. P816 . 00 C. P1, 698 . 59
B. P1, 248. 64 D. P2, 166 . 53
 Additional Activity

Ben is planning to visit his friend Albert, who is suffering from colds
and headache. Ben uses his car to travel to Albert’s house. The initial speed
of Ben’s car is 20 mph, then constantly increasing one-fourth of its
preceding speed.
1. If the constant increase of its speed is done every 10 minutes, then
what will be his car’s speeds for the first 30 minutes?
2. If the constant increase of its speed is done every 30 minutes, then
what will be the car’s speeds for the first two hours?
3. Construct a table of values which shows the relationship between
the car’s speed for the first hour if the constant increase is 1/3 of
the preceding speed for every 20 minutes.
4. What is the common ratio obtained by the sequence on the table of
values?

Congratulations! MISSION ACCOMPLISHED …

 WHAT’S
PRE – TEST MORE:ASSESSMENT 2
1. B 1. 64 , - 32 , 16, - 8
2. D
3. C
4. B 2. 100, 50, 25,
5. C 25/2
6. D
7. D 3. – 2, 12, - 72 ,
8. D 432
9. B
10. D 4. – 4, - 16 , - 64,
11. B 256
12. E
13. A 5. 32, 2, 1/8 ,
14. C 1/128
15. F
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED.
WHAT’S IN? ACTIVITY 1
1. AS
2. NA
3. AS
4. NA
5. AS
WHAT’S MORE:ASSESSMENT 1
Number of 1 2 3 4 5
Jumps
Distance 20 15 45/4 135/16 405/64
Covered
ANSWER KEYS
 WHAT I HAVE LEARNED.
ACTIVITY 2
www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/35995428
www.VectorStock.com/15088776
REFERENCES
ASSESSMENT
1. D
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. C
11. D
12. C
13. C
WHAT I CAN DO
No. of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Swing
MESSAGE : Pray not for an easy life; instead
Height 4ft 3.4 2.9 2.4 2.04 1.7 1.4 1.32
pray to be a strong person.
Reached
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
1. 39. 0625 mph
2. 48. 83 mph
3. Table
Car’s interval every 0 20 40 60
20 mins
Car’ s Speed 20 mph 26.67mph 35.56mph 47.41
mph
4. common ratio ( r ) = 1. 3333333
ANSWER
Cabral,Josephine,Bernabe,Julieta,and Valencia,Efren.New Trends in Math
Series,Algebra II. Araneta Avenue,Quezon City: Vibal Publishing House
Incorporated, 2004.