Abbreviations and Acronyms

AFI Agro-Food Industries DAO DeAsphalted Oil

API American Petroleum Institute DEA Diethanolamine
ASTM American Society for Testing DEG Diethyleneglycol
and Materials DG Density of Grain
ASVAHL Association for upgrading DMSO Dimethylsulfoxide
heavy oils (Association pour
la valorisation des huiles DP Density of Packing
lourdes) DSK Density of Solid Skeleton
AWC Acid Wash Color DST Density of Structure
Az Azeotrope ED Electrodialysis
bbl barrel (159 1) ENSPM-FI kale Nationale SupCrieure
BET Brunauer, Emmet, Teller du Petrole et des Moteurs -
Formation industrie: the pro-
BP British Petroleum
fessional training arm of the
BPSD Barrel per stream day IFP graduate engineering
(1 BPSD = 50 t/an) school
BS Bright Stock ETBE Ethyltertiobutylether
BTS Low Sulfur (basse teneur FCC Fluid Catalytic Cracking
en soufre)
FF French Francs
BTX Benzene, Toluene and
Xylenes FRI Fractionation Research
Institute
CDT Critical Dissolution
Temperature GP Gas Permeation
CEA Commissariat A I’tnergie GTL Gas to Liquid Conversion
Atomique HCO Heavy Cycle Oil (heavy gas
CMS Carbon Molecular Sieve oil from catalytic cracking)
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand HDC Hydrocracking
COP Coefficient of performance HDS Hydrodesulfurization
(machine) HETP Height Equivalent to a
Theoretical Plate
cou Coefficient of performance
(unit) HF Hydrofluoric Acid
D Dialysis HKGO Heavy Coking Gas Oil
XXXlV ABBREVIATIONS
AND ACRONYMS

HP High Pressure (steam) PID With Proportional,

Integral and Derived action
HTU Height of a Transfer Unit
(regulator)
HV High Voltage
POX Partial Oxidation
HVGO High Vacuum G a s Oil Peng-Robinson equation
PR
IAS Ideal Adsorption Solution of state
IFP Institut Frangais du PCtrole PSA Pressure Swing Adsorption
IUPAC International Union of Pure PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
and Applied Chemistry (Teflon)
KUOP Characterization factor PV Pervaporation
LCO Light Cycle Oil (gas oil from RCC Real Counter Current
catalytic cracking) RDC Rotating Disk Contactor
LCST Lower Critical Solution RO Reverse Osmosis
Temperature Simulated Counter Current
SCC
LKGO Light Coking Gas Oil SMB Simulated Moving Bed
LP Low Pressure (steam) SRK SoaveRedlich-Kwong
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gases equation of state
LVGO Light Vacuum Gas Oil TAN Total Acidity Number
MEK Methylethylketone TBP True Boiling Point
MF Microfiltration TEG Triethyleneglycol
MP Medium Pressure (steam) TETRA Tetraethyleneglycol
MSC Molecular Sieve Carbon toe Ton of oil equivalent
(1 toe = 4 500 kwh)
MTBE Methyltertiobutylether
TSA Temperature Swing
MVGO Medium Vacuum Gas Oil
Adsorption
NF Nanofiltration
UCST Upper Critical Solution
NMF N-formylmorpholine Temperature
NMP N-methylpyrrolidone UF Ultrafiltration
NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance UNIQUAC Universal Quasi Chemical
NRTL Non Random Two Liquids UOP Union Oil Product
NTU Number of Transfer Units VD Vacuum Distillate
P Proportional vdW van der Waals equation
PA Pumparound of state
Potential Hydrogen VGO Vacuum Gas Oil
PH
PI With Proportional and VI Viscosity Index
Integral action (regulator) VR Vacuum Residue