API 570

FOURTH EDITION, FEBRUARY 2016

Piping Inspection Code: In-service

Inspection, Rating, Repair, and
Alteration of Piping Systems

5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices

Prepared By Yousef Akbari 1395

5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.1 Inspection Plans
5.1.1 Piping Systemization and Circuitization

PFD (process flow diagram)

P&ID (process and instrumentation diagram)

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.1 Inspection Plans
5.1.1 Piping Systemization and Circuitization

the general location of damage mechanisms within the process unit. Piping systems
generally have common characteristics such as one or more of the following:

Corrosion Faulty
Mechanism Operation

Faulty Material

Metallurgical ,
Mechanical Faulty
Change Fabrication

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.1 Inspection Plans
5.1.2 Development of an Inspection Plan
Examinations shall be scheduled at intervals that consider the:

a) type of damage (see API 571),

b) rate of damage progression,

c) tolerance of the equipment to the type of damage,

d) capability of the NDE method to identify the damage,

e) maximum intervals as defined in codes and standards,

f) extent of examination,

g) Recent operating history, including IOW exceedances;

h) MOC records that may impact inspection plans;

i) RBI assessments or piping classification.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.1 Inspection Plans
5.1.3 Minimum Contents of an Inspection Plan
a) define the type(s) of inspection needed, (e.g. internal, external, on-stream ,nonintrusive);
b) identify the next inspection date for each inspection type;
c) describe the inspection methods and NDE techniques;
d) describe the extent and locations of inspection and NDE at CMLs;
e) describe the surface cleaning requirements needed for inspection and examinations for
each type of inspection;
f) describe the requirements of any needed pressure test (e.g. type of test, test pressure,
test temperature, and duration);
g) describe any required repairs if known or previously planned before the upcoming
inspection.
h) describe the types of damage anticipated or experienced in the piping systems;
i) define the location of the expected damage;
j) define any special access and preparation needed.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.2 RBI

Reference API 580, API581, API1160, ASME B31.8S

COF
POF

What Happening after

Reason Of Failure Failure

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.2 RBI

5.2.1 General

RBI Score ={ ∑ Pi(a+b+…)}× {∑ Ci(a’+b’+…)}

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.2 RBI
5.2.4 Documentation

After an RBI assessment is conducted, the results can be used to establish the equipment
inspection plan and better define the following:

a) the most appropriate inspection and NDE methods, tools, and techniques;

b) the extent of NDE (e.g. percentage of equipment to examine);

c) the interval or due date for internal (where applicable), external, and on-stream
inspections;

d) the need for pressure testing after damage has occurred or after repairs/alterations
have been completed;

e) the prevention and mitigation steps to reduce the probability and consequence of
equipment failure. (e.g. repairs, process changes, inhibitors, etc.).

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.2 RBI
5.2.5 Frequency of RBI Assessments

When RBI assessments are used to set equipment inspection intervals or due

dates, the assessment shall be updated after each equipment inspection as

defined in API 580 Section 15. The RBI assessment shall be updated at

least every 10 years or more often if process or hardware changes are made, or

after any event occurs that could significantly affect damage rates or damage

mechanisms

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.3 Preparation for Inspection
5.3.1 General

Safety

Procedures for segregating piping systems

Installing blanks (blinds)

external inspection are performed

all sources of harmful liquids, gases, or vapors Attended

Inspector should obtain permission to work

safety requirements for electrical equipment

Tool's For Inspection

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.3 Preparation for Inspection
5.3.2 Records Review

inspectors should familiarize themselves with prior inspection results

overview of the types of deterioration and failure

Study Technical Inspection Plane

 Prediction Condition and failure modes experienced by piping systems are

provided in API 571 and API 579-1/ASME FFS-1.

Attend To Flange and Bolting In Acc ASME PCC1

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
1) suffidation and high temperature H2S/H2 corrosion; -API 571 Sections 4.4.2 and
5.1.1.5 and API 939-C;
Description of Damage
Corrosion of carbon steel and other alloys resulting from their reaction with sulfur
compounds in high temperature environments.

Affected Materials: CS, AS, SS-300, SS-400, Ni(Depend %Cr), CU Alloy

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
2) oxidation; refer to API 571 Section 4.4.1;
Description of Damage :Oxygen reacts with carbon steel and other alloys at high
temperature converting the metal to oxide scale

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
3) microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC); refer to API 571 Section 4.3.8;
Description of Damage
A form of corrosion caused by living organisms such as bacteria, algae or fungi. It is often
associated with the presence of tubercles or slimy organic substances
Because there are several types, organisms can survive and grow under severe conditions
including lack of oxygen, light or dark, high salinity, pH range of 0 to 12, and temperatures
from 0°F to 235°F (–17°C to 113°C).

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
4) naphthenic acid corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 5.1.1.7;
Description of Damage

Fe + 2 RCOOH = Fe (RCOO)2 + H2

121< Temperature <232

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
5) erosion/erosion-corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.2.14

Description of Damage
a) Erosion is the accelerated mechanical removal of
surface material as a result of relative movement
between, or impact from solids, liquids, vapor or any
combination hereof.

b) Erosion-corrosion is a description for the damage that

occurs when corrosion contributes to erosion by
removing protective films or scales, or by exposing the
metal surface to further corrosion underthe combined
action of erosion and corrosion

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
6) galvanic corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.3.1;
Description of Damage
A form of corrosion that can occur at the junction of dissimilar metals when they are
joined together in a suitable electrolyte, such as a moist or aqueous environment, or
soils containing moisture

Presence of an electrolyte

Two different materials or alloys known

as the anode and the cathode

An electrical connection must exist

between the anode and the cathode

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
7) atmospheric corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.3.2;
Description of Damage
A form of corrosion that occurs from moisture associated with atmospheric conditions.
Marine environments and moist polluted industrial environments with airborne
contaminants are most severe. Dry rural environments cause very little corrosion.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
8) corrosion under insulation (CUI); refer to API 571 Section 4.3.3;
Description of Damage
Corrosion of piping, pressure vessels and structural components resulting from water
trapped under insulation or fireproofing.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
9) cooling water corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.3.4;
Description of Damage
General or localized corrosion of carbon steels and other metals caused by dissolved
salts, gases, organic compounds or microbiological activity.

1. Temperature<60C

2. Decrease Velocity Of Water

3. Upgrade Material

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
10) boiler water condensate corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.3.5
Description of Damage
General corrosion and pitting in the boiler system and condensate return piping.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
11) soil corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.3.9
Description of Damage
The deterioration of metals exposed to soils is referred to as soil corrosion.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
12) ammonium bisulfide and chloride corrosion; refer to API 571 Sections 5.1.1.2 and 5.1.1.3
Description of Damage
General or localized corrosion, often pitting, normally occurring under ammonium
chloride or amine salt deposits, often in the absence of a free water phase.

Concentration (NH3, HCl, H20 or amine salts), temperature and water availability are the
critical factors.

Ammonium chloride salts are hygroscopic, and readily absorb water. A small amount of
water canlead to very aggressive corrosion [>100 mpy (>2.5 mm/y] .

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
a) General and localized metal loss: Deterioration and Failure
13) carbon dioxide corrosion; refer to API 571 Section 4.3.6.
Description of Damage
Carbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion results when CO2 dissolves in water to form carbonic
acid (H2CO3). The acid may lower the pH and sufficient quantities may promote general
corrosion and/or pitting corrosion of carbon steel

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
b) Surface connected cracking Deterioration and Failure
1) mechanical fatigue cracking; refer to API 571 Section 4.2.16;

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
b) Surface connected cracking Deterioration and Failure
2) thermal fatigue cracking; refer to API 571 Section 4.2.9;

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
b) Surface connected cracking Deterioration and Failure
3) caustic stress corrosion cracking; refer to API 571 Section 4.5.3;

Description of Damage
Caustic embrittlement is a form of stress corrosion cracking characterized by surface-
initiated cracks that occur in piping and equipment exposed to caustic, primarily
adjacent to non-PWHT’d welds.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
b) Surface connected cracking Deterioration and Failure
4) polythionic stress corrosion cracking; refer to API 571 Section 5.1.2.1;

Description of Damage
a) A form of stress corrosion cracking normally occurring during shutdowns, startups or
during operation when air and moisture are present. Cracking is due to sulfur acids
forming from sulfide scale, air and moisture acting on sensitized austenitic stainless
steels.

b) Usually adjacent to welds or high stress areas.

c) Cracking may propagate rapidly through the wall thickness of piping and components
in a matter of minutes or hours.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
b) Surface connected cracking Deterioration and Failure
5) sulfide stress cracking; refer to API 571 Section 5.1.2.3;

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
b) Surface connected cracking Deterioration and Failure
6) chloride stress corrosion cracking; refer to API 571 Section 4.5.1

Description of Damage
Surface initiated cracks caused by environmental cracking of 300 Series SS and some
nickel base alloys under the combined action of tensile stress, temperature and an
aqueous chloride environment. The presence of dissolved oxygen increases
propensity for cracking

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
c) Subsurface cracking: Deterioration and Failure
1) hydrogen induced cracking; refer to API 571 Section 4.4.2;

+ + +
+
Fluid H H H H

+
H2 H

+ +
H H2H

+
C4H4
H C

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
c) Subsurface cracking: Deterioration and Failure
2) wet hydrogen sulfide cracking; refer to API 571 Section 5.1.2.3

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
c) Subsurface cracking: Deterioration and Failure

d) High-temperature micro-fissuring/micro-void formation and eventual macro-racking:

1) high-temperature hydrogen attack; refer to API 941, Section 6;

2) creep/stress rupture; refer to API 571 Section 4.2.8.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.1 Piping System Damage Types Locations of Damage Modes of
c) Subsurface cracking: Deterioration and Failure

e) Metallurgical changes:
1) graphitization; refer to API 571 Section 4.2.1;
2) temper embrittlement; refer to API 571 Section 4.2.3;
3) hydrogen embrittlement; refer to API 571 Section 4.5.6.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
a) injection points and mixing points,

Second Turbulent=
7.6m

First Turbulent=
Max(3D,300mm)

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
a) injection points and mixing points,
Establish TMLs

fittings impingement of injected fluid straight upstream and

piping downstream

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
b) dead legs

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
c) CUI including ECSCC inspection,

CUI. Sources of moisture may include rain, water leaks, condensation, and deluge systems.
The most common forms of CUI are localized corrosion of carbon steel and chloride stress
corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels.

a. Areas exposed to mist overspray from cooling water towers

b. Areas exposed to steam vents
c. Areas exposed to deluge systems
d. Areas subject to process spills
e. Carbon steel piping systems(-4C < Temp<120C)
f. Temp>120c But but are in intermittent service.
g. different temperature
h. SCC in Austenitic stainless steel piping(65c< Temp<204c)

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
c) CUI including ECSCC inspection,

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
d) Soil-to-air interfaces and soil corrosion of buried piping,

Soil-to-air (S/A) interfaces for buried piping without adequate cathodic protection
shall be included in scheduled external piping inspections. Inspection at grade
should check for coating damage, bare pipe, and pit depth measurements

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
e) service specific and localized corrosion,

a. Downstream of injection points and upstream of product separators,

b. Dew-point corrosion in condensing streams.

C: Unanticipated acid or caustic carryover from processes into piping systems

d. Ammonium salt condensation locations.

e. Mixed-phase flow and turbulent areas in acidic systems.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
f) erosion and corrosion/erosion,

a. Downstream of control valves, especially when flashing is occurring.

b. Downstream of orifices
c. Downstream of pump discharges.
d. At any point of flow direction change.
e.Downstream of piping configurations

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
g) environmental cracking,

Stress Corrosion Cracking(SCC)

hydrogen damage

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
g) environmental cracking, Deterioration and Failure

Polyphonic acid SCC of sensitized austenitic

(SCC)

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
g) environmental cracking, Deterioration and Failure

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
h) corrosion beneath linings and deposits

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
i) fatigue cracking,

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
i) fatigue cracking,

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
i) fatigue cracking,

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
i) fatigue cracking,

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
j) creep cracking,
Strain

Time

LM=T1 (20+Logt1) =T2 (20+Logt2)

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
k) freeze damage,

Expansion- Nile Ductile Temperature

Shrinkage
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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
K’) Brittle fracture

ASME B31.3
Table A1

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.4 Inspection for Types and
5.4.2 Areas of Deterioration for Piping Systems Locations of Damage Modes of
Deterioration and Failure
l) contact point corrosion.

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.1 General

a) internal visual inspection,

b) on-stream inspection,

c) thickness measurement inspection,

d) various NDE examinations,

e) external visual inspection,

f) vibrating piping inspection,

g) supplemental inspection

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.2 Internal Visual Inspection

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.3 On-stream Inspection

Method

a) UT,

b) RT,

c) AE,

d) hardness testing,

e) thermo graphic imaging,

f) Microwave examination technique (MW).

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.3 On-stream Inspection

Limitation

a) type of material of construction (alloy);

b) weldments;
c) pipe junctions, nozzles, support saddles, reinforcing plates;
d) internal lining or cladding;
e) physical access and equipment temperature;
f) limitations inherent to the selected NDE technique to detect the damage mechanism;
g) type of damage mechanism (e.g. pitting versus general wall thinning).

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.4 Thickness Measurement Inspection and Various NDE Examinations

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.4 Thickness Measurement Inspection and Various NDE Examinations

Type Of Instrument

Numeric Thickness Readout

A-scan with Numeric Thickness Readout

Ultrasonic Flaw Detectors with a Numeric Display

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.4 Thickness Measurement Inspection and Various NDE Examinations

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.5 General Types of Inspection
and Surveillance
5.5.5 External Visual Inspection

Leaks

Misalignment

Supports

External Corrosion

Accumulations of Corrosive Liquids

Hot Spots

5.5.7 Supplemental
5.5.6 Vibrating Piping and
Inspection
Line Movement Surveillance

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.6 CMLs

Unit X Hot Oil Unit Y Sulfulan+ Hyd Unit Z

2-C4H6O6S =C4H6+ SO2

2H2O + SO2 = H2SO4 + H2

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.6 CMLs

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.6 CMLs

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.6 CMLs

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices
5.6 CMLs

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.7 Condition Monitoring Methods
5.7.1 UT and RT

UT For NPS>1in

RT For NPS<1in

PRT Is Common For NPS<=8in

UT Is not Reliable For NPS<2in

PRT Can Use For CUI

In UT When Temperature > 65C , correction factor. Factor Need

Pit depth measuring devices

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.7 Condition Monitoring Methods
5.7.2 Other NDE Techniques for Piping Systems

a) Magnetic particle examination

b) Liquid penetrate examination

C) Alternating current flux leakage examination

d) Eddy current examination for detecting localized metal loss

e) Field metallographic replication

f) Acoustic emission examination

g) Thermography for determining temperature of components

h) Leak testing for detecting

i) Guided wave examination

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.7 Condition Monitoring Methods

5.7.3 Surface Preparation for NDE

5.7.4 UT Angle Beam Examiners

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices

5.8 Corrosion Under Insulation Inspection

5.9 Mixing Point Inspection

5.10 Injection Point Inspection

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.11 Pressure Testing of
Piping Systems

Pressure tests are not normally conducted as part of a routine inspection

for pressure testing requirements for repairs, alterations, and rerating.)

performed in accordance with the requirements of ASME B31.3

Additional considerations are provided in API RP 574 and API RP 579.

The test fluid should be water unless there is the possibility of damage

another suitable nontoxic liquid may be used

flash pointshall be at least 120°F (49°C) or greater

Piping fabricated of or having components of 300 series stainless steel(PH>10,CL<250ppm)

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.11 Pressure Testing of
Piping Systems

Consideration should be given to the supporting structure design.

set pressure of the safety valve on a piping system
load to the valve spring by turning the adjusting screw is not recommended
gage glasses, pressure gages, expansion joints, and rupture disks, removed

Prepared By Yousef Akbari 1395

5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.12 Material Verification and
Traceability

Prepared By Yousef Akbari 1395

5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.12 Material Verification and
Traceability

Document and Performance

P&ID and PFD

Piping Line list

Isometric

PMS

Relative Standard

Test as PMI

Prepared By Yousef Akbari 1395

5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.13 Inspection of Valves

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.14 In-service Inspection of
Welds

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5 Inspection, Examination, and Pressure Testing Practices 5.15 Inspection of Flanged
Joints

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Thanks' For Your Attention

Question

Prepared By Yousef Akbari 1395