Session 9:

February 18, 2020

Gender Analysis Framework

Prof. Ila Patel

Session Overview
 Typologies of Projects
 Institutional Gender Policies
 Gender Analysis
 Gender Analysis Frameworks
 Harvard Analytical Framework

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 Women-
Specific

Typology Women's
Mainstreamed
of Projects Component

Integrated

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Typology of Projects….
Women-  Exclusively designed for women
Specific  To compensate for past inequalities

Women’s  Provide separate resources for women

Components  ‘Add-on’
 Assumption of women’s needs same as men and can be met
through same intervention

Integrated  Equal importance in all activities

 Some relational analysis but limited

Mainstreamed  Awareness and commitment to women’s concerns and

priorities
 Systematic attempt to address gender bias from project
activities

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Institutional Gender Policies
 Social Relations Framework (Naila Kabeer)
 Agency, Voice and Structure
 Institutions
 Gender Blind Policies
 Favors gender bias – likely to exclude women
 Gender Aware Policies
 Gender neutral
 Knowledge gender differences but meeting gender needs
without disturbing gender relations
 Gender-specific
 Focus on meeting gender needs but without changing existing gender
division of resources and responsibilities
 Gender-redistributive
 Focus on transforming existing distribution of resources

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What is Gender Analysis?
 Gender analysis is a starting point in gender
mainstreaming
 A tool for understanding lives of those affected by
planned development
 Understanding construction of gender identities and
inequalities
 Uncovers dynamics of gender differences across
various issues

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Why Gender Analysis?
 To identify needs of men and women

 To understand their constraints to participation

 To understand different stakeholder’s capability to

participate (levels of education, autonomy, etc.)

 To determine different benefits from participation

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Key Concepts for Gender Analysis
 Gender Equality and Gender Equity
 Sex and Gender
 Gender Relations
 Gender Roles
 Reproductive
 Productive
 Community
 Access to and Control over Resources
 Gender needs

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 Gender Needs
Maxine Molyneux (1985), Caroline Moser (1993)
 Practical Gender Needs (PGNs):
 The needs that women identify in their socially
accepted roles in society
 Do not challenge gender division of labour
 A response to immediate perceived necessity
 Identified within the specific context
 Practical in nature
 Addressing inadequacies in living conditions
 Provision of water, healthcare, employment

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Gender Needs
 Strategic Gender Needs (SGNs):
 The needs women identify because of their
subordinate position in society
 Vary according to particular context
 Related to gender division of labour, power and
control
 Challenge women’s subordinate position and
existing gender roles – greater gender equality
 Legal rights, equal wages, women’s control over
bodies, fighting domestic violence, etc.
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Gender Planning Frameworks
 Harvard Analytical Framework (Gender Roles
Framework)
 Moser Gender Planning Framework
 Gender Analysis Matrix
 Women’s Empowerment Framework
 Social Relations Framework

 Practical tools and guidelines for development

planners and practitioners

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Harvard Analytical Framework
 Activity Profile (Who does What?)
 Access and Control Profile
(Who has What?)
 Analysis of Factors Influencing Activities,
Access and Control
(What is the Socio-economic Context?)
 Project Cycle analysis
(What Gender?)
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