Risk assessment

Experiment 3: Molar Solubility and solubility Product of Calcium hydroxide

Compound Hazard Handling Spillage Disposal

(besides
wearing gloves
and goggles)

Calcium Waste
hydroxide container.

Hydrochloric Corrosive and Take up with Waste

acid, 0.05 M risk of serious liquid-absorbent container.
damage to eyes and neutralizing
material. Clean
affected area

Methyl orange Harmful if Wash hand after Take up with Waste container
swallowed working with liquid-absorbent
substance. material. Clean
affected area.

Wear gloves and goggles at all time!

Safety information can be found in MSDS (sources of MSDS: Laboratory office and
website such as www.fisher.com.my, www.merck.com)

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Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
Experiment 3: Molar Solubility and solubility Product of Calcium hydroxide

Objective

 To determine the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide.

Materials

Chemicals
 Calcium hydroxide
 Hydrochloric acid, 0.05 M
 Methyl orange
 Distilled water

Apparatus
 Burette
 Pipette
 Conical flask
 Retort stand
 Glass rod
 Filter paper
 Glass funnel

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Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
Procedure

A. Filtration of Ca(OH)2 solution

1. Fold 3 pieces of filter papers together and combine them as one to make a three-layer
filter paper.
2. Place the filter papers on the funnel, and attach the funnel on a clean conical flask.
3. Slowly pour the solution through the funnel lined with 3 pieces of filter paper into the
conical flask to collect the solid-free supernatant (saturated solution of Ca(OH)2).
4. Make sure your filtrate is clear without any presence of precipitate of Ca(OH)2.
Filtration can be repeated if you notice any presence of Ca(OH)2 precipitate.
5. Once the filtration is complete, immediately stopper the flask containing the
supernatant. Do not let it to stand around in air for a long time.
6. While waiting, you can also pipette the amount of Ca(OH)2 needed (procedure in B)
as soon as the volume is enough, and start the titration.

B. Titration of Ca(OH)2 solution

1. Rinse a 25 mL pipette at least twice with 1 to 2 mL portions of the saturated Ca(OH)2

solution and discard.
2. Pipette 25 mL of the saturated solution into a clean 125 mL flask and add 2 drops of
methyl orange indicator.
3. Fill the burette with standardized 0.05M HCl and record the initial volume in the
burette to the correct number of significant figures.
4. Record the actual concentration of the 0.05M HCl.
5. Titrate the Ca(OH)2 solution with the standardized HCl solution to the methyl orange
endpoint.
6. Repeat the titration until 2 concordant values are obtained.
7. Complete your calculation and report the value of Ksp.

5
Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
Experiment 3: Molar Solubility and solubility Product of Calcium hydroxide

Name of Student: Abdur Rafi Yuan Daud Grade

Date performed: 16/23/2020 Demonstrator: ____________ Awarded

Comments:____________________________________________________
_

Result:
 Report your measurements to the correct decimal points. Refer to the uncertainty of
each glassware.
 Indicate the correct unit for any measurement
 Complete the following tables with any missing labels.

Volume of saturated calcium hydroxide solution

Unit : mL 25.02

Concentration of standardised hydrochloric acid 0.045

solution
Unit: M

Titration 1 2 3
Initial volume HCl (unit : mL)
 12.55  26.05  32.35
Final volume HCl (unit: mL)
 25.15  38.45  44.85

 12.60  12.40  12.50

Average volume of hydrochloric acid used. Show your calculation.

( 12.60 + 12.40+12.50) / 3 = 12.50 mL

[8 marks]

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Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
Calculation:
 Show your working.
 Report your final answer with correct unit if any.

1. State the equation of the reaction between calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
Include states symbols. (2m)

Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2HCl (aq)  CaCl2 (s) + 2H2O (l)

2. Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used in the titration. (1m)

n = (12.50 mL / 1000) ÷ 0.045

= 0.278 mol

3. Calculate the number of moles of hydroxide ion, OH- in saturated solution that react
with HCl acid. (1m)

n = molarity × volume in dm^3

= 0.045 × 0.0125 mol dm^-3
= 5.625 x 10^-4 mol

4. Calculate the molarity of the hydroxide ions in 3. (1m)

Molarity = mole of solute / volume in dm^3

= 5.648 x 10^-4 M / 0.0125 mol dm-3
= 0.045 M

5. Calculate the molarity of calcium ions. (1m)

0.045 L / 2 = 0.023 M

6. Calculate the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide. (1m)

Molar solubility = (0.023)(0.045)

= 4.658 x 10^-5 mol dm^-3

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Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
 7. Determine the solubility product of calcium hydroxide. (2m)

Ca(OH)2 (s) ⇌ Ca2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq)

[Ca2+] = 4.658 x 10^-5

[OH-] = 2 × 4.658 x 10^-5

Ksp = [Ca2+][OH-]2
= (4.658 x 10^-5)(2 × 4.658 x 10^-5)2
= 4.043 x 10^-13

[9 marks]

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Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
Question:

1. Molar solubility of Ca(OH)2 will decrease, forming a precipitate of Ca(OH).

2. OH- is a common ion making equilibrium shift to the left when OH- added. Thus
reducing the solubility of Ca(OH)2 and causing Q to be greater than Ksp therefore
more formation of precipitate formed

[2 marks]

Conclusion:

The molar solubility of Ca(OH)2 is 4.043 x 10-13 mol dm-3.

[1 mark]

9
Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University
Experiment 3: Molar Solubility and solubility Product of Calcium hydroxide

Name of Student: Abdur Rafi Yuan Daud Mark

Date performed: 16/23/2020 Demonstrator: ____________ Awarded

Marks allocation:

Item Marks Marks Remarks

awarded
Results 8
Calculation 9
Question 1 1
Question 2 1
Conclusion 1
Total 20

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Foundation in Science
Chemistry 2 Practical
© International Medical University