Pattern and Inductive

Reasoning
Teresita B. Dulay
Describing a visual pattern
1. Sketch the next figure in the pattern.

Solution :
Each figure in the pattern looks like the previous figure with another row of squares added to the bottom. Each figure looks like a stairway.
So, the sixth figure in the pattern must have six squares in the bottom row.
Describing a pattern
2. Describe a pattern in the sequence of
numbers. Predict the next 2 numbers.
1, 4, 16, 64, . . . . .
Solution :
Each number is four times the previous number.
So, the next numbers are
256 and
1024
Describing a pattern
3. Describe a pattern in the sequence of
numbers. Predict the next 2 numbers.
-5,-2, 4, 13, . . . . .
Solution :
When we look at the above sequence of numbers, the following
pattern comes into picture.
When we add 3 to the first number "-5", we get the second number
"-2". To get the third number, we have to add 6 to the second
number "-2". To get the fourth number, we have to add 9 to the
third number "13".
25 and
40
Describing a pattern
4. Look carefully at the following figures.
Then use inductive reasoning to make a
conjecture about the next figure in the
pattern.
Describing a pattern
5. Look at the pattern below.
Can we draw the next figure or next set
of dots using inductive reasoning ?

Solution :
The trick is to see that one dot is always placed between and above two dots.
At the very bottom row, we have one dot in the first figure, two dots in the second figure and
three dots in the third figure.
Thus, the next figure must have four dots at the very bottom row.
Keeping this in mind, our next figure must look like this :
Logic Puzzles
Definition:
• Logic Puzzles
Logic puzzles, can be solved by
using deductive reasoning and a
chart that enables us to display
the given information in a visual
manner.
Logic Puzzle
Solve a Logic Puzzle
Each of four neighbors, Sean, Maria, Sarah, and
Brian, has a different occupation (editor, banker, chef,
or dentist). From the following clues, determine the
occupation of each neighbor.
1. Maria gets home from work after the banker but
before the dentist.
2. Sarah, who is the last to get home from work, is not
the editor.
3. The dentist and Sarah leave for work at the same
time.
4. The banker lives next door to Brian.
 1. Maria gets home from work after the banker but before the dentist.
2. Sarah, who is the last to get home from work, is not the editor.
3. The dentist and Sarah leave for work at the same time.
4. The banker lives next door to Brian.

Editor Banker Chef Dentist

Sean X  X X
Maria  X X X
Sarah X X  X
Brian X X X 
• Sean is the banker, Maria is the editor, Sarah is
the chef, and Brian is the dentist.
Example 2:
• Brianna, Ryan, Tyler, and Ashley were recently
elected as the new class officers (president, vice-
president, secretary, treasurer) of the sophomore
class at Summit College. From the following
clues, determine which position each holds.
1. Ashley is younger than the president but older
than the treasurer.
2. Brianna and the secretary are both the same
age, and they are the youngest members of the
group.
3. Tyler and the secretary are next-door
neighbors.