1. Alice, Ben and Carl collect stamps.

They exchange stamps among themselves

according to the following scheme: Alice gives Ben as many stamps as Ben has and
Carl as many stamps as Carl has. After that, Ben gives Alice and Carl as many stamps
as each of them has and then Carl gives Alice and Ben as many stamps as each of
them has. If each finally has 64 stamps, with how many stamps does Alice start?

2. If a pup is worth a pooch and a mutt, and a pup and a pooch are worth one bird dog,
and 2 bird dogs are worth 3 mutts, how many pooches is pup worth?

3.
a. (HE)2 = SHE b. W R O N G
+ WRONG
RIGHT

4. Find the units digit for the sum of 1325 + 481+ 5411
5. There are many patterns that can be discovered in Pascal’s triangle.

5.1 Find the sum of the numbers in each row, except row 0, of the portion of
Pascal’s triangle shown below. What pattern do you observe concerning these
sums? Predict the sum of the numbers in row 9 of Pascal triangle.
1 Row 0
1 1 Row 1
1 2 1 Row 2
1 3 3 1 Row 3
1 4 6 4 1 Row 4
1 5 10 10 5 1 Row 5

n(n+1)
5.2 The numbers 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, … , are called triangular numbers.
2
Where do the triangular numbers appear in Pascal’s triangle?

6. Determine the digit 100 places to the right of the decimal point in the decimal
7
representation of .
27
 1 1 1
7. Diophantus passed of his life in childhood, in youth, and more as a bachelor.
6 12 7
1
Five years after his marriage was born a son who died 4 years before his father, at
2
his father’s (final age). How old was Diophantus when he died?
8. Each of the four neighbors Sean, Maria, Sarah and Brian has a different occupation
(editor, banker, chef, or dentist). From the following clues, determine the occupation of
each neighbor.
1. Maria gets home from work after the banker but before the dentist
2. Sarah, who is the last to get home from work is not the editor.
3. The dentist and Sarah leave from work at the same time.
4. The banker lives next door to Brian.

9. The cities of Naga, Legazpi, Tabaco and Ligao held conventions this summer for
college freshmen students major in Management, Entrepreneurship, Economics and
Business Administration. From the following clues, determine which students met in
which city:
a. The economic students’ convention was in May and was held in Legazpi.
b. The Business Administration students did not meet in Tabaco and the
Management students did not meet in Ligao or Legazpi.
c. The convention in Naga was held during the first week of April, whereas the
Management students convention was held the week after that.
d. The convention in Legazpi had more students attending it then the
entrepreneurship students’ convention.

10. In order to encourage his son in the study of Algebra, a father promised the son 8
php for every problem solved correctly and to fine him 5 php for each incorrect solution.
After 26 problems, neither owed anything to the other. How many problems did the boy
solve correctly?

11. Mang Ruben has only 11-liter can and a 5-liter can. How can he measure out
exactly 7 liters of water?

12. Mary loves rose. In her rose garden, she has half as many pink roses as red, and
four times as many red ones as white. There are 36 roses that are either yellow or
white. Twenty are yellow. How many roses are in Mary’s garden?
13. S E N D
+MORE
MONEY

14. Three basketball players named Badje, Enrico and Rodel are walking to the
basketball court. Badje, the best player of the three, always tells the truth. Enrico
sometimes tells the truth, while Rodel, the worst player, always lies. The first person
said that “the guy in the middle is Rodel”. The second person said that “he is Enrico”.
The third person said that “the guy in the middle is Badje”. Determine who the first, the
second, and the third guy.

15. Anna is a teacher and her cousins are a banker, a salesperson, and an engineer. All
of them sit around a table. Anna sits on Melody’s left. Chinky sits at the banker’s right.
Katherine who faces Melody, is not the salesperson. Determine the seating
arrangement of the cousins.

16. Given 8 coins. Their appearance is the same but one is a counterfeit and is lighter
than the others. By using a balance beam, determine the counterfeit coin in exactly: (a)
3 weighings; and (b) 2 weighings. Explain your answer.

(a) 3 weighings

(b) 2 weighings

17. Place 8 queens on a chessboard (8x8) such that no two are on the same row,
column, or diagonal.

18. Two different lines can intersect in at most one point. Three different lines can
intersect at most three points, four lines can intersect in at most six points, and five lines
can intersect at most 10 points. Determine the maximum number of intersections for six
different lines.
19. Two circles can intersect in at most 2 points. Three circles can intersect in at most 6
points, four circles can intersect at most 6 points, and five circles can intersect at most
20 points. Determine the maximum number of points in which six different circles can
intersect.

20. Balls can be stacked to form a pyramid with a square base. Five of these pyramids
are shown below. Find the number of balls in the sixth pyramid and the seventh.

21. A Famous Puzzle. The mathematician Augustus De Morgan once wrote that he
had the distinction of being x years old in the year x 2 . He was 43 in the year 1849.

a. Explain why people born in the year 1980 might share the distinction of being x
years old in the year x 2. Note: Assume x is a natural number.

b. What is the next year after 1980 for which people born in that year might be x
years old in the year x 2?

22. Verify a Procedure. Select a two-digit number between 50 and 100. Add 83 to your
number. From this number form a new number by adding the digit in the hundreds place
to the number formed by the other two digit (the digit in the tens place and the ones
place). Now subtract this newly formed number from your original number. Your final
result is 16. Use a deductive approach to show that the final result is always 16
regardless of which number you start with.

23. Blackjack. In the game blackjack, a player is dealt 2 cards from a standard deck of
playing cards. The player has a blackjack if one card is an ace and the other card is a
10, a jack, a queen, or a king. In some casinos, blackjack is played with more than 1
standard deck of playing cards. Does using more than 1 deck of cards change the
probability of getting a blackjack?

24. Door Codes. A planned community has 300 homes, each with an automatic garage
door opener operated by a code of 8 numbers. The homeowner sets each of the 8
numbers to be 0 or 1. For example, a door opener code might be 01101001. Assuming
all the homes in the community are sold, what is the probability that at least 2
homeowners will set their door openers to use the same code and will therefore be able
to open each other‘s garage doors?