10/29/2020

SEPARATION PROCESSES
Lecture 5

FLASH DISTILLATION-2

Dr. Ibrahim Suleiman

FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

In equilibrium separation process, a feed stream is

separated into a liquid and vapor streams which are at
equilibrium.
V
𝑦

F L
𝑧 𝑥

Basic Equations
Material Balance for component 𝑖
𝐹. 𝑧 = 𝑉. 𝑦 + 𝐿. 𝑥 (a)

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 10/29/2020

FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

For vapor-liquid equilibrium

𝑦 = 𝐾 .𝑥 (b)
Substitute (b) into (a)
𝐹 . 𝑧 = 𝑉. 𝐾 . 𝑥 + 𝐿. 𝑥
Then
.
𝐹. 𝑧 = 𝐿. 𝑥 +1 (b’)
Rearrangement of equation (b’) and taking the
summation of both sides gives
.
𝐿 = ∑ 𝐹. 𝑧 +1 (c)

FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

Similarly

𝑉 = ∑ 𝐹. 𝑧 +1 (d)
.

=𝐴 (Absorbtion factor)
.
.
=𝑆 (Stripping factor)

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FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

Calculation Procedure:
1. Check the feed conditions at the given T and p
 If ∑ 𝐾 𝑧 = 1.0, then the feed is liquid at the bubble point
 If ∑ 𝑧 /𝐾 = 1.0, then the feed is vapor at the dew point
 If ∑ 𝐾 𝑧 > 1.0 and ∑ 𝑧 /𝐾 > 1.0, then the feed is in two phase.
2. If the feed is in two phase, assume a value for 𝐿/𝑉
3. Calculate𝐴 = for all species
.

4. Calculate 𝑉 using equation (d) 𝑉 = 𝐹 . 𝑧 +1

.
5. Calculate 𝑉 = ∑ 𝑉
6. Calculate 𝐿 = 𝐹 − 𝑉 , where F is the total feed rate
7. Calculate 𝐿 /𝑉

FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

8. Calculate % Diff.
𝐿 /𝑉 − 𝐿/𝑉
% 𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓 = × 100%
𝐿 /𝑉
9. If % Dif f>5% assume another value for L/V and repeat
Calculations
10. If % Diff<5%, then the solution is reacted
11. When solution is reached, calculate
𝑦 = and 𝑥 =
Since
𝐿 = 𝐹. 𝑧 − 𝑉
Then
𝐹. 𝑧 − 𝑉
𝑥 =
𝐿

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FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

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FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

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FLASH DISTILLATION – NUMERICAL

APPROACH

THE END

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