Hydrostatic Fluid

david.roche@ansys.com

1 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Copyright and Trademark Information

Copyright and Trademark Information

© 2016 SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use, distribution or duplication is prohibited.

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Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates

2 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Fluid - Overview

• Name of the app: Hydrostatic Fluid

• Target application: Mechanical
• Description: Expose hydrostatic fluid elements in Mechanical

Copyright and Trademark Information

© 2016 SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use, distribution or duplication is prohibited.

3 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 ACT App Store

• https://appstore.ansys.com/shop/ACTApps_act%20apps
• Great place to get started
− A library of helpful extensions available to any ANSYS customer
− New extensions added regularly
− Applications made available in either binary format (.wbex file) or binary
plus scripted format (Python and XML files)
− Scripted extensions are great examples
− Documentation and training materials available on the ANSYS Customer
Portal:
https://support.ansys.com/AnsysCustomerPortal/en_us/Downloa
ds/ACT+Resources

4 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Information

• Please pay attention to paragraph 9 of the CLICKWRAP SOFTWARE

LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR ACS EXTENSIONS regarding TECHNICAL
ENHANCEMENTS AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT (TECS): “TECS is not
included with the Program(s)”

• Report any issue or provide feedback related to this app please

contact:
Contact email address: david.roche@ansys.com

5 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Binary App Installation (1)
Installing from the ACT Start Page:
1. From the project page, select the
“ACT Start Page” option
2. Click on “Extension Manager”
3. Press “+” symbol in the top right corner
4. It will open a file dialog to select the
appropriate “*.wbex” binary file
5. The extension is installed

Loading the extension:

1. From the Extension Manager,
click on your extension and choose
‘Load Extension’
2. The extension is loaded

Notes:
• The extension to be installed will be stored in the following location: %AppData%\Ansys\v170\ACT\extensions
• The installation will create a folder in this location, in addition to the .wbex file

6 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Binary App Installation (2)

Installing from the Extensions menu:

1. From the Extensions menu, select the “Install
Extension…” option
2. It will open a file dialog to select the appropriate
“*.wbex” binary file
3. Click “Open” to install the extension

Loading the extension:

1. From the Extension Manager,
click on your extension and choose ‘Load Extension’
2. The extension is loaded

Notes:
• The extension to be installed will be stored in the following location: %AppData%\Ansys\v170\ACT\extensions
• The installation will create a folder in this location, in addition to the .wbex file

7 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Binary App Installation (3)
• Once the binary extension is installed at default location, one can move the *.wbex and the folder to any
other location
– Default path: %AppData%\Ansys\v170\ACT\extensions
– New path: Any location on your machine, shared drive etc.

• All users interested in using the extension need to include that path in their Workbench Options
1. In the “Tools” menu, select the “Options…”
2. Select “Extensions” in the pop up panel
3. Add the path under “Additional Extensions Folder …”

3
2
Define additional folders in which ACT
will search for extensions in order to
expose them in the Extension Manager

1
Notes:
• During the scan of the available extensions, the folders will be analyzed according to the following order:
1. The application data folder(e.g. %AppData%\Ansys\v170\ACT\extensions)
2. The additional folders defined in the “Additional Extension Folders” property
3. The installation folder
4. The “extensions” folder part of the current Workbench project (if the project was previously saved with the extension)
• If an extension is available in more than one of these locations, the 1st one according to the scan order is used
8 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017
 Hydrostatic Fluid
• Hydrostatic fluid elements are used to model fluids
that are fully enclosed by solids (containers).
• These elements are formulated for linear and
nonlinear static and transient dynamic applications.
• Fluid volume has uniform pressure, temperature
and density.

• The fluid may be modeled as incompressible,

or it may be modeled as compressible by
defining fluid material models.
• The effects of fluid viscosity are ignored.

9 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 ACT: Application Customization Toolkit
ACT allows customization in the Mechanical application :
− Replace command snippets with interactive objects
− Create customized Loads / BCs
− Create customized Results
− Ability to connect a third party solver in a standard Workbench process

ACT Hydrostatic Fluid extension is a customization made with ACT to

integrate ANSYS hydrostatic fluid element capabilities in Mechanical. The
extension consists of one XML file (Configures the UI content) and one
python script (Implements the extension functionality).

If you need more information about ACT please contact your sales
representative.

10 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Fluid Extension

• 2D & 3D analyses
• Create hydrostatic elements and assign fluid material model
• Apply boundary conditions & loads: temperature, pressure, mass
flow rate
• Plot hydrostatic results: pressure, volume, mass, mass flow

11 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Elements Creation

• “HSFLD Elements Creation” object is used to generate the

hydrostatic fluid elements and affect their properties.
• To create the hydrostatic fluid elements there are two
solutions:
• Have a geometric body corresponding to the fluid and thus
delete it after the elements are created.
• Don’t have a geometric body, so select the needed faces
and the surrounding bodies to create the hydrostatic
elements.

12 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Elements Creation

1.Fluid Body Existing:

• Hydrostatic Fluid Outer Faces:

Select the outer faces of the fluid domain
• Hydrostatic Fluid Bodies:
Select the fluid bodies
• Set “Delete Selected Elements” to “Yes”

13 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Elements Creation

2.Fluid Body Not Existing:

• Hydrostatic Fluid Outer Faces:

Select the outer faces of the fluid domain
• Hydrostatic Fluid Bodies:
Select the surrounding structural bodies
• Set “Delete Selected Elements” to “No”

14 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Elements Creation

•In some cases (for instance improper surface bodies orientation)

the hydrostatic elements could be improperly created then the
solution will fail and the following message will be issued in the
Solver Output:

In that situation you can change the “Reverse

Elements” option to make the error
disappear.

15 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Pressure Node

• The pressure node, located anywhere within the fluid volume, is

created at the origin of the selected coordinate system.
• If the fluid volume is bounded by one or more symmetry lines
or planes, the pressure node must be on the symmetry line or
plane or the intersecting corner or line of multiple symmetry lines
or planes, and it must have symmetry boundary conditions.

16 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Fluid Material Models

Four fluid models are available with hydrostatic elements:

• Gas
• Liquid
• User Defined Pressure-Volume Curve
• Incompressible

17 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Gas Fluid Model

• The Ideal Gas Law is used to define the constitutive equation for gas
material: 𝑽𝒕 = 𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒕/𝑷𝒕

where:
• m = mass of fluid
• R = universal gas constant
• Tt = Toff + T = total fluid temperature
• Toff = temperature offset from absolute to zero
• Pt = Pref + P = total fluid pressure
• Pref = reference fluid pressure

Current density for gas material is defined in terms of initial density as:
ρf = ρ0f*PtT0t/P0tTt

• T0t = Toff + Tref = initial total temperature

• Tref = reference temperature
• P0t = Pref + P0 = initial total fluid pressure

18 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Liquid Fluid Model

Liquid material can be used to model a compressible linear (Newtonian)

isotropic elastic non-viscous fluid (based on Bulk Modulus):
𝟏
𝑷 = − 𝝈𝒊𝒋𝜹𝒊𝒋
𝟑

• The thermal properties of liquid material are defined by coefficient of

thermal expansion, which determines the change of fluid volume due to
change of temperature.
• Initial fluid density can be specified.
• Change in fluid volume affects fluid density.

19 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Pressure-Volume Model

• For compressible fluids that do not follow the constitutive

equation for liquid or Ideal Gas Law, a pressure-volume curve may
be used to define a pressure-volume relationship.
• Current fluid density for this material model can be defined as:

ρf = ρ0f*V0f/Vf

20 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Incompressible Fluid Model

• The incompressible fluid may have a change in volume if

it has non-zero thermal expansion. Since temperature is
not defined as a degree of freedom, changes in volume due
to temperature changes are computed by specifying
temperature loading and coefficient of thermal expansion.

21 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Fluid Mass

• It is possible to take into account the fluid mass using

the following options:
• distribute the fluid element mass to the surface nodes
based on the volume of the fluid element,
• distribute the fluid element mass to the surface nodes
based on the ratio of element surface area to the total
fluid surface area.

22 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Initial Fluid Pressure

“HSFLD Initial Fluid Pressure” object is used to define an initial

pressure (at time = 0) of the pressure node of selected
hydrostatic fluid elements.
• This object is only valid in transient analyses.

• Select a predefined “Hydrostatic Fluid Elements” object

• Define the pressure value

23 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Pressure Node Temperature

“HSFLD Temperature” object is used to apply a temperature on

the pressure node of selected hydrostatic fluid elements.

• Select a predefined “Hydrostatic Fluid Elements” object

• Define the time dependent temperature value

24 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Pressure Node Pressure

“HSFLD Pressure” object is used to apply a pressure on the

pressure node of selected hydrostatic fluid elements.

• Select a predefined “Hydrostatic Fluid Elements” object

• Define the time dependent pressure value

25 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Pressure Node Mass Flow Rate

“HSFLD Mass Flow Rate” object is used to apply a mass flow

rate on the pressure node of selected hydrostatic fluid
elements.

• Select a predefined “Hydrostatic Fluid Elements” object

• Define the time dependent mass flow value

26 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Nonlinear Solution Controls

“HSFLD Nonlinear Controls” object is used to define solution

controls for hydrostatic fluid elements:
• Volume convergence tolerance
• Hydrostatic pressure convergence tolerance

•This object is used in addition to the

•standard Analysis Settings nonlinear controls.

27 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Fluid Result

To display the hydrostatic fluid result you need to ask for the save of
MAPDL database in the “Analysis Settings” of the model before the
resolution:

Note that you can ask to save the MAPDL database by default in the
Options of Mechanical Application.

28 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Fluid Result

• To store density, total volume, total mass and mass flow

rate in the result file you need to request for “General
Miscellaneous” output in the “Output Controls” section of
the “Analysis Settings”:

29 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

 Hydrostatic Fluid Result

“HSFLD Results” object is used to postprocess hydrostatic fluid

results in the worksheet panel:
• Pressure
• Density
• Total volume
• Total mass
• Mass Flow Rate

30 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. February 20, 2017

Thank you

• ANSYS Inc
• David Roche
• david.roche@ansys.com

Copyright and Trademark Information

© 2016 SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use, distribution or duplication is prohibited.