Problem in Traffic Flow Theory: Speed-Density Relation

qobs us kest ln u ln k
82 492 53.0 9 3.97 2.23
33 200 60.0 3 4.09 1.20
110 660 32.0 21 3.47 3.03
58 350 48.0 7 3.87 1.99
116 696 39.7 18 3.68 2.86
75 450 42.6 11 3.75 2.36
138 828 35.8 23 3.58 3.14
287 1719 38.2 45 3.64 3.81
200 1200 12.0 100 2.48 4.61
204 1222 30.4 40 3.41 3.69
156 936 34.3 27 3.54 3.31
176 1056 10.0 106 2.30 4.66

FOR LINEAR U-K MODEL (GREENSHIELDS)

uf 49.6
kj 128
um 24.8
km 64
127.5752 qm 1582
2.571355

qobs qpred kest

492 427 9
200 161 3
660 858 21
350 341 7
696 750 18
450 481 11
828 939 23
1719 1445 45
 1200 1072 100
1222 1366 40
936 1064 27
1056 902 106

q = 49.614k - 0.3889k2

qobs qpred us
492 -462 53.0
200 -1603 60.0
660 1449 32.0
350 199 48.0
696 1012 39.7
450 768 42.6
828 1272 35.8
1719 1121 38.2
1200 1161 12.0
1222 1502 30.4
936 1351 34.3
1056 1019 10.0

q = 127.58u - 2.57u2
ensity Relationships

70.0

60.0 f(x) = − 13.3867745722895 ln(x) + 77.4746106063729

R² = 0.890901080038303
50.0 f(x) = 55.026975086702 exp( − 0.015375214396131 x )
R²
f(x)==0.934674086019485
− 0.388853349307177 x + 49.6136814727768
R² = 0.833079361847942
40.0
U

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

2000

1800
Observed
1600
Predicted
1400

1200
Q

1000

800

600

400

200
1000

800

600

400

200

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

70.0

60.0 Observed
Predicted
50.0

40.0
U

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
Q
 Example in CE 248
Traffic Stream Mo

qobs
82 492 492
33 198 200
110 660 660
58 348 350
116 696 696
75 450 450
138 828 828
287 1722 1,719
200 1200 1,200
204 1224 1,222
156 936 936
176 1056 1,056

Greenberg's Mode

FLOW - DENSITY
Q = UK = 77.475 K

qobs
492
 200
660
350
696
450
828
1,719
1,200
1,222
936
1,056
Example in CE 248
Traffic Stream Models

us kest ln k
70.0
53.0 9 2.23
60.0 3 1.20 where: q in pcu/hr 60.0
f(x) = − 13.38677
32.0 21 3.03 u in km/hr 50.0
R² = 0.89090108

48.0 7 1.99 k in pcu/km

40.0
39.7 18 2.86

U
30.0
42.6 11 2.36
35.8 23 3.14 20.0
38.2 45 3.81 10.0
12.0 100 4.61
0.0
30.4 40 3.69 0.00 1.00 2.00
34.3 27 3.31 ln
10.0 106 4.66
326 5.79

200 5.30

250 5.52 U = 77.475 - 13.387 LN K

120 4.79
Greenberg's Model:
um = 13.387 km/hr
km = 120 pcu/km
kj = 326 pcu/km 2,000
qm = 1,606 veh/hr 1,800
uf = UND 1,600

1,400
Q

1,200
FLOW - DENSITY MODEL:
Q = UK = 77.475 K - (13.387 LN K)K 1,000

800
qpred kest 600
442 9 400

200

0
0 40 80 120 1
 800

600

400
205 3 200
762 21
0
371 7 0 40 80 120 1
686 18
485 11
819 23
1,193 45
1,583 100
1,126 40
906 27
1,594 106
0 326
1309 200
890 250
1606 120
 f(x) = − 13.3867745722895 x + 77.4746106063729
R² = 0.890901080038303

1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

ln k

5.787331

Column
AC
Predict
ed

40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360

 Column
AC
Predict
ed

40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360