3/03/2017

Context
• Continuous increase in electricity demand: demographic
growth and socio-economic development.
! From ~6 TWh/y (1973) to ~23 TWh/y (~4 TWh/y). 2017.
RESTOS Y TENDENCIAS DE LAS • ~81% is generated from non-renewable fuels: coal, oil, gas,
nuclear.
CETRALES DE GENERACIÓN • ~ 19% is generated from renewable: geothermal, solar, wind,
HYDROELÉCTRICA biofuels and hydro sources.
• Advantages of hydropower: Flexible, cheap, clean, easy to
control and transmit.
• Hydropower is considered as the most mature renewable
BOTERO, F.
source.
• Hydro projects are very limited in most industrialized countries
but there is a potential in the developing world.

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Source: International Energy Agency (IEA), 2017. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

What is a Pumped-Storage What is a Pumped-Storage

Power Plant? Power Plant?
Example of daily electricity production and consumption in Switzerland

“Supply energy storage while contributing to the stabilization of the

electrical grid”

Source: Swiss Federal Office of Energy, 2017. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Source: http://www.grimselwelt.ch/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

What is a Pumped-Storage Power Plant?

• Downstream ecological effects of particles
• Physical and chemical changes
of particles
Control of variable speed

•
•
•

Civil engineering structures

pump-turbines

Pressurized waterways
Sedimentation issues

HYDRONET
IMPROVED
DESIGN AND
OPERATION
•

• Rotating-stall
• Hydroacoustics
Flow-induced vibration •
Rotor-stator interaction •

Source: http://www.consumersenergy.com Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Source: http://hydronet.epfl.ch/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

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HYDRODYNAMICS MONITORING
Accelerometers S1 S2 Sn
In-site Instrumentation WL WL
…
WL

S1
S2

S1
S2

S1
S2
Sn

Sn

Sn
…

…
Grimsel Power Plant
…
SYS1 SYS2 SYSn SYSn+1

RemoteLab
SERVER

Clients
PC PC PC
PARTNER1 PARTNER2
… PARTNERn
Pressure
transducers

Inclinometers
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
7 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
8

MONITORING MONITORING
Remote Lab Remote Lab
Direct access to raw data for research purposes:
Development of signal processing tools for monitoring.
Implementation in remote site, once validated. Memory
Instruments management
Hardware setup:
setup Server & data
 Possibility to remotely configure the hardware setup.
reduction
 Monitoring parameters (frequency, conditional sampling,
etc).
Scheduled System
 Acquisition parameters, sensors calibration values, … acquisition performance
Secure communication.
Robust & user friendly Interface.
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
9 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
10

MONITORING MONITORING
Remote Lab Remote Lab

Long-term
monitoring

Data
Data manipulation
On-line sampling and analysis
base
tools

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

11 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
12

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MONITORING MONITORING
Remote Lab SERVER

Open Geospatial Consortium (data format)

More than 350 companies, government agencies and universities
develop publicly available interface specifications.

Sensor Web Enablement

(SWE)
Enables our developers to
make all types of sensors,
transducers and sensor
data repositories
discoverable, accessible
and useable via the Web.

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

13 http://www.opengeospatial.org/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

MONITORING
SERVER (Internet access)
• Downstream ecological effects of particles
• Physical and chemical changes
of particles

Control of variable speed

•
•
•

Civil engineering structures

pump-turbines

Pressurized waterways
Sedimentation issues
HYDRONET
IMPROVED
DESIGN AND
OPERATION
•

• Rotating-stall
• Hydroacoustics
Flow-induced vibration •
Rotor-stator interaction •

http://www.opengeospatial.org/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co http://hydronet.epfl.ch/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

ENVIROMENT ENVIROMENT
On-site Sampling and analytics–Analyses
On-site

Water samples analyzed for their:

- Turbidity Summer Winter
- Particle mass concentration
- Particle size distribution
- Shape

Sediments analyzed for their:

- Age
- Chemical composition

Bonalumi,. 2011 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Bonalumi,. 2011 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

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ENVIROMENT ENVIROMENT
On-site On-site

10 μm

Bonalumi,. 2011 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Bonalumi,. 2011 Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

ENVIROMENT ENVIROMENT
Numerical and Physical Models Numerical and Physical Models

Muller, 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Muller, 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

CIVIL ENGINEERING

• Downstream ecological effects of particles

• Physical and chemical changes
of particles
•
Control of variable speed

• Pressurized waterways
• Sedimentation issues

Civil engineering structures

pump-turbines

HYDRONET
IMPROVED
DESIGN AND
OPERATION
•

• Rotating-stall
• Hydroacoustics
Flow-induced vibration •
Rotor-stator interaction •

Source: http://hydronet.epfl.ch/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Hachem, F.E. Schleiss, A.J. 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

4
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CIVIL ENGINEERING CIVIL ENGINEERING

Numerical and Physical Models Numerical and Physical Models
• Equipped with valve to induce water hammer shock
waves.
• 8 test sections (dynamic pressures).
• Changing pipe wall rigidity.

Hachem, F.E. Schleiss, A.J. 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Hachem, F.E. Schleiss, A.J. 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

CIVIL ENGINEERING CIVIL ENGINEERING

Numerical and Physical Models Numerical and Physical Models

Hachem, F.E. Schleiss, A.J. 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Hachem, F.E. Schleiss, A.J. 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

CIVIL ENGINEERING
Numerical and Physical Models
• Downstream ecological effects of particles
• Physical and chemical changes
of particles
•
Control of variable speed

• Pressurized waterways
• Sedimentation issues

Civil engineering structures

pump-turbines

HYDRONET
IMPROVED
DESIGN AND
OPERATION
•

• Rotating-stall
• Hydroacoustics
Flow-induced vibration •
Rotor-stator interaction •

Hachem, F.E. Schleiss, A.J. 2011. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co http://hydronet.epfl.ch/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

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ELECTRICITY: ELECTRIC MACHINES ELECTRICITY: ELECTRIC MACHINES

Physical Model

Source: Pannatier, Y. 2009. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

http://lme.epfl.ch/ump Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

ELECTRICITY: ELECTRIC MACHINES

Remote Lab
• Downstream ecological effects of particles
• Physical and chemical changes
of particles

•
• Pressurized waterways
Control of variable speed

• Sedimentation issues

Civil engineering structures

pump-turbines
HYDRONET
IMPROVED
DESIGN AND
OPERATION
•

• Rotating-stall
• Hydroacoustics
Flow-induced vibration •
Rotor-stator interaction •

http://lme.epfl.ch/ump http://hydronet.epfl.ch/
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

HYDRODYNAMICS Bombas de Flujo Radial

Definitions b2
 Σ ·
. .
Spiral casing 1
2

Ct2
α2
Impeller b1 C2u2Cn2 β2

w2
2

. . 
Guide vanes
cos cos w1
Rotor Stator Draft
1
Interaction
tube C1
Francis-type pump-turbine Stay vanes “El mejor diseño de una bomba es aquel en el que
Cn1
α1
β1 Ct1
u1
la cantidad de movimiento angular que entra al
impulsor es igual a cero”
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

6
 3/03/2017

Turbina Francis Ensayos de Prestaciones

b2
 Σ ·
. .

1 Vt1
α1
2 V1 β1
v1
b1 Vn1
u1
1

. . 

cos cos 2
Vu22
v2
Vn2 α2
β2
Vt2

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

Ensayos de Prestaciones Ensayos de Prestaciones

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

HYDRODYNAMICS HYDRODYNAMICS
Physical Model Experimental Results
Flow visualization
Pressure sensor Tiny, light and
flexible wires
(15mm ϕ0.14mm)
Lighting
800W

HS camera:
10 kfps
256x576 (12 bits)

Draft tube cross section

Tufts locations

Source: BOTERO, F. Et al. 2009.

Hasmatuchi, 2011.
Pressure monitoring points
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

7
 3/03/2017

Ensayos de Prestaciones Ensayos de Prestaciones

Curvas características (4 cuadrantes). IEC 60193. Curvas características en forma de “S” (4 cuadrantes). IEC 60193.

TURBINE QUADRANT
BRAKE QUADRANT TURBINE
QUADRANT
αn
α3
α2
α1 4. Quadrants

Turbine
brake
PUMP REVERSE PUMP
QUADRANT QUADRANT

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

HYDRODYNAMICS
Physical Model
OP1 OP2 OP3

BPF RS • Piezoelectric accelerometers.

BPF BPF
2BPF 3BPF 2BPF 2BPF • Rigidly fixed on the protruding surface of guide vanes.
3BPF 3BPF • Orthogonal measurements.

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

Vibration Monitoring Points Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

HYDRODYNAMICS HYDRODYNAMICS
Experimental Results Physical Model

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

Rotodynamics Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

8
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HYDRODYNAMICS FSI
Physical Model: Cavitation Tunnel

• 150 x 150 x 750 mm test section

• Maximum Inlet Velocity: 50 m/s
• Maximum Static Pressure: 16 bar

Naca0009 Hydrofoil:
• 150 mm span
• 100 mm chord length

http://lmh.epfl.ch/ Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co PARADA, O. et al. 2016. Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

Source: EARTH DATA, NASA. 2015.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[01] Berten, S. Hydrodynamics of High Specific Power Pumps for
Off-Design Operating Conditions. EPFL Thesis N° 4642, 2010.
[02] Bonalumi, M., F. S. Anselmetti, R. Kaegi, and A. Wüest (2011),
Particle dynamics in high-Alpine proglacial reservoirs modified by
pumped-storage operation, Water Resour. Res., 47, W09523,
doi:10.1029/2010WR010262.
[03] Bonalumi, M. PhD Summer School, Kastanienbaum, Effects of
pump storage operations on reservoir characteristics: present, future
and far future, 2010.
[04] Bonalumi, M., F. S. Anselmetti, R. Kaegi, and A. Wüest (2011),
Particle dynamics in high-Alpine proglacial reservoirs modified by
pumped-storage operation, Water Resour. Res., 47, W09523,
doi:10.1029/2010WR010262.
[05] Casartelli, E; Widmer, C; Ledergerber, N; Sallaberger, M.
Simplified CFD model for flow field investigations at no-load
conditions, Hydro 2010 Lisbon 2010.
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
[06] Hachem, F. (2009a). Monitoring system forFrancisco
Grimsel II power
Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

BIBLIOGRAPHY BIBLIOGRAPHY

[10] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2010). Influence of local stiffness of
conduits on water hammer propagation signal. In Proceedings of the
First European IAHR Congress, www.iahr.net, Edinburgh, UK.
[11] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2011a). Detection of local wall
stiffness drop in steel lined pressure tunnels and shafts of hydroelectric
power plants using steep pressure wave excitation and wavelet
decomposition. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000478.
[12] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2011b). The influence of local drop
of wall stiffness of pressurized waterways on water-hammer wave
speed and wave dissipation. Journal of Hydraulic Research, Accepted
for publication.
[13] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2011c). Monitoring of steel-lined
pressure shafts and tunnels. International Journal on Hydropower and
Dams, 18(3):74–77.
[14] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2011d). Monitoring of -steel-lined
Francisco Botero fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
[16] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2011f). Physical tests for estimating
the water hammer wave speed in pipes and tunnels with local weak
wall stiffness. In Proceedings of 2011 World Environmental and Water
Resources Congress (EWRI), Palm Springs, California.
[17] Hachem, F. and Schleiss, A. (2011g). A review of wave celerity in
frictionless and axisymmetrical steel-lined pressure tunnels. Journal of
Fluids and Structures, 27:311–328.
[18] Hasmatuchi, V; Famat, M; Roth, S; Botero, F; Avellan, F.
Experimental Evidence of Rotating Stall in a Pump-Turbine at Off-
Design Conditions in Generating Mode, submitted to Journal of Fluids
Engineering, 2010.
[19] Hasmatuchi, V; Farhat, M. and Avellan, F. Hydrodynamics of a
Pump-Turbine under Off-Design Operating Conditions in Generating
Mode. In Proceedings of 1st EPFL Doctoral Conference in Mechanics,
pages 111-114, Lausanne, 2010.
[20] Hasmatuchi, V; Roth, S; Botero, F; Avellan,Francisco
F; Farhat, M. High-
Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

9

BIBLIOGRAPHY
[22] Muller, M; Bremen, L; Schleiss, A. J. Modellversuche zum
Einfluss von Pumpspeichersequenzen auf Stromungsverhaltnisse in
einem quaderformigen Becken, in Weber, Fenrich, Gebler, Kramer &
Noack (Eds) 12. Treffen junger Wissenschafterinnen und
Wissenschafter an Wasserbauinstituten, Stuttgart, Germany, August
11-14, 2010, Universitat Stuttgart, Heft 193, pp. 72-78.
[23] Muller, M; De Cesare, G; Schleiss, A. J. Influence of pumped
storage operation on flow conditions near intake/outlet structures: in
situ measurements using ADCP, in Dittrich, Koll, Aeberle &
Geisenhainer (Eds) River Flow 2010, Braunschweig, Germany,
September 8-10, 2010, pp. 1 139-1 145.
[24] Pannatier, Y. Optimisation des strategies de réglage d’une
installation de pompage-turbinage a vitesse variabIe, EPFL Thesis, N°
4789, 2010.
[25] Pannatier, Y; Kawkabani, B; Nicolet, C; Schwery; Simond, J.J.
Start-up and Synchronization of a Variable Speed Pump-Turbine
Francisco Unit
Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[35] Zobeiri, A; Ausoni, Ph; Avellan, F; Farhat, M. Experimental
investigation of the vortex shedding dynamic in the wake of oblique
and blunt trailing edge hydrofoils using PIV-POD method, Proceeding
of 7th ASME lntemational Symposium on Fluid-Structure Interactions,
Montreal, Canada, August 2010.
[36] Zobeiri, A; Ausoni, Ph; Avellan, F; Farhat, M. How oblique
trailing edge of a hydrofoil reduces the vortex-induced vibration,
submitted to Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2010.
[37] Zobeiri, A; Avellan, F; Farhat, M. The effect of hydrofoil trailing
edge geometry on vortex shedding, IUTAM Symposium on Bluff
Body Wakes and Vortex-Induced Vibrations, 22-25 June 2010, Italy.
[38] Zobeiri, A; Avellan, F; Farhat, M. Physics behind vortex-induced
vibration reduction using an oblique trailing edge hydrofoil, 63rd
Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, Vol. 55, N°
16, USA, 2010.
[39] Zobeiri, A; Avellan, F; Farhat, M. Vortex Shedding from a
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
Hydrofoil with Two Different Trailing Edge Geometries- In
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[46] Advanced Instrumentation for Measuring Fluid-Structure
Coupling Phenomena in the Guide Vanes Cascade of a Pump-Turbine
Scale Model. Steven Roth, Vlad Hasmatuchi, Francisco Botero,
Mohamed Farhat, and François Avellan. In Proceedings of the ASME
2010 [47] 7th International Symposium on Fluid-Structure
Interactions, Flow-Sound Interactions, and Flow-Induced Vibration &
Noise, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1-5 August, 2010, 2010.
[48] Effect of Guide Vanes Cascade Vibrations on Pressure Mode
Shape Arising from Rotor-Stator Interaction in Hydraulic Pump-
Turbines. Steven Roth, Vlad Hasmatuchi, Francisco Botero, Mohamed
Farhat, and François Avellan. In Journal of Fluid and Structures.
[49] Hydrodynamics of a Pump-Turbine at Off-Design Operating
Conditions: Numerical Simulation. Vlad Hasmatuchi, Steven Roth,
Francisco Botero, Mohamed Farhat, and François Avellan.
In Proceedings of ASME-JSME-KSME Joint Fluids Engineering
Conference 2011, Hamamatsu, Japan, July 24-29, 2011, 2011.
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
[50] Influence of the Pump-Turbine Guide Vanes Vibrations on the
3/03/2017
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[27] Pannatier, Y; Kawkabani, B; Sari, G; Simond, J.J. Stability
Studies of a Mixed lslanded Power Network with Varspeed Units
using Simplified Models of the Converters, IEEE EDGE 2010,
Atlanta, Georgia, September 2010.
[28] Pannatier, Y; Kawkabani, B; Sari, G; Simond, J.J. Stability
Studies of a Mixed Islanded Power Network with Varspeed Units
using Simplified Models of the Converters, IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Electronics, Vol 57, N°9, September 2010.
[29] Pannatier, Y; Nicolet, C; Kawkabani, B; Simond, J.J. Variable
Speed Pumped Storage Units for Integration of Wind Energy, ET G
Electrosuisse, 2eme forum technique suisse sur l'energie: smart grids,
Bem, Switzerland, september 2009.
[30] Ruchonnet, N. 2010, Multiscale Computational Methodology
Applied to Hydroacoustic Resonance in Cavitating Pipe Flow, EPFL
Thesis N° 4778.
[31] Ruchonnet, N. 2010, Multiscale Computational Methodology
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
Applied to Hydroacoustic Resonance in Cavitating Pipe Flow, EPFL
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[41] Influence of the Pump-Turbine Guide Vanes Vibrations on the
Pressure Fluctuations in the Rotor-Stator Vaneless Gap. Steven Roth,
Vlad Hasmatuchi, Francisco Botero, Mohamed Farhat, and François
Avellan. In Proceedings of the 4th International Meeting on Cavitation
and Dynamic Problems in Hydraulic Machinery and Systems,
Belgrade, Serbia, October 26-28, 2011, 2011.
[42] Hydrodynamics of a Pump-Turbine Operating at Off-Design
Conditions in Generating Mode: Experimental Investigation. Vlad
Hasmatuchi, Mohamed Farhat, Steven Roth, Francisco Botero, and
François Avellan. Lausanne, Switzerland, May 26-27, 2011, 2011.
[43] Experimental Evidence of Rotating Stall in a Pump-Turbine at
Off-Design Conditions in Generating Mode. Vlad Hasmatuchi,
Mohamed Farhat, Steven Roth, Francisco Botero, and François
Avellan. In Transactions- American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Journal of Fluids Engineering, volume 133, number 5, 2011.
[44] High-speed flow visualization in a pump-turbine under off-design
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
operating conditions. Vlad Hasmatuchi, Steven Roth, Francisco
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[51] Hydrodynamics of a Pump-Turbine Operating at Off-Design
Conditions in Generating Mode: Experimental Investigation. Vlad
Hasmatuchi, Mohamed Farhat, Steven Roth, Francisco Botero, and
François Avellan. Lausanne, Switzerland, May 26-27, 2011, 2011.
[52] Experimental Evidence of Rotating Stall in a Pump-Turbine at
Off-Design Conditions in Generating Mode. Vlad Hasmatuchi,
Mohamed Farhat, Steven Roth, Francisco Botero, and François
Avellan. In Transactions- American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Journal of Fluids Engineering, volume 133, number 5, 2011.
[53] High-speed flow visualization in a pump-turbine under off-design
operating conditions. Vlad Hasmatuchi, Steven Roth, Francisco
Botero, François Avellan, and Mohamed Farhat. In IOP Conference
Series: Earth and Environmental Science, volume 12, number 1,
Timisoara, Romania, September 20-24, 2010, 2010.
[54] Fluid-Structure Coupling in the Guide Vanes Cascade of a Pump-
Turbine Scale Model. Steven Roth, Vlad Hasmatuchi, Francisco
Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co
Botero, Mohamed Farhat, and François Avellan. In Proceedings of the
10
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
[56] Effect of Guide Vanes Cascade Vibrations on Pressure Mode
Shape Arising from Rotor-Stator Interaction in Hydraulic Pump-
Turbines. Steven Roth, Vlad Hasmatuchi, Francisco Botero, Mohamed
Farhat, and François Avellan. In Journal of Fluid and Structures.

Gracias!

Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co Francisco Botero - fboteroh@eafit.edu.co

11