Petroleum Unit 1

Answer key
1 1 well / 2 pipe / 3 tank / 4 string / 5 barrel / 6 field / 7 drill / 8 hole / 9 bit / 10 collar
2 1 oil field / 2 drill string / 3 drill bit / 4 drill pipe / 5 well hole / 6 drill collar
3 1 c / 2 h / 3 b / 4 f / 5 g / 6 a / 7 d / 8 e
4 1 ninety revolutions per minute / 2 four hundred and seventeen millimetres / 3 one hundred
(or a hundred) and fifty-nine litres / 4 fourteen kilometres / 5 five hundred and eighteen metres /
6 eight hundred and eighty barrels per day

5 1 90 rpm / 2 880 b/d / 3 417 mm / 4 518 m / 5 14 km / 6 159 L

6 1 stop / 2 down / 3 lower / 4 right / 5 pick up
7 1 name’s / 2 What’s / 3 I’m / 4 work / 5 Pleased / 6 do / 7 What’s / 8 I’m

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 Petroleum Unit 2

Answer key
1 A drill pipe / B drill bit / C drill collar / D well hole / E drill string
2 The correct order is: 1 Attach the drill pipe to the drill bit. / 2 Put the collar on the drill bit. / 3 Fix the
kelly to the drill pipe. / 4 Trip the drill string into the well hole. / 5 Slide the kelly into the turntable. /
6 Switch on the power. / 7 Drill the hole. / 8 Attach another drill pipe to the string. / 9 Trip the drill string
out of the well hole. / 10 Install the casing in the well hole.

3 1 Raise the drill bit out of the well hole. / 2 Take the collar off the drill pipe. / 3 Push the drill string into the
well hole. / 4 Put the drill bit on the drill pipe and tighten it.

4 1 some / 2 what / 3 how / 4 need / 5 what’s / 6 called / 7 what / 8 They’re / 9 do / 10 It’s

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 Petroleum Unit 3

Answer key
1 1 T / 2 F – they’re in the centre / 3 F – they’re on the platform / 4 F – they’re to the right / 5 T / 6 T
2 1 The motor is on the platform, to the right of the engines. / 2 The fuel tanks are on the platform, to the
left of the engines. / 3 The ramp is to the right of the platform and to the left of the racks. / 4 The mud pit
is below the pump and to the left of the water tank. / 5 The pump is on the platform, to the right of the
derrick.

3 Possible answers: 1 The water tank is below the platform to the right of the mud pit. / 2 The generator is
below the platform and the motor. / 3 The engines are on the platform, to the right of the fuel tanks.

4 1 The derrick supports the block and the kelly. / 2 The engines drive the generator. / 3 The fuel tanks store
fuel for the engine. / 4 The generator drives the motor. / 5 The pipe racks hold the drill pipes. /
6 The motor turns the turntable.

5 1 drive the motor, does / 2 do, hold the drill pipes / 3 drive the generator, do / 4 does, do, turns the
turntable / 5 Does, doesn’t / 6 Do, don’t

6 1 is / 2 It’s / 3 use / 4 does / 5 grips / 6 are / 7 has / 8 have / 9 does / 10 hold / 11 work / 12 goes / 13 pull /
14 grips

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 Petroleum Unit 4

Answer key
1 1 F – it’s at the top of the derrick. / 2 T / 3 F – the kelly is between the swivel and the turntable. / 4 F – the
cable moves diagonally upwards from the winch. / 5 T / 6 F – it rotates.

2 1 d / 2 e / 3 a / 4 f / 5 c / 6 b
3 1 can’t, can / 2 can, can’t / 3 can’t, can / 4 can, can’t
4 1 Slide the kelly into the turntable. / 2 Lower the drill pipe into the well hole. / 3 Turn the handle of the
winch. / 4 Attach the drill pipe to the kelly. / 5 Raise the drill pipe out of the well hole. / 6 Hang the swivel
from the hook.

5 1 switch on, D moves / 2 switches on, B rotates / 3 Turn off, A doesn’t / 4 turn off, C don’t
6 1 has / 2 rotate / 3 does not / 4 releases / 5 moves / 6 lowers / 7 start / 8 rotate

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 Petroleum Unit 5

Answer key
1 1 swivel / 2 kelly / 3 casing / 4 drill string / 5 drill collar / 6 drill bit
2 A annulus / B rock cuttings / C reserve pit / D shale slide / E mud return line / F shaker / G stand pipe /
H rotary hose / I mud pump

3 1 inlet / 2 outlet / 3 pump / 4 into

4 The correct order is: 1 The pumps suck the drilling mud out of the mud pits. / 2 They then pump the
fluid through a hose to the rotary equipment. / 3 From the rotary hose it enters the swivel and the kelly.
/ 4 It then flows down through the drill string. / 5 It then leaves the drill bit and flows around the annulus.
/ 6 The fluid picks up pieces of rock and sand. / 7 Then the mud rises up the well hole between the drill
pipe and the casing. / 8 At the top of the well, the fluid flows through the mud return line into the shaker.
/ 9 The shaker takes the cuttings out of the fluid. / 10 The fluid then goes into the mud pits again, and the
cuttings enter the reserve pit.

5 1 around / 2 from / 3 up / 4 through / 5 into / 6 down / 7 out of / 8 up

6 1 pull, push / 2 carries / 3 passes, flows / 4 leaves / 5 sinks, stay
7 1 If the pump is off, the drilling mud doesn’t flow to the drill string. / 2 If the drilling mud doesn’t flow, the
rock cuttings don’t rise to the top of the well. / 3 If the engines are off, the kelly and the drill string don’t
rotate. / 4 If the drill string doesn’t rotate, the drill bit doesn’t cut the rock.

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 Petroleum Unit 6

Answer key
1 1 B / 2 C / 3 E / 4 F / 5 A / 6 D
2 1 made, bends, break / 2 heat, melt, cuts / 3 break/crack, pushes / 4 bend, pulls / 5 made, break, corrode
/ 6 pull/stretch, break

3 1 c F / 2 e D / 3 a B / 4 f E / 5 d A / 6 b C
4 1 The plastic in the engine does not melt when you heat it. / 2 This pipe is made of synthetic rubber
because it is corrosion-resistant. / 3 The rope is made of nylon because you cannot stretch it if you pull it.
/ 4 If you pull this synthetic fibre, it does not stretch or break. (does/ not)

5 1 are raising / 2 is turning / 3 is moving / 4 is pulling / 5 are attaching / 6 is happening / 7 are lowering /
8 is rotating / 9 is flowing / 10 are they doing / 11 are rotating / is cutting

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 Petroleum Unit 7

Answer key
1 1 510 m / 2 200 m / 3 two / 4 100 m / 5 20 m / 6 300 m / 7 400 m / 8 1200 m 2

2 1 The pipeline is five kilometres long. / 2 The sea is five hundred metres deep. / 3 The heli-port is twenty
metres in width. / 4 The length of the drilling platform is forty metres.

3 1 The vertical well is 300 m deep. / 2 The derrick is 100 m high. / 3 The heli-port is 25 m long and 20 m
wide. / 4 The piles are 20 m deep. / 5 The drilling platform is 40 m long.

4 1 How high is the derrick above sea level? It’s 210 metres high. / 2 What’s the area of the heli-port? Its
area is 500 m2. / 3 How deep is the sea at the platform? It’s 500 m deep. / 4 What’s the width of the drilling
platform? It has a width of 30 m. / 5 What’s the total height of the jacket above the sea bed? Its height is
510 m.

5 1 The new platform won’t be ready next year. It’ll be ready two years from now. / 2 The rig won’t have
horizontal wells. It’ll have diagonal and vertical wells. / 3 The piles won’t extend 40 metres below the
sea floor. They’ll extend only 35 metres. / 4 The crew quarters won’t accommodate 500 workers. They’ll
accommodate only 400. / 5 The platform won’t produce 40,000 bpd. It’ll produce more than 60,000.

6 1 much / 2 many / 3 many / 4 much

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 Petroleum Unit 8

Answer key
1 The correct order is: 1 Survey the land along the planned route. / 2 Clear the route and level it. /
3 String pipes in a line along the route. / 4 Dig a 2-metre trench along the route next to the pipe string. /
5 Weld the pipes into a long pipe section and bend it into shape. / 6 Lower the welded pipe section into
the trench and weld it to the pipeline. / 7 Cover the pipeline with earth. / 8 Test the pipeline. Pump fluid
through it and check for leaks.

2 1 planned / 2 surveyed / 3 cleared / 4 done / 5 laid / 6 strung / 7 dug / 8 finish / 9 completed / 10 welded /
11 welding / 12 finish

3 1 burnt / 2 cracks / 3 missing / 4 dents / 5 blocked / 6 twisted / 7 leaking / 8 broken

4 1 dug / 2 used / 3 saw / 4 lit / 5 came / 6 made / 7 excavated / 8 drilled / 9 invented / 10 completed

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 Petroleum Unit 9

Answer key
1 1 supply station / 2 regulator station / 3 gauges / 4 pipeline / 5 terminal / 6 control station
2 1 c / 2 f / 3 e / 4 d / 5 b / 6 a
3 1 measure / 2 compresses, pumps / 3 check, switch off / 4 give / 5 falls, transmits / 6 receive, send
4 1 they are / 2 they won’t / 3 they haven’t / 4 it isn’t / 5 they didn’t / 6 it has
5 1 suspended from / 2 mounted on / 3 connected to / 4 disconnected from
6 Possible answer: Check the pressure valve. If the pressure is too low, close the valve stations, but if the
pressure is too high, release the pressure. Then check the temperature valve. If the temperature is too
high, switch off the pump, but if it is not too high, increase the pump speed.

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 Petroleum Unit 10

Answer key
1 1 D / 2 J / 3 E / 4 A / 5 C / 6 B / 7 F / 8 I / 9 H / 10 G
2 1 never / 2 always, mustn’t / 3 always, never / 4 mustn’t, must
3 Possible answers: 1 A guard rail on a stairway was missing. / 2 There were no guards on the winch. /
3 Three drillers did not wear their hard hats. / 4 There were nuts and bolts missing from the swivel. /
5 There were no cables for the tools. / 6 The walkway was blocked with hoses.

4 1 happened / 2 did it happen / 3 had / 4 was he / 5 high was he / 6 he fall / 7 Did he wear / 8 did he have

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 Petroleum Unit 11

Answer key
1 1 valve / 2 well head / 3 casing / 4 well hole
2 Possible answers: 1 c prevents D / 2 d makes G / 3 b allow E / 4 f lets F / 5 g prevents A / 6 e stops C /
7 a causes B / 8 h permit H

3 1 The steel pipe prevents water from entering the well hole. / 2 The perforating gun makes holes form
in the side of the casing. / 3 The perforations allow oil to enter the bottom of the well. / 4 The tubing lets
oil rise up to the well head. / 5 The packer prevents oil from flowing between the tubing and the casing.
/ 6 The well head stops oil from escaping from the well. / 7 Acid causes limestone rock to dissolve and
break up. / 8 Valves permit the crew to stop the flow of oil through the well head.

4 1 The turntable makes the kelly rotate. / 2 The heli-port allows helicopters to land on the oil platform. /
3 The pumps cause the mud and rock cuttings to rise to the top of the well. / 4 The shaker prevents large
cuttings from entering the mud pit. / 5 The hole in the swivel lets the drilling mud flow into the kelly. /
6 The blowout preventer stops oil and gas from exploding out of the well hole.

5 Correct order: 1 The electric motor makes the gear box operate. / 2 This makes a lever move up and
down. / 3 The lever causes a polish rod to go up and down. / 4 This rod is attached to a sucker rod. /
5 This rod is connected to a piston. / 6 When the sucker rod moves up, it causes the pump to move up. /
7 The suction from the pump makes the oil flow up the tubing.

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 Petroleum Unit 12

Answer key
1 1 Yes, they have. / 2 In the fourth week of January / 3 Installing the lifting and rotary system, setting up the
mud tanks and mud pumps, and connecting the mud pipes and hoses / 4 In the third week of March.

2 1 Have you raised / 2 did you assemble / 3 assembled / 4 Are you installing / 5 setting up / 6 connecting /
7 will you string / 8 do

3 1 dug / 2 have drilled / 3 transported / 4 installed / 5 assemble / 6 assembled / 7 raised / 8 installed /

9 doing / 10 setting up / 11 are connecting / 12 strung / 13 string / 14 won’t put / 15 put / 16 will set up

4 1 Detach the kelly from the travelling block. / 2 Fill in the mud and reserve pits. / 3 Disconnect the mud
pipes and hoses from the equipment. / 4 Dismantle the rig platform. / 5 Take down all the electric cables.
/ 6 Lower the derrick. / 7 Remove the equipment from the site. / 8 Uninstall the power system and detach
it from the cables.

5 Best order for dismantling the rig (other answers are possible): 1 1 / 2 7 / 3 4 / 4 6 / 5 3 / 6 5 / 7 8 / 8 2
6 Possible answer (based on 5): First of all, my team detached the kelly from the travelling block. Next,
we uninstalled the power system and detached it from the cables. Then, we took down all the electric
cables. Next, we disconnected the mud pipes and hoses from the equipment. After that, we lowered
the derrick and dismantled the rig platform. Next, we filled in the mud and reserve pits. And finally, we
removed all the equipment from the site.

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