Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rusalia Resource Foundation
University of Notre Dame Development Advisory Team Final Report
Prepared for Dr. Juliana Otieno
Created by Eric Canales, Laura DeVito, Elle Dietz, Pablo Gallo, Eugenia Salinas, Monica Turner
6 November 2020
Executive Summary
The Rusalia Resource Foundation and six Notre Dame students have been working in order to come up with
a cohesive mentorship program. With Dr. Juliana fronting the program in Kenya, we have researched and
prepared at Notre Dame to find the most successful mentorship programs around the world. Additionally,
we have included aspects of community service to strengthen the program as well as aid the community.
Furthermore, this mentorship program will help these girls beyond high school as it provides different
pathways to good universities. With specific lesson plans that will be given by the mentors, these will give
insights to the girls that they would otherwise not have. It is also imperative to note that the mentors hold
occupations in jobs that these students aim to achieve. In this deliverable, we will explain the different
lesson plans that provide the most insight. Next, we will explain the different community projects that would
help form a stronger mentor/mentee relationship while providing an improvement to some portion of the
community. Finally, we will address different possibilities that this program can take in the future.
Table of Contents
Empowerment & Leadership 2
Professionalism
8
Lifestyle 16
Community Project 18
Future Direction
20
Appendix 22
1
Negotiation
Teaching young girls non-cognitive and socio-emotional skills such as negotiation is crucial to their success.
It is important for them to learn to advocate for themselves with the authority figures in their lives. The Girls
Arise! curriculum comes from a successful program in Lusaka, Zambia, where it was offered by female
Zambian coaches during six a er-school sessions over two weeks. The outcomes showed that the training
significantly improved girls’ educational outcomes. The curriculum consists of five sessions; more details
are provided in the Appendix. This curriculum can serve as a guide for those who would like to help teenage
girls build the communication skills needed. It consists of interactive lessons, role-playing games, and
examples, and is structured around four main principles:
Me - identifying one’s own interests and options in mixed motive situations
You - identifying the other persons’ interests, needs, and perspective
Together - identifying shared interests and mutually beneficial trades
Build - developing win-win situations
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Sample Negotiation Lesson Plan from Girls Arise! Curriculum:
Positions and Interests - The Case of the Lemon (Session 1: Working Together)
Teaching Objective
To teach that negotiation is a way of talking and working together with others to solve problems. students
should understand that working with others can be a source of strength. Through examples, stories, and
activities, students should learn that good solutions are possible when negotiating partners - who are o en
fighting over positions - instead consider interests.
Lesson takeaways
Teach the difference between positions and interests. demonstrate the possibility of reaching a win-win
solution. If we talk about our interests - what we really want and why - we can sometimes find win-win
solutions, solutions that meet the interests of both parties.
Activity: Story “The Case of the Lemon”
Sample Script:
- Let’s talk about why negotiation can help both people get what they want by working together.
- Have you ever tried to bargain with a seller at the market? (Allow the girls to respond, but do not get
into the details of their bargaining experiences)
- When we bargain at the market, it seems that if one of us is happy, the other one will be less happy. If
I get the price I want and pay less, the seller will be less happy because he gets less money. If I pay his
first price, though, I am less happy because I have to spend so much money.
- But negotiation is not always like this. As we saw in the arm game, sometimes it is possible to find
solutions that help both people.
- I am going to tell you a story that shows this idea.
Read the following story to the girls:
Two sisters are arguing over a lemon from their neighbor’s tree. One says, “I should get the lemon because
I’m older and bigger.” The other says, “I should get the lemon because I saw it first.”
They argue back and forth, each one trying to get the lemon. Finally, they decide to split the lemon in half.
They get out a knife and cut the lemon in half.
The younger sister takes her half of the lemon, peels it, throws away the peel, and eats the inside with salt.
The older sister takes her half of the lemon, peels it, throws away the inside, and boils the peel to make
cough syrup.
A er reading the story, lead a conversation by asking the girls questions and allowing them to reflect and
discuss the answers using the below sample script:
- What did you think about this story?
- Was anything wasted? What would have been a better solution?
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- Did they talk about what they wanted to do with the lemon? What did they say instead?
- What this story shows us is that when we only state our demands—what we are asking for—it is hard
to come up with a good solution. But when you talk about why you are asking for something—the
things you care about beneath the demands—sometimes you can see solutions you did not see
before.
- In a negotiation, your position is what you are demanding and your interest is what you care about
and why.
- Behind someone’s position, you can always find many interests. If you talk about positions only, it is
very hard to have a good negotiation, because you will just end up arguing over opposite demands.
But, if you open up the positions to find the interests behind, you can start to negotiate.
- If they had talked about their interests—what they really cared about and why—they would have
realized there was a way for them both to be happy. One could have taken the inside of the lemon,
and the other could have taken the outside. This is called a “win-win solution.”
- When the girls split the lemon in half, they were compromising. Was that a win-win solution?
- Win-win solutions are the reason that negotiation can work for you, even if you feel like you do not
have power over people in your life. You might feel like, I am just a girl, why would anyone negotiate
with me? But, actually, if you learn how to create win-win solutions, the people you negotiate with in
your life will be made better off, because they will also “win.”
- If you can show the other person that negotiation is about helping both people get what they want,
you can get others to negotiate with you!
Takeaway for students: If we talk about our interests - what we really want and why - we can sometimes find
win-win solutions, solutions that meet the interests of both parties, and where both people can get what
they want.
5
Public Speaking
Public speaking is an activity many people find challenging. Great public speakers are effective
communicators in that they share information in a way that their audience understands a lesson clearly.
There are very few people who are naturally good public speakers; in fact, some of the best speakers feel
uneasy when they speak. It is only through practice can students improve their public speaking.
In the lesson “Talk About It”, students will share the uncomfortable feelings associated with speaking in
front of a group. Through peer-evaluations, the girls will identify ways they can improve their speaking
techniques and begin to feel at-ease when talking to others. The girls should choose a topic they are
comfortable with, to facilitate this activity.
Identifying what you should and shouldn’t do can help individuals new to public speaking. Speakers need to
be aware of their body language and about how others perceive it. A good speaker speaks slowly, they know
that nervousness causes them to speak quickly. To solve this problem, speakers make an effort to slow
down their speech. An effective speaker has good posture and control of their body, their posture tells the
audience they are confident in themselves and confident that the audience can learn something from them.
They do not let their body distract listeners from their speech, movements are done intentionally and help
the speaker enforce an idea. By controlling their body, speakers engage the audience, this is aided by
making eye contact with listeners. Eye contact makes people feel as though they are having a one-on-one
conversation with the speaker. “Talk About It” goes over the negative emotions speakers may have, gives
students practice speaking in public as well as speaking under a time limit.
6
2. Professional Skills
Financial Literacy
This sub-topic related to the girls’ professional lives relates to the ability to use knowledge and skills to make
effective and informed money management decisions. Learning about budgeting and saving money, the
differences between wants and needs, and other money-related topics is a key component in preparing
students for their adult lives. Thus, the following section will include summaries on these topics as well as
one sample lesson plan about “Wants Vs. Needs”.
When talking about budgeting, it is important to define the term and highlight its importance. Budgeting is
the process of creating a plan to spend your money, and it is important because it helps you have enough
money to do the things you need to or would like to do in the future. A helpful way to teach budgeting is to
create scenarios with various income and expense categories from which the girls have to make budgeting
decisions. In some scenarios, they can have a surplus and decide how to spend the extra money, where in
others they have a deficit, forcing them to make decisions on what expenses to cut back on.
Teaching about savings can look similar to budgeting, as it also relates to responsible financial planning.
“Savings” is the money a person has le over when they subtract their expenses from their income. Because
of its common inclusion in budgets, it makes sense to teach this a er the budgeting lesson. A way to teach
about savings is to create a scenario where the girls have something they want to buy, then prompt them to
save small amounts of money on a daily/weekly/monthly basis, then see how long it will take them to have
enough to buy it.
Before getting to budgeting and saving, it is a good idea to first understand the difference between “needs”
and “wants”. Below is a sample lesson plan for the following topic:
7
Lesson Plan from EGLOW Manual - Needs Vs. Wants
Teaching Objective
To distinguish needs from wants and to develop a list of prioritized expenses.
Preparation
On small pieces of paper, write different amounts of money ranging from Ksh140-Ksh700, and place them in
an envelope or bag.
Prepare a flipchart paper with the following list of wants and needs:
Cell phone Food Electricity
Water Designer clothes Jersey
Blankets Airtime New Movies
Netball School fees Medicine
Activity
1. Inform the participants that today we are going to address the things we spend money on. Ask the
following question and encourage each participant to write down her answer:
“Imagine that you have just received Ksh700. What will you spend that money on? List each item and how much
you will spend on each item.”
2. A er the group has a few minutes to think, ask some volunteers to share their answers.
3. Then, take the envelope or bag with papers that you prepared and carry it around the room, asking
each participant to take a piece of paper without opening it.
4. When everyone has a paper, ask them to unfold it. Give the following instructions:
“Now, imagine that instead of the Ksh700 we talked about, you actually have the amount of money that is
indicated on your paper. Go back to your list and take off the items you cannot afford anymore, based on the
amount of money the paper says you have. Make a new list of things you will buy or do.”
5. Give the participants some time to make changes to their lists. Then, go around the room and ask
people what they chose to drop from their lists, and why. Ask participants what we can learn from
this exercise.
6. Summarize by saying, “Generally, most people have a limited amount of money to spend. They have to
make choices about how to spend the money they have. How do we make these choices? There are
many ways; however, it is important to know our needs and our wants.”
7. Next, refer to the flipchart paper you prepared with the list of needs and wants. Divide the girls into
groups of 3 and ask them to go through every item on the list and decide whether it is a want or a
need.
8. A er a few minutes, have everyone come back to the larger group and go over the list together. Are
there any differences in how the groups categorized some of the items?
9. As a group, have the girls define “want” and “need”, and record these definitions on flipchart paper.
8
Discuss
- Were there some things that you thought were a need but ended up being a want? The other way
around?
- In the first activity, what did you get rid of first when you realized you had less money? Are those
things wants or needs?
- How did you prioritize/decide what you eliminated on the list?
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Employability
Career readiness and employability skills have become an increasingly critical part of education. We
recommend lessons and activities that help the girls write their CV/Resume and improve interviewing skills.
For their CV/Resume, it is vital to define, show why it is important, and be able to show a good example.
What is it? A CV/Resume is a document that tells people about your education, work experience, and
achievements. It is presented to potential tertiary institutions and employers, so they can quickly see if you
are a good candidate for the open position.
Why is it important? It is the first impression you will make on a potential school or employer. How you
present yourself on your CV/Resume is very important. A well-written CV/Resume can make a school or
employer interested in interviewing and accepting you, while a poorly written CV/Resume will likely get
overlooked.
Another important lesson under this section is Interviewing. Next is a sample lesson plan:
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Lesson Plan from EGLOW Manual - What an Employer Wants
Teaching Objective
To get participants thinking about and practicing how to best present themselves during an interview.
Preparation
Prepare a flipchart with the following possible interview questions and suggested responses:
I see you’ve never had a job. Don’t you think you’re underqualified?
I learn quickly, I’m motivated, and you can train me to do things your way.
I’ve learned from my mistakes, and plan to continue my education. I am eager to work for this
company, and I know I can do a good job.
I really care about people, and sometimes I take too long helping one customer.
(The key with this question is to choose a weakness that can also be portrayed as a strength. In the above
example, the weakness is that this employee sometimes works slowly, but it is a strength because they are also
expressing that they’re great at customer service.)
(Never compare yourself to others – you don’t know who they are or what skills they have – besides, you don’t
want to be negative about anyone. Instead, focus on your skills and why you would be a good fit with this
particular business.)
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Activity #1
1. Introduce the lesson by saying the following to the group:
“I want you to take a moment and imagine that you own your very own successful business. You’re so
successful that you need to hire someone to help you.” (Pause)
“Okay, what kind of person do you want to hire? What kind of characteristics and skills is it important for
them to have?”
2. Pause and allow the girls to think, and then ask for some responses about skills they want their
employees to have. List these on a flipchart.
3. Explain that this session is to help the girls convince employers that they are the best person for the
job. At the same time, an interview is also a chance for them to decide if they want to work at the
place. Is it a good match for their skills and desires?
4. Tell the group that we will first discuss some tips to help them prepare for an interview:
Be on time for the interview. You are demonstrating your values as an employee, so showing up a few
minutes early for your interview starts you out on the right foot and shows you are reliable.
Dress Appropriately. This means you are neat, clean, and your clothes are a step above what you would
wear to work. This does not mean evening clothes, jeans, or immodest dress. Make sure you have bathed
and brushed your teeth.
Prepare for the interview. While interviewers expect you to be nervous, one word answers are not
appropriate. The interviewer wants to get to know you, to learn your skills, experience, and to be able to
decide if you will fit in with the other employees. Don’t make the interviewer drag this information out of
you.
Practice with friends or family answering the questions you can expect to be asked. For example, walk into
the interview knowing what you will say if you are asked why you want the position (read the job description
to find out what the position requires). Find out something about the company where you are applying.
Every question is, “Why should I hire you?” so answer them with that in mind. If the interviewer says, “Tell
me about yourself,” that’s your cue to talk about any skills and experience that relate to the job. Don’t talk
about difficulties in your family. When you practice answering questions for the interview, include your
strengths, achievements, things you’re proud of doing. If you can’t think of any, ask your friends and
family-they can tell you.
What is your greatest weakness? This is a hard question. Most of us have more than one weakness. Choose
one that can be both a strength and a weakness, and be sure to talk about how you learn from overcoming
that weakness.
Speak up. Even if your normal speaking voice is very so , don’t make the interviewer strain to hear you.
Speak loudly enough to be heard; it will help you appear confident.
Watch your body language. If you have a tendency to wave your hands about, or tap your foot when you’re
nervous, be aware you do that and try hard to curb it. It will distract the interviewer from what you are
12
saying, which is where you want his/her focus to be. Also, sit up straight and keep your legs together. You
want your body language to show respect.
Don’t ask about wages or benefits. An interview is all about what you can do for the employer. If you are
asked why you want to work there, talk about what you have to offer, how you can use your skills, etc.
Have questions to ask the interviewer about the job and the company. These shows you’ve done your
homework, researched the company, and are interested in how you will fit in. See above for what not to talk
about.
Don’t burn your bridges. If you accept a position and then decide, for whatever reason, that you have to
back out, let the employer know as soon as possible. If you accept a position and then just don’t show up for
the first day of work, you can forget about ever working for that company. Also, employers talk to each other.
You may get a reputation for being unreliable, and that could be hard to change.
Be respectful. Respect the employer and recognize he or she is taking time to interview you and to read
your CV, application, etc. Thank the interviewer for their time spent, and be respectful throughout.
Any time you’re not sure what to do or how to answer a question, imagine that you are the person doing
the hiring. What would you want to know?
Activity #2
1. Share with the girls the following points that employers say they want to know from potential
candidates:
a. Are they teachable? You may be considered for a position even if you don’t have all the
required skills, if you present that you are open to learning.
b. Are they willing to do all parts of the job?
c. Are they self-motivated? Will you work if no one is looking? Will you stay the full time you are
scheduled?
d. Are they trustworthy and honest?
e. Do they show initiative? Do you look around and see what needs to be done, or wait to be
told?
f. Do they have a positive attitude?
Remember, your behavior speaks louder than anything you say. You are not invisible, and what you do in
your own time may still have an effect on your job search, especially if you are looking in your own
community.
2. Tell the group that now we will review some questions that are commonly asked at interviews. Post
the flipchart paper you prepared with the questions, and lead a brief discussion on how the girls
might address them.
3. Split the participants into pairs. Explain that they are going to conduct practice interviews. One
person should spend about 10 minutes being the interviewer while the other is the applicant, then
you can instruct them to switch roles. Walk around the room while this is happening and listen to the
pairs. Offer constructive criticism, reminding them of the interview tips.
4. Ask one of the pairs to present their interview role play for the club.
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Discuss
What did you notice about the body language in their role play?
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3. Lifestyle
Nutrition
Rusalia Scholars will be educated about nutrition so they can spread the word and improve overall health in
their respective communities. It will be particularly beneficial to partner with local community members
who specialize in growing fruit, and fishing and seafood cuisine preparation. This will improve the general
opinion of what “staple foods” are available in large quantities and local to Kisumu and her neighboring
communities.
To further incentivize nutrition, mentorship and education for the girls can adopt a focus on malnutrition
affecting rural areas, with specific emphasis on lack of food and obesity.
Exercise
The RRF girls are excellent athletes by nature, and enjoy volleyball, netball, soccer and tennis. Team sports
participation positively impacts a young person’s mental health and ability to make and maintain
relationships, and provides girls with an excellent opportunity to cra leadership skills on the court or field.
See more on Sports Participation in 5. Future Directions, Application Process.
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markers.
Ultimately, these lessons could be tools for the Rusalia girls to understand the stereotypes that might
negatively affect their own self-perception and empower them to grow away from these and pursue fulfilling
relationships as well.
Sexual Education
EGLOW breaks up Sexual Education into 13 several teachable units centered around the two large themes of
HIV/AIDS and Sexual Reproduction.
Sexual Education should be taught in partnership, and a er, the themes of Communication, Negotiation,
Healthy Relationships and Self-Esteem. Once students have learned how to advocate for themselves,
recognize what a healthy relationships looks like, and are able to communicate their needs and wants, then
sexual education training can begin. These topics act as a foundation which create the space for a
productive conversation around sex to take place, they are tools to help students navigate gender, sex and
sexual behavior. This strong foundation equips girls with the language, confidence and healthy curiosity to
have meaningful conversations centered around sex.
Sex is considered a taboo topic in many cultures and is o en discussed only a er men bring it up. Through
the 13 EGLOW lessons, girls will be able to identify how sex and health are interconnected, and that these
connections exist in many different ways in their every day lives.
When introducing the male/female anatomy, language and ideas of sex should be repeated o en as they are
topics that are difficult to understand in one sitting. Many of the EGLOW lessons overlap with one another to
reinforce new and difficult ideas. Repeating language about sexual education is important in order to
normalize an unfamiliar vocabulary, students should feel as comfortable talking about their bodies with
family and peers as they do when discussing any other topic. A er completing lessons around
communication, negotiation, healthy relationships, and sex ed, students should feel able to speak with their
parents about how they feel, their bodies, and the relationships they have as they grow older and those
issues change with time.
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4. Community Project
Lesson Plan: based on the Jóvenes Atiempo (Youth in Time) program established by the Mexican
organization Vía Educación.
Teaching objective
First, to create awareness about the issues that affect the girls’ communities and the country and to
empower them to take some of these issues into their own hands. Promote hands-on learning of important
life skills such as organization, leadership, teamwork, and empathy.
Activity
Examples of community projects suggested by the girls:
1. Community garden
2. Clean water initiative
3. Tree-planting activity
4. Waste disposal
1. Introduction to community project (brainstorm)
a. Have girls individually brainstorm issues that affect their neighborhood/close community,
school, and state that they can do something about. Then have them brainstorm what they
could do about each of these issues.
b. A er individual reflections, give girls two big posters. In the first one, draw three big boxes
with the labels “community,” “neighborhood,” and “school.” Have the girls write down the
issues they see in each of these. in the second poster, draw the same boxes but have the girls
write down the potential actions they could take for each of the issue types.
2. Selection of community project
a. Girls and mentors will now discuss which issue and issue actions they wish to select in order
to turn into a community project. Characteristics to consider could be: feasibility, length of
project (1-3 days), costs, effectiveness of project, location, etc.
b. Brainstorm potential community members that could give insights to the most effective
implementation of the project.
c. Choose the project.
3. Developing the project
a. Take time to establish a realistic and impactful project that could mitigate the issue at hand.
b. Have girls develop an organized plan in order to practice leadership and problem solving
skills
4. Execution
a. Use one to two days to bring the project into action. Involve both mentors and girls, but give
girls opportunity to take ownership of the project.
17
Discuss
Motivate the girls to reflect on the most important lessons that they learned from this project and on future
projects that they would like to pursue related to issues that are important to them.
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5. Future Directions
Application Process
Positive effects of a holistic application approach to become a Rusalia Scholar are twofold: 1. Informing the
Kenya NGO panel reviewers of each applicant’s accomplishments and circumstances, and 2. Preparing girls
for future applications to University. Please see below recommendations for the Application process.
Applicants to RRF will be responsible for providing:
● List of Sports Participation and Leadership Roles held (e.g. Team Captain, Co-Captain, Equipment
Manager)
● Personal Statement narrating talents and interests beyond the classroom and/or personal or familial
challenges overcome
● Attending a >30 min interview with the admissions committee, focused on personality, confidence,
and academic prowess
● Standardized Test Score, where possible
● There is potential to collaborate with the Government to administer examinations of national
curricula (completed before in Busia and Teso under the 2001-2003 Girls Scholarship Program).
University Opportunities
A long-term goal for RRF Scholars is to study at advanced institutions for higher education. Connections are in
place at the University of Notre Dame. In its applicant pool, Notre Dame looks for “Academic performance in
high school, High school academic requirements, Standardized Tests, Extracurricular Activities (Emphasis on
‘Passions’), Letters of evaluation, Essay (Writing Skills), and Examples of Talent.” Rusalia Resource
Foundation is already designed to support and sharpen these qualities in Scholar girls. Mentors could be trained
to write Letters of evaluation.
To support accountability among NGO staff and provide current and potential donors with more exact
information on RRF’s impact and reach, prioritize maintaining the existing database of girls, complete with:
Also, a future DAT could create an additional database with Mentor information:
● Hometown
● Past and Current Occupation
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● Teachable Skills
● Professional Network Connections, if applicable
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6. Appendix
I. Negotiation
Link to access the Girls Arise! curriculum: https://hbsp.harvard.edu/girls-arise/
The bottom of the page contains clickable links to the curriculum for each of the sessions as well as to the
different exercises.
Session 1: Working Together
● Teaching objective: To teach that negotiation is a way of talking and working together with
others to solve problems. students should understand that working with others can be a
source of strength. Through examples, stories, and activities, students should learn that good
solutions are possible when negotiating partners - who are o en fighting over positions -
instead consider interests.
● Skills: Students should be able to identify positions versus interests.
Session 2: Me
● Teaching objective: Learn to understand and express oneself in a negotiation. The students
should learn to identify their own interests and communicate them. Students should be able
to recognize that there are other options in case negotiation fails, and practice “walking
away”.
● Skills: Students should be able to identify their own deeper interests and express them to
others. They should be able to recognize other options, say “no” to someone else, and walk
away in order to say “yes” to their own interests.
Session 3: You
● Teaching objectives: Students should learn...
○ Ways to help the other person in a negotiation to open up
○ Why preparation is needed for a good negotiation
○ How to get in a “working together mindset”
○ How to diffuse anger and resistance by stepping to the other person’s side
○ How to discover interests in a way that does not make the other person feel
questioned or challenged
● Skills: Learning to find out the other person’s interests by stepping to their side and asking
open or indirect questions.
Session 4: Together & Build
● Teaching objectives: Students should learn how to close the distance between themselves
and the person they are negotiating with by finding shared interests, recognizing roadblocks,
and emphasizing similarities rather than divisions. Finally, they should see how important
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both talking and a relationship is in negotiation.
● Skills: Identifying shared interests, seeing resistance as being caused by roadblocks and not
true differences, managing one’s own emotions, coming up with ideas without judging or
rejecting; thinking of solutions that address the interests of each party.
Session 5: The Full Negotiation Process
● Teaching objectives: Practice bringing together all of the negotiation tools to come up with an
agreement that meets the interests of everyone involved.
● Skills: Integrating everything that was learned over the course of the curriculum.
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