Manticao ICM Plan

I.
FOREWORD
In CY 2019, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

Regional Office through the Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office
(PENRO) of Misamis Oriental has conducted Coastal and Marine Habitat Mapping
and Assessment in the municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental as basis in the
formulation of the Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICM). Pursuant to Executive
Order no. 533 the DENR is mandated as the lead agency to developed ICM within
coastal municipalities to address conservation for sustainable marine and aquatic
resources. Threatened by the natural calamities and anthropogenic activities bought by
the development within the coastal areas, that led to the realization that ICM Plan
requires comprehensive approaches of implementation.
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II. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) of Misamis

Oriental would like to acknowledge the Local Government Unit (MLGU and BLGUs)
and the participating communities of Manticao, Misamis Oriental, who shared support
for successful completion of this Coastal and Marine Habitat Assessment and by
providing necessary data for the formulation of Integrated Coastal Management Plan.
Also, this plan would not have been accomplished without the collaborative efforts in
the conduct of planning, monitoring, implementation and management of marine and
aquatic natural resources.
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III. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Philippine coastal and marine resources experiences high pressure on several
threats such as the increasing number of coastal population or settlers, increasing
number of fishery demands, degrading coastal habitat (habitat loss) and climate
change. These pressures also include the unsustainable fishing, use of destructive
fishing techniques, and other related activities. Accordingly, barriers that limit the
local ability to address these threats include the insufficient understanding of the
connectivity of marine habitat (resources) and the ecological processes that supports
the biodiversity. Generally ineffective conservation management and enforcement of
laws, rules and regulation, and limited capacity have also contributed to the declining
coastal and marine biodiversity.
Thus, the limitations have forced the Philippine government to formulate strategies
and take actions to mitigate the pressure and threats towards sustainable management
of coastal and marine resources. In which, government have issued the Executive
Order 533, “Adopting Integrated Coastal Management as National Strategy to Ensure
the Sustainable Development of the Country’s Coastal and Marine Environment and
Resources and Establishing Supporting Mechanisms For Its Implementation”.
Pursuant to the law, the DENR is mandated as the leading government agency in the
implementation and provide technical support and guidance to the Local Government
Units (LGUs) and stakeholders in the formulation of the Integrated Coastal
Management Plan (ICMP) in coordination with other OGA, NGOs, and Private
Sector.
This management plan has focused on the strategies and management to implement by
the municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental to attain sustainable coastal and
marine habitat/resource.
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IV. INTRODUCTION
IV.1. Scope and Purpose of the Plan
Integrated Coastal Resource Management refers to a wise and responsible use of

coastal resources to promote sustainable coastal and marine habitat/resources present
within the coastal areas. Further, Coastal Resources refers to the natural resources
present within the coastal area such as mollusk (shellfishes), crustaceans (crabs shrimp
and others), and other fishery products including the complex ecosystem that support
marine biodiversity. In maximizing the utility of the coastal resource of the
municipality, a need for proper management, strategies should be implemented and
must be supported by the local communities to regulate the collection and the use of
destructive activities in coastal area. Generally, the least concerns of local
communities have contributed a negative impact that has resulted to the declining
quality of coastal and marine resources. Thus, this led to the formulation of this
Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICM).
This Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICMP) is designed to serve as guide for
the Local Government Units of municipality and technical working groups who will
work and focuses on the present coastal resources users to promote sustainable marine
biodiversity.
IV.2. History Planning Process
Series of activities and coordination were conducted by the technical working group
(TWG) composed of the representatives from the PENRO Misamis Oriental, CENRO
Initao, LGU (MLGU and BLGUs), fisherfolks and the coastal local communities.
Detailed coastal and marine habitat assessment was conducted on December 9 – 13,
2019 to determine the existing coastal habitat resources within the municipality.
Socio-economic assessment through focus group discussion (FGD) and key informant
interview (KII) was also conducted by the assessment team to evaluate and determine
issues and concerns pertaining to coastal resources and fishery products.
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V. MUNICIPAL PROFILE
Manticao is derived from the word “Mantika” which means lard and “Ikaw” meaning
you. Before the coming of the Spaniards the place was still a virgin forest. Being
adjacent to the province of Lanao, the place was always a target of the so-called
“MORO” to capture Christian people and make them slaves.
Knowing full well that Muslims don’t eat pork, they strategize to threaten the Muslims
by putting pork lard on their weapons and bodies as they bravely faced the enemies by
shouting “Mantika Ikaw”. Manticao is one of the 23 municipalities of Misamis
Oriental. The municipality lies on the Western part of the province, situated 60
kilometers from Cagayan de Oro and 24 kilometers from Iligan City.
The municipality is bounded by the city of Iligan and the municipality of Lugait to the
South, to the north by the municipalities of Alubijid, El Salvador and Naawan, to the
east by the municipality of Opol and to the west by Iligan Bay.
V.1. Political Subdivision

The municipality has 13 barangays namely; Argayoso, Balintad, Cabalantian,
Camanga, Digkilaan, Mahayahay, Paniangan, Patag, Poblacion, Punta Silum, Tu-od
and Upper Malubog.
Only 2 barangays are situated along the coastline (Poblacion & Punta Silum) the rest
are land locked barangays. Manticao has a total land area of 12,929.82 or 129.29
sq.km.
V.2. Brief Political History

Manticao used to be part of the municipality of Initao, Misamis Orinetal until on
February 7, 1949, it became a separate municipality by virtue of Executive Order No.
203 comprised of Lugait and part of Naawan until the separation of the two
municipalities on March 16, 1961 and June 14, 1957, respectively.
Laureto A. Talaroc was its first Mayor as a new municipality. Since then, there were
12 mayorial terms of office occupied either elected or appointed by operation of law.
Table 1. List of Local Chief Executives in Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
LOCAL CHIEF EXECUTIVES YEAR OF INCUMBENCY
1. Hon. Laureto A. Talaroc 1949 – 1951
2. Hon. Alejandro D. Uy, Sr. 1951 – 1967
3. Hon. Eugenio B. Alcido – Appointed / Elected 1967 – 1979
4. Hon. Alejandro D. Uy, Sr. – Appointed 1979 – 1980
5. Hon. Advenigo J. Talaroc 1980 – 1966
6. Hon. Dr. Jezelindo A. Orong, M.D. – Appointed 1986 – 1987
7. Hon. Paquito A. Anggot – Appointed 1987 – 1988
8. Hon. Dr. Jezelindo A. Orong, M.D. 1988 – 1995
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9. Hon. Lilith D. Jabla 1995 – 1998
10. Hon. Eliezer H. Caballero 1998 – 2001
11. Hon. Lilith D. Jabla 2001 – 2010
12. Hon. Roberto M. Lagrosas 2010-2016
13. Hon. Antonio H. Baculio 2016-present
V.3. Name of the Municipality
The name Manticao is derived from the word “Mantika” which means lard and
“Ikaw” meaning you. Before the coming of the Spaniards the place was still a virgin
forest. Being adjacent to the province of Lanao, the place was always a target of the
so-called “MORO” to capture Christian people and make them slaves. Knowing full
well that Muslims don’t eat pork, they strategize to threaten the Muslims by putting
pork lard on their weapons and bodies as they bravely faced the enemies by shouting
“Mantika Ikaw”. The words become the battle cry until the enemies were defeated.
From that time on, the place is called “Manticao”.
V.4. Early Settlers
The earliest known settlers of the territory were the Jagonals, Bolorons, Jabagats,
Mangmang, Bagares, Saylans, Pacanas, Jablas, Iragans, Don Juans, Wapins and
Quitorianos families. They were hardworking and united in faith when they fought
against the natives, the Pulahans and Muslims. Consequently, diverse immigrants
from Bohol, Siquijor, Cebu and Camiguin came to settle in Manticao.
Figure 1. Municipal map of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
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V.5. Geographical Location
Manticao is one of the 24 municipalities of Misamis Oriental. It falls between

8o25’00” latitude and 24o15’00” longitude. The municipality lies on the Western part
of the province, situated 60 kilometers from Cagayan de Oro and 24 kilometers from
Iligan City. It is bounded in the south by the city of Iligan and the municipality of
Lugait, to the north by the municipalities of Alubijid, El Salvador and Naawan, to the
east by the municipality of Pool and to the west by Iligan Bay.
V.6. Other Vital Information

Congressional District: 2nd district of Misamis Oriental
No. of Barangays: 13 (9 Rural and 4 Urban)
Income classification: 4th class
Population Growth Rate: 1.8%
Average Household size: 5
Literacy rate: 94%
Major source of Livelihood: Farming
Major Crops Grown: Coconut and Banana
V.7. Climate Statistics

The climate is tropical in Manticao. There is significant rainfall in most months of the
year. The short dry season has little effect on the overall climate. This climate is
considered to be Am according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The
average annual temperature in Manticao is 27.0 °C. The rainfall here averages 2490
mm.
Figure 2. Municipal annual rainfall/precipitation from CY 2001 – 2012.
The precipitation varies 438 mm between the driest month and the wettest month.
During the year, the average temperatures vary by 1.8 °C. Useful hints about reading
the climate table: For every month, you will find data about precipitation (mm),
average, maximum and minimum temperature (degrees Celsius and Fahrenheit).
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Meaning of the first line: (1) January, (2) February, (3) March, (4) April, (5) May, (6)
June, (7) July, (8) August, (9) September, (10) October, (11) November, (12)
December.
V.8. Temperature graph
Figure 3. Municipal annual temperature data/profile from CY 2001 – 2012.
Based on the data (figure 2) the municipality of Manticao experienced an average of

27.8 °C, May is the warmest month. January has the lowest average temperature of the
year. It is 26.0 °C.
V.9. Mountain Slope

The municipality has a terrain that is steep, followed by very steep and mountainous,
gently sloping, and undulating to tolling and finally rolling to moderate. Slope range
of these terrain are 30-50%, 50% & above, 3-8 %, 8-18% and 18-30% respectively.
Combined these terrains comprised 77% of the land area of the province (see table 2).
Table 2. Slope classification by land area within the municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Oriental.
Classification Description Area (Hectares) Percent (%) Total
3-8 percent Gently Sloping 1,506.96 11.66
8-18 percent Undulating To Rolling 1,363.21 10.54
18-30 percent Rolling to Moderate 1,325.71 10.25
30-50 percent Steep Hills 5,444.46 42.11
50 percent & above Very Steep hills 3,289.48 25.44
Total 12,929.82 100.00
Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources 10
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V.10. Erosion Class
More than 24.06 percent of the municipality’s land area is classified as severe in terms
of the degree of erosion, while 29.84 percent is classified as having moderate erosion.
No apparent and slight degree of erosion comprised 18.34% and 27.76% respectively.
Table 3. Total area in hectares per erosion class within the Municipality of Manticao,
Misamis Oriental.
Description Area (Has) Percent (%) Total
No apparent Erosion 2,371.21 18.34
Slight Erosion 3,589.96 27.76
Moderate Erosion 3,857.87 29.84
Severe Erosion 3,110.78 24.06
Total 12,929.82 100.00
V.11. Vegetation & Soil Type

The municipality has three types of soil being identified by the Bureau of Soils.
Majority of these soil types cover the alienable and disposable area. Among the 3
types of soil, undifferentiated mountain soil covers 9,450.29 or 73.09%. While 19.89
% or 2,571.32 hectares fall under the Faraon Clay and the remaining 7.02% or 908.21
have covers by matina clay.
Table 4. Land area by soil type within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Soil type Area (has.) Percent total
Matina Clay 908.21 7.02
Faraon Clay 2,571.32 19.89
Undifferentiated Mountain Soil 9,450.29 73.09
Total 12,929.82 100.00
Source: Bureau of Solid Waste Management 10
Table 5. Comparative land area/percentage within the Municipality of Manticao,

Misamis Oriental.
Barangay Land Area (Has.) Percent (%) total
1. Argayoso 803.88 5.95
2. Balintad 1,411.8 10.44
3. Camanga 641.5 4.74
4. Cabalantian 1,734.0 12.82
5. Digkilaan 1,120.00 8.28
6. Mahayahay 3,080.6 22.78
7. Paniangan 469.5 3.47
8. Pagawan 861.97 6.37
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9. Patag 413.25 3.06
10. Poblacion 486.0 3.60
11. Punta Silum 309.00 2.30
12. Tu-od 1,008.0 7.46
13. Upper Malubog 1,180.5 8.73
Total 13,520.00 100.00
Source: Municipal Planning and Development Office
VI. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

Table 6. Tabular demographic data/profile at the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Oriental (2018).
Barangay Land Percent to No. of No. of Population Density
Area Total Area Households Populations (Person/sq.km.)
Argayoso 1,410.18 10.91% 233 1107 79
Balintad 1,325.25 10.25% 150 692 52
Cabalantian 1,522.51 11.77% 750 3597 236
Camanga 866.01 6.70% 281 1191 138
Digkilaan 898.52 6.95% 128 690 77
Mahayahay 2,104.16 16.27% 172 739 35
Pagawan 1,069.37 8.27% 471 2146 201
Paniangan 454.04 3.51% 335 1655 365
Patag 432.12 3.34% 318 1606 372
Poblacion 483.59 3.74% 1886 8767 1813
Punta Silum 159.28 1.23% 940 4230 2656
Tu-od 923.36 7.14% 723 3756 407
Upper Malubog 1,281.43 9.92% 166 794 62
Total 12,929.82 100.00 6553 30970 240
The municipality of Manticao has a total land area of 12,929.82 hectares and as a 4th
class municipality in the province with an appropriation of only P 81,526,163.95 for
CY 2016.
VI.1. Population Growth Rate
The population of the municipality increased at an annual growth rate of 1.8% from
CY 2000 to 2005. This is 38% higher than the 1.33% annual growth rate observed
during the years from CY 1995 - 2000.
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30000
25000
20000
Population density
15000
10000
5000
0
1980 1990 1995 2000 2005
Calendar Year
Figure 4. Graphical illustration on the population growth in Manticao, Misamis

Oriental.
VI.2. Population density per Barangay
Table 7. Comparative population density (per Barangay) at the Municipality of
Manticao, Misamis Oriental (2018).
Barangay 1980 1990 1995 2000 2005
1. Argayoso 727 902 847 877 1,055
2. Balintad 260 322 448 420 538
3. Cabalantian 2,371 2,940 3,028 2,978 3,334
4. Camanga 555 688 860 1,084 963
5. Digkilaan 379 470 500 544 565
6. Mahayahay 275 341 454 655 720
7. Pagawan 1,359 1,678 1,695 1,727 1,548
8. Paniangan 734 911 998 1,013 1,216
9. Patag 980 1,215 1,316 1,209 1,362
10. Poblacion 4,829 5,987 6,467 7,308 8,315
11. Punta Silum 2,406 2,983 3,000 3,319 3,339
12. Tu-od 2,098 2,601 2,683 2,552 2,791
13. Upper Malubog 327 405 334 386 529
Total 17,294 21,443 22,630 24,072 26,275
Source: NSO-Cagayan de Oro City & BPO’S
VI.3. Household Profile
Table 8. Household profile (per Barangay) within the Municipality of Manticao,

Misamis Oriental.
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Barangay No. of Families Household Pop’n No. of Household
1. Argayoso 189 1,055 186
2. Balintad 99 538 97
3. Cabalantian 670 3,334 660
4. Camanga 230 963 210
5. Digkilaan 97 565 97
6. Mahayahay 149 720 140
7. Pagawan 324 1,548 351
8. Paniangan 273 1,216 256
9. Patag 284 1,362 268
10. Poblacion 2,077 8,315 1,787
11. Punta Silum 700 3,339 600
12. Tu-od 691 2,791 541
13. Upper Malubog 100 529 100
Total 5,910 26,275 5274
VI.4. Population Projection by Barangay

Table 9. Comparative population projection within the Municipality of Manticao,
Misamis Oriental for the CY 2005 – 2025.
Barangay 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
1. Argayoso 1,055 1,150 1,254 1,367 1,490
2. Balintad 538 586 639 697 760
3. Cabalantian 3,334 3,634 3,961 4,317 4,705
4. Camanga 963 1,050 1,144 1,247 1,359
5. Digkilaan 565 616 671 731 797
6. Mahayahay 720 785 856 933 1,017
7. Pagawan 1,548 1,687 1,839 2,005 2,186
8. Paniangan 1,216 1,325 1,444 1,574 1,715
9. Patag 1,362 1,485 1,619 1,765 1,924
10. Poblacion 8,315 9,063 9,878 10,767 11,736
11. Punta Silum 3,339 3,640 3,968 4,325 4,714
12. Tu-od 2,791 3,042 3,3316 3,614 3,939
13. Upper Malubog 529 577 629 686 748
Total 26,275 28,640 31,218 34,028 37,090
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VI.5. Population Distribution by Gender
Table 10. Comparative population distribution (by gender) as of CY 2005.
Age CY 2000 (NSO) CY 2005 (Actual)
Group Male Female Sex Ratio Male Female Sex Ratio
(Years) (per 100 female) (per 100 female)
Less than 1 243 264 92 345 346 99.7
1-4 1,069 1,072 99.7 1,442 1,443 99.93
5-9 1,233 1,115 110.5 1,741 1,814 95.97
10-14 1,312 1,382 94.9 1,450 1,510 96.0
15-24 1,638 1,555 105.3 2,263 2,120 106.7
25-29 1,153 1,056 109.2 908 909 99.9
30-34 1,189 1,196 99.4 846 847 99.9
35-39 1,097 1,044 105 720 721 99.9
40-44 1,101 1,096 100.4 552 559 98.7
45-49 914 927 98.6 464 465 99.8
50-54 935 926 100.9 360 363 99.2
55-59 725 820 88.4 300 319 94.0
60-64 353 316 111.7 220 228 96.5
65 & above 256 288 88.9 383 434 88.2
Total 13,218 13,057 101.2 11,994 12,078 99.3
VI.6. Population distribution

Table 11. Comparative population distribution by age within the Municipality of
Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Age Group Male Female
(Years)
Number Percent (%) Number Percent (%)
0-4 1,312 5.0 1,336 5.1
5-9 1,233 4.7 1,115 4.2
10-14 1,312 5.0 1,382 5.3
15-24 1,638 6.2 1,555 5.9
25-29 1,153 4.4 1,056 4.0
30-34 1,189 4.5 1,196 4.6
35-39 1,097 4.2 1,044 4.0
40-44 1,101 4.2 1,096 4.2
45-49 914 3.4 927 3.5
50-54 935 3.6 926 3.5
55-59 725 2.8 820 3.1
60-64 353 1.3 316 1.2
65 & Above 256 1.0 288 1.1
Total 13,218 50.3 13,057 49.7
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VI.7. Population by Age Group and Gender
Table 12. Comparative population by age group and gender within the Municipality of
All Ages Argayoso Balintad Cabalantian Camanga Digkilaan Mahayahay Pagawan
M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Under 1 4 6 7 14 38 48 8 7 10 15 25 27 20 15
1-4 31 59 8 18 142 147 17 18 30 12 29 32 42 41
5-9 42 41 38 40 98 103 21 19 35 25 68 50 74 60
10-14 45 54 32 40 105 172 72 64 40 25 46 30 79 69
15-24 165 179 58 69 172 156 37 60 50 30 50 27 80 70
25-29 31 35 29 17 158 126 62 47 25 30 35 25 81 72
30-34 37 29 13 14 125 143 47 40 23 27 35 21 83 64
35-39 35 27 14 9 123 129 36 38 30 25 22 19 74 60
40-44 32 37 19 18 110 130 39 36 32 24 15 16 43 65
45-49 38 21 8 6 143 148 36 34 13 15 14 23 58 64
50-54 19 21 10 12 135 240 36 28 16 14 21 19 78 89
55-59 23 23 18 14 110 115 33 73 7 2 24 22 61 65
60-64 7 8 1 3 49 65 17 20 2 4 10 7 5 9
65 & 4 2 5 4 6 45 9 9 2 2 5 3 25 22
Above
Total 513 542 260 278 1569 1765 470 493 315 250 399 321 783 765
Table 13. Comparative population by age group and gender within the Municipality of
All Ages Paniangan Patag Poblacion Punta Tu-od Upper Total
Silum Malubog
M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Under 1 20 10 14 13 74 83 3 3 15 16 5 9 243 264
1-4 58 58 54 40 382 400 162 100 101 131 13 16 1069 1072
5-9 75 68 57 36 350 305 223 217 124 130 28 21 1233 1115
10-14 86 70 74 81 425 400 180 220 108 131 20 26 1312 1382
15-24 125 101 193 167 375 335 183 209 130 132 20 20 1638 1555
25-29 52 36 55 36 350 350 130 130 126 131 19 21 1153 1056
30-34 48 44 40 41 418 450 180 160 130 133 30 30 1189 1196
35-39 35 50 39 40 410 407 110 90 139 120 30 30 1097 1044
40-44 41 38 40 46 420 402 130 150 140 94 40 40 1101 1096
45-49 23 30 42 34 318 347 90 70 101 110 30 25 914 927
50-54 21 19 29 23 250 221 130 129 180 96 10 15 935 926
55-59 30 32 43 38 205 238 70 80 93 110 8 8 725 820
60-64 13 15 33 27 99 75 62 52 28 27 7 4 353 316
65 & 6 12 13 14 101 125 38 38 5 10 2 2 256 288
Above
Total 633 583 726 636 4177 4138 1691 1648 1420 1371 262 267 13218 13057
VI.8. Household population
Accordingly, household is a social unit consisting of a person living alone or a group

of persons who sleep in the same housing unit. These people have common
arrangement for the preparation and consumption of food. The survey has determined
the household population of the municipality of 26,275 dwelling in 5,274 numbers of
households. The figures yield an average of 5.55 people per household.
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VI.9. Gender distribution in Urban and Rural
It is showed that female household population is slightly greater than the male
household population by only 4. Female population dominates the male particularly in
urban areas with male population higher in the rural areas. Generally, a total 67% of
the population occupied the urban area.
Table 14. Comparative gender distribution in urban and rural areas within the
Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Barangay Male Female Total Sex Ratio % Total
A. Urban:
Cabalantian 1,569 1,765 3,334 88.89 12.69
Poblacion 4,177 4,138 8,315 100.94 31.65
Punta Silum 1,691 1,648 3,339 102.61 12.71
Tu-od 1,420 1,371 2,791 103.57 10.62
Sub-total 8,857 8,922 17,779 99.27 67.67
B. Rural:
Argayoso 513 542 1,055 94.65 4.01
Balintad 260 278 538 93.52 2.05
Camanga 470 493 963 95.33 3.67
Digkilaan 315 250 565 126.00 2.15
Mahayahay 399 321 720 124.30 2.74
Pagawan 783 765 1,548 102.35 5.89
Paniangan 633 583 1,216 108.58 4.63
Patag 726 636 1,362 114.15 5.18
Upper Malubog 262 267 529 98.13 2.01
Sub-total 4,361 4,135 8,496 105.46 32.33
Grand Total 13,218 13,057 26,275 101.23 100.00
VI.10. Marital Status
Marital status is classified into single, married, widowed, divorced/separated, others

and unknown. The CY 2000 data showed that almost half of the population are
married (49.61%) and 46.99% are single. The widowed population stand at 3.88% and
a little above 0.55 percent are separated. Barangay Poblacion, Punta Silum and
Cabalantian have the highest number of marriages with 2,551, 1,159 and 1,040
respectively.
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Table 15. Marital status within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Age Group, Sex and Household MARITAL STATUS
Barangay Population Single Married Widowed Divorced/ Other Unknown
10 Yrs. & 44.99 49.61 3.88 Separated 0.55 s 0.12
Over 0.85
1. Argayoso
Both Sexes 617 277 306 24 3 6 -
Male 293 132 146 11 1 3 -
Female 324 146 160 13 2 3 -
2. Balintad
Both Sexes 296 133 147 11 2 3 -
Male 154 69 76 6 1 2 -
Female 142 64 71 5 1 1 -
3. Cabalantian
Both Sexes 2,096 943 1,040 81 12 18 2
Male 1,014 456 503 39 6 9 1
Female 1,082 487 42 42 6 9 1
4. Camanga
Both Sexes 763 343 379 30 4 7 -
Male 396 178 197 16 2 3 -
Female 367 165 182 14 2 4 -
5. Digkilaan
Both Sexes 383 172 190 15 2 4 -
Male 196 88 97 8 1 2 -
Female 187 84 93 7 1 2 -
6. Mahayahay
Both Sexes 461 207 229 18 3 4 -
Male 221 99 110 9 1 2 -
Female 240 108 119 9 2 2 -
7. Pagawan
Both Sexes 1,215 547 603 47 7 10 1
Male 583 262 289 23 3 5 1
Female 632 285 314 24 4 5 -
8. Paniangan
Both Sexes 713 321 354 28 4 6 -
Male 439 198 218 17 2 4 -
Female 274 123 136 11 2 2 -
9. Patag
Both Sexes 851 382 423 33 5 7 1
Male 446 200 222 17 3 4 -
Female 405 182 201 16 2 3 1
10. Poblacion
Both Sexes 5,142 2,313 2,551 200 28 44 6
Male 2,501 1,125 1,241 97 14 21 3
Female 2,641 1,188 1,310 103 14 23 3
11. Punta Silum
Both Sexes 2,336 1,051 1,159 90 13 20 3
Male 1,212 545 601 47 7 10 2
Female 1,124 506 558 43 6 10 1
12. Tu-od
Both Sexes 1,796 808 891 70 10 15 2
Male 886 399 441 35 5 7 -
Female 910 409 451 35 5 8 2
13.Upper Malubog
Both Sexes 272 122 136 11 1 2 -
Male 125 56 62 5 1 1 -
Female 147 66 74 6 - 1 -
Total
Both Sexes 16,941 7,620 658 94 146 146 5
Male 8,466 3,807 330 47 713 713 7
Female 8,475 3,813 328 47 73 73 8
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VI.11. Mother Tongue
It is showed that about 99.17% of the inhabitants claimed Cebuano as their mother
tongue (see table below). A far second on the dialects spoken in the municipality is
Boholano. The data showed in table below that most of the original settlers in
Manticao are mostly from province of Cebu.
Table 16. Mother tongue distribution within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Oriental.
Mother HH Percent Male Percent Female Percent
Tongue Population (%) Total (%) Total (%) Total
Both Sexes
Alkalon 2 0.01 2 0.01 - -
Apayao 2 0.01 2 0.01 - -
Boholano 94 0.39 48 0.2 46 0.19
Chavacano 2 0.01 2 0.01 - -
Cebuano 23,872 99.17 12,320 51.18 11,552 47.99
Cotabateno 7 0.03 2 0.01 5 0.02
Gaddang 2 0.01 2 0.01 - -
Hiligaynon 7 0.03 5 0.02 2 0.01
Ilongo 5 0.02 3 0.01 2 0.01
Manobo 2 0.01 2 0.01 - -
Maranao 2 0.01 2 0.01 - -
Tagalog 24 0.19 14 0.05 10 0.04
Waray 7 0.03 2 0.01 5 0.02
Chinese 5 0.02 3 0.01 2 0.01
Not Stated 39 0.16 24 0.01 15 0.06
Total 24,072 100% 12,433 51.65 11,639 48.35
Source: Comprehensive Land – Use Plan - Manticao, Misamis Oriental
VII. CLIMATE PROFILE

VII.1. Climate Statistics
Manticao falls under the third type of climate like the rest of the municipalities in
western part of the province. This is characterized by a pronounced rainy period with
short dry season covering for one to three months. Rainy seasons usually occur the
month of May to October, while dry seasons starts on November to April.
VII.2. Rainfall
The rainfall pattern of the municipality in 10 year historical as shown in Table 15

indicates that 1992 has the least rainfall in terms of intensity and frequency being
measured in millimeter and number of days, respectively. Year 1999 recorded more
amount of rainfall as well as number of days during the period. On a year round basis,
the month of July is the rainiest month as having the highest rainfall both in intensity
and frequency. The month of March recorded the lowest rainfall in terms of intensity
while April recorded the lowest rainfall in terms of frequency (see table below).
Page 17 of 56
Table 17. Comparative rainfall experienced by the municipality for the CY 1992 –
2001.
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Annual
1992 2.5 1.5 6.8 1 70.1 218 265 166 177 206 14.9 72.2 1202.8
1993 33.1 157 31.3 24.1 31.8 75.0 244 200 400 259 118 255 1831.4
1994 37.8 77.3 72.0 132 113 477 181 263 174 112 19.9 86.6 1749.9
1995 71.1 27.0 59.1 20.6 83.0 201 260 296 268 165 136 259 1849.8
1996 97.3 142 33.2 201 136 202 135 129 186 197 265 53.7 1780.8
1997 136 32.1 98.2 0.4 135 184 285 100 306 234 52.2 48.3 1614.8
1998 15.6 3.2 2.1 0.0 50.4 121 198 269 167 103 328 74.5 1325.3
1999 151.5 255 125 164.9 167.7 94.3 370.7 186.4 128.0 175.8 195.7 289.7 2305.2
2000 68.0 126.9 97.7 154.2 90.4 377.0 202.5 258.6 114.3 346.8 189.0 69.3 2094.7
2001 19.9 84.2 121 26.5 227 158 315 238 243 128 300 137 2000.6
Source: Philippine Atmosphere, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
250
200
Average rainfall data
150
100
50
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Figure 5. Graphical illustration on average annual rainfall (CY 1995 – 2001).

VII.3. Annual number of Rainy Days
Table 18. Variation on annual rainfall experienced by the municipality for the CY 1992 –
2001.
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual
t
1992 3 2 1 0 4 17 21 11 14 23 8 8 112
1993 8 13 8 6 6 13 21 17 20 15 15 15 157
1994 11 7 8 11 13 25 15 18 16 9 6 8 147
1995 8 7 4 6 14 16 22 21 19 17 12 17 163
1996 19 16 7 12 14 18 18 14 16 15 19 6 174
1997 11 9 6 3 7 16 22 6 16 18 15 7 136
1998 2 2 2 0 4 17 16 16 12 16 20 11 118
1999 16 11 15 16 22 18 20 17 10 16 17 18 196
2000 11 16 13 7 13 21 17 19 12 19 12 13 173
2001 9 6 14 5 18 17 19 14 16 13 20 12 163
Source: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
VII.4. Relative Humidity
Relative humidity is defined as the ratio between the actual amount of moisture in the
air and that, which would be needed to saturate the air at the same temperature. It is
expressed as a percentage. The municipality experienced the highest relative humidity
Page 18 of 56
on 1996 and the lowest in 1992. On a year round basis humidity is relatively high on
January and relatively low on April (see table below).
Table 18. Variation on annual relative humidity experienced by the municipality for the CY
1992 – 2001.
Yea Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Au Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual
r g t
1992 79 74 72 71 71 80 84 77 79 85 80 81 78
1993 79 85 80 77 75 77 82 82 84 82 83 85 81
1994 83 83 84 81 80 86 80 82 82 82 82 84 82
1995 84 83 81 79 79 83 87 89 88 88 86 90 85
1996 92 91 87 87 84 87 85 85 85 88 88 87 87
1997 89 89 86 79 81 84 87 80 84 83 81 82 84
1998 79 75 72 70 72 82 83 83 82 83 87 84 79
1999 87 85 85 85 84 89 80 82 80 83 85 88 84
2000 83 87 84 83 80 86 81 82 79 87 85 86 84
2001 84 82 83 79 83 82 79 79 82 82 86 86 82
VII.5. Monthly Temperature
The hottest months as can be gleaned on 1 10-year period are March and May. On the
other hand, it is cooler during December until February (see table below)
VII.6. Average Maximum Temperature (°C)

Table 19. Variation on annual temperature experienced by the municipality for the CY 1992
– 2001.
1992 30.9 31.8 32.9 33.5 34.2 32.4 31.5 32.0 32.9 31.0 30.9 30.4 32.0
1993 30.5 28.9 30.2 31.3 32.3 32.6 31.4 31.0 30.9 31.2 30.7 29.8 30.9
1994 29.5 29.3 29.9 30.6 31.7 30.6 31.5 31.2 30.8 31.0 30.6 30.0 30.6
1995 29.2 29.6 30.5 31.7 32.5 31.8 30.7 31.0 31.1 30.9 30.8 29.3 30.8
1996 27.8 28.3 30.6 31.2 32.0 31.1 31.5 32.0 32.4 31.6 30.6 30.2 30.8
1997 29.3 30.0 30.4 33.0 33.9 33.2 32.5 33.9 32.4 31.6 31.9 30.8 31.9
1998 31.0 32.8 33.4 35.8 33.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 31.9 30.9 30.8 30.9 32.6
1999 30.0 30.3 31.0 31.3 31.6 31.1 31.5 30.2 31.7 31.3 30.3 30.0 30.8
2000 29.8 29.8 30.6 31.8 32.8 31.2 31.9 31.5 32.6 31.0 30.6 30.1 31.1
2001 30.2 31.0 30.9 32.7 31.8 32.0 31.2 31.7 32.1 31.5 30.0 29.2 31.2
VII.7. Average Minimum Temperature (°C)

Table 19. Variation on average minimum temperature (°C) experienced by the municipality
for the CY 1992 – 2001.
1992 20.5 20.0 20.9 23.3 24.1 22.4 22.0 22.9 22.0 22.4 21.1 20.4 21.8
1993 20.7 21.1 20.7 22.1 23.3 23.2 22.7 22.5 22.1 22.0 22.3 22.4 22.1
1994 21.0 20.8 22.1 22.6 22.9 22.6 22.6 22.4 22.8 22.3 22.0 22.0 22.2
1995 21.7 21.7 22.1 22.3 23.6 23.4 22.2 21.5 22.0 22.3 22.3 22.0 22.3
Page 19 of 56
1996 21.7 21.4 21.6 22.3 22.9 22.3 22.3 21.9 22.4 22.4 21.9 21.2 22.0
1997 21.1 21.4 20.6 21.8 23.1 22.9 22.6 22.7 22.4 22.0 21.8 21.6 22.0
1998 21.2 21.2 21.6 23.2 25.0 23.9 23.0 22.7 22.8 22.9 22.4 22.1 22.7
1999 22.4 21.8 22.4 22.7 22.8 22.5 21.9 21.5 22.1 22.1 22.1 22.6 22.3
2000 21.3 22.1 22.0 22.3 23.0 22.1 22.4 22.2 22.2 22.4 22.2 22.2 22.2
2001 21.3 22.1 22.0 22.3 23.0 22.1 22.4 22.2 22.2 22.4 22.2 22.2 22.2
VII.8. Land Area and Land Characteristics
The total land area of the municipality is a subject disputed not only for the LGU’s
and between line agencies with activities that are focused on the land features. This
section upholds the figures of DENR and Bureau of Soils pertaining to the
municipality’s relevant information (see sections below; 7.9 – 7.14).
VII.9. Land Classification
The municipality has a total land area of 13,520 hectares, approximately 52% are
alienable and disposable. These areas stretch from Iligan Bay on the West, inward
towards the middle part of the municipality, up to Camanga and minor portions of Tu-
od and Balintad. The remaining portions going towards the eastern boundary of El
Salvador, Opol, Naawan and Iligan City are public lands. These cover Balintad,
Upper Malubog, Mahayahay and Digkilaan.
Table 20. Land classification within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Classification Area (Hectares) Percent (%)
1. FOREST LAND (6,081.83)
Protection 4,105.21 30.36
Production 1,976.62 14.62
II. Mineral Land 415.00 3.07

III. Alienable & Disposable (6,590.04)
* Agricultural Land
- Protection 789.16 5.84
- Production 5,800.88 42.91
* Built-up Area 140.98 1.04
* Industrial Area 49.00 0.36
* Special Uses 243.15 1.80
- Agro-industrial (0.72)
- Cemetery (1.25)
- Open Grassland (241.18)
TOTAL 13,520.00
VII.10. Mountain Slope
The municipality has a terrain that is dominantly undulating to rolly, rolling to hilly
and hilly to mountainous. Slope range of these terrain are 9 to 18%, 19% to 30% and
Page 20 of 56
above 30% respectively. Combined these terrains comprised 77% of the land area of
the province (see table 21).
Table 21. Mountain slope classification within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Oriental.
Classification Area (Hectares) Percent (%) Total
0-3 percent 1,625.00 12.02
4-8 percent 1,481.25 10.96
9-18 percent 1,443.75 1068
19-30 percent 5,562.50 41.14
Above 30 percent 3,407.50 25.20
Total 13,520.00 100.00
VII.11. Erosion Class
More than 37 percent of the municipality’s land area is classified as severe in terms of
the degree of erosion, while 34 percent is classified as having moderate erosion. No
apparent and slight degree of erosion comprised 14.7% and 13.78% respectively.
Table 22. Erosion class within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Description Area (Has) Percent (%) Total
No apparent Erosion 2,518.75 18.63
Slight Erosion 3,737.50 27.64
Moderate Erosion 4,005.43 29.63
Severe Erosion 3,258.32 24.10
Total 13,520.00 100.00
VII.12. Vegetation & Soil Type
The municipality has three types of soil being identified by the Bureau of Soils. It is
showed that majority of these soil types covers the alienable and disposable area.
Among the 3 types of soil, undifferentiated mountain soil covers 9,647.01 or 71.36%.
The remaining 8.17% or 1,104.94 hectares fall under the Faraon Clay (see table 22).
Table 23. Types of vegetation and soil type within the municipality of Manticao,
Misamis Oriental.
Soil Type AREA (Has.) Percent Total
Matina Clay 1,104.94 8.17
Faraon Clay 2,768.05 20.47
Undifferentiated Mountain Soil 9,647.01 71.36
Total 13,520.00 100.00
Source: Bureau of Soil and Water Management (BSWM) Region 10
VII.13. Land Suitability

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Due to its rugged terrain as characterized by vast hilly and mountainous areas, a large
portion of the municipality is suitable for plantation forest and Agro-Forestry. Within
the alluvial plains of Poblacion on the west going eastward towards Paniangan,
Cabalantian and Southward towards Patag and Pagawan are suitable for rice
production and growing of various cash crops.
Table 23. Types of land suitability within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Suitability Category Area (Has.) Percent Total
Suitable for rice 1,528.08 10.67
Suitable for annual cultivated crops 947.92 6.53
Suitable per perennial trees and vines 2,506.10 19.16
Suitable for Plantation Forest 7,692.90 57.19
Suitable for Protection Forest 845.00 6.45
Total 13,520.00 100.00
Source: Bureau of Soil and Water Management (BSWM) Region 10
VII.14. Geology and Land Formation
Survey conducted by Mines and Geosciences Bureau revealed that various kinds of
metallic and non-metallic minerals are found in the municipality. These are iron,
cobalt, chromium, copper, chromites, manganese, pyrites and gold. These minerals
are abundantly found in the Barangays of Upper Malubog, part of Mahayahay and
Digkilaan.
Dunite, manganese, red clays, chromites and quarts are also found in Tu-od, while
silica and pozzolon are found in Punta Silum and Paniangan.
Non-metallic minerals such as sand and gravel also abound in the area. Fine coarse
aggregates and rock grain can be found in Poblacion, Cabalantian, Tu-od and Punta
Silum.
Table 24. Geology and land formation within the municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Oriental.
Parent Alluvium Shale And Coralline Ultra Basic Undifferentiated
Material Mixed Sandstone Limestone (Uc) Volcanic (Uv)
Sediments) (N2) (N3ls)
1.Mineral Dominantly Quarts, iron and Calcite Talc, Clay Volcanic
Composition Quartz and clay (CaCO3) Chlorite Intrusion,
Clay materials Material Olivine Epidots
Biotite
2.Mode of Mechanical Mechanical Derived from Plutonic Volcanic
Formation (Fluvial Weathering Solution Intrusion Intrusion
Deposit) And erosion
3.Location
Land Area:
Argayoso ✓ ✓
Balintad ✓ ✓ ✓
Cabalantian ✓ ✓ ✓
Digkilaan ✓ ✓
Page 22 of 56
Mahayahay ✓ ✓
Pagawan ✓ ✓
Paniangan ✓ ✓
Tu-od ✓ ✓
Upper Malubog ✓ ✓
Punta Silum ✓ ✓
Source: DENR – Mines and Geosciences Bureau
VII.15. Drainage System
The municipality has a three major drainage, which divide the municipality from the
eastern direction where areas are steeper. From the northern part of the municipality
bounding the municipality of Alubijid is a river that branches into two minor creeks
and end in Barangay Tu-od. Manticao River, which passes at the center of the
municipality, lies parallel to one of these creeks resulting to minor tributaries that also
drain into Iligan Bay. The Mandulog River drains towards the southern boundary of
Manticao to Lanao del Norte.
VIII. AGRICULTURE
As pointed out in the Socio-Economic Profile 2002 of Manticao, the municipality was
able to identify its Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zone (SAFDZ) in
1999 in response to the government’s thrust on food security. Potential areas for High
Value Commercial Crops (HVSS) were identified and delineated in accordance to its
soil suitability, climatic condition and accessibility as basis in the formulation of plans
and programs for reinforcement and sustainability of project implementation.
Locations of support services, e.g. infrastructures were carefully studied for
prioritization to maximize their impact. A total of 2,686 hectares intended for crops
production fishery development, reforestation program as well as pasture development
are now covered in SAFDZ from the previous total of 2,429 hectares. This is due to
the Department of Agriculture’s promotion to open up new lands (idle/open lands and
under coconut plantation) for development into rice, corn and other high value
commercial crops. The stakeholders’ needs are identified in the aspect of enhancing
their skills and knowledge in the adoption of technologies to boost production.
Equally important is the development of the fishery sector as the municipality is
confronted with problem of scarce coastal and marine resources. In SAFDZ, program
on marine resources conservation and preservation is given prime importance such
that both the executive and legislative branch of this local government unit are giving
a serious thought in coming up with an ordinance declaring a portion of municipal
water, especially in Punta Silum as fish sanctuary.
The livestock and poultry industry likewise is on a roll. The multiplying effect
envisioned by the government’s animal dispersal program is evident in the number of
swine slaughtered at the municipal abattoir everyday; number of pigs
roasted/slaughtered in at least 10% of total households at puroks/sitios/barangays
durings fiestas, birthdays, weddings as well as mournings (deaths). Seemingly, there is
no shortage of supply considering that aside from the local buyers who resell these
Page 23 of 56
live pigs (everyday) to Iligan and Cagayn lechon operators, it is observed that some
buyers in motorcycles from Initao and El Salvador find their way in the far flung
barrios of Manticao to buy pigs on a regular basis.
As to the poultry industry, there is a need to augment the 600,200 heads production of
broiler per year in order to meet the domestic as well as export demand of poultry
meat considering that Philippines is bird flu free area while most of its Asian
neighbors are saddled with the disease. Local demands of industries utilizing poultry
meat that rely on importance are turning their attention to local producers to meet their
needs.
So, in addition to the existing farms enumerated in table 31 Sr. San Pedro has tapped
backyard poultry raisers and are now undergoing contract growing of broiler at the
different barangays with 200 heads per family cycle at 6 cycles per annum. A total of
25 families are already half way through the 1st cycle of date.
Table 25. Agriculture profile within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Location Commodity Actual Proposed Total

(Areas has.) (Area has.)
Argayoso Rice (irrigated) 17 40 57

Corn (White) 43 17 60
Mango 9 3 12
Coconut - 150 150
Patag Rice - 50 50
Corn 29 21 50
Mango 9 3 12
Coconut - 150 150
Poblacion Rice 32 61 93
Corn 14 26 40
Fishery 0.25 19.75 20
Cabalantian Rice (Rainfed) 8 47) 55
Corn 58 42 100
Mango 7.5 2.5 10
Pasture Dev’t. - 10 10
Coconut - 400 400
Paniangan Rice (rainfed) 3 17 20
Corn 29 1 30
Banana 20 60 80
Coconut - 80 80
Pagawan Rice (rainfed) 2 28 30
Corn 43 22 65
Pasture Dev’t - 10 10
Coconut - 100 300
Balintad Corn 36 19 55
Banana 20 25 45
Camanga Corn 36 19 55
Banana 20 25 45
Digkilaan Corn 36 19 55
Banana 20 25 45
Page 24 of 56
Mahayahay Corn 36 19 55
Cut Flower - 25 25
Punta Silum Fishery Dev’t - 20 20
Tu-od Rice - 50 50
Corn 29 16 45
Banana 25 30 55
Pasture Dev’t - 10 10
Reforestation - 20 20
Coconut - 150 150
Upper Malubog Corn 29 16 45
Cut Flower 2 25 27
Total 612.75 2,073.25 2,686
VIII.1. Crop Production
About 5,579.6 hectares or 42.6 percent of the total land area of the municipality are
already utilized for crop production. Being classified as an agricultural community,
this figure only represents 87.6 percent of the total agriculture land of 6,372 hectares
hence, there are still a lot of potential areas to be developed/and or utilized.
Like in most part of the province of Misamis Oriental, most farmers commonly
practiced inter-cropping, with coconut as the dominant crop. Bananas, vegetables,
legumes, fruits trees and root crops are grown under the coconut either in rotation or
mixed cropping.
Data showed that out of the 5,579.6 hectares of cropland, coconut occupies 71.56
percent, followed by banana with 21.32 percent, corn with 5.41 percent and the
remaining 1.71 percent is devoted to rice, vegetables, legumes, fruit trees and root
crops.
The municipal agricultural land gradually decreased due to land conversion either to
residential or industrial uses. Growing the staple crops like rice and corn require
enough capital due to increasing cost of inputs. This reality is considered an obstacle
in our quest for food security.
Government thrust to promote the growing of high value commercial crops (e.g.
hybrid rice and corn; exotic fruit trees like durian, mangosteen & rambutan) are
focused only on the aspects of productivity and profitability as a strategy to motivate
the farmers. Food security can only be achieved when farmers can be assured of their
profits, thus, encouraged to produce more when the general public has access and
capacity to buy their products. Therefore, the essence of food security is availability,
profitability and accessibility.
Table 26. Comparative crops production per Barangay within the Municipality of
RICE CORN
BARANGAY AREA PLANTED (Has.) AVERAGE PRODUCTION
(MT/Ha.)
Page 25 of 56
IRR RAINFED UPLAND IRR RAINFED UPLAND AREA AVE.
PLANTED YIELD
(MT/ha.)
Argayoso 17 - - 3.5 - - 30 1.1
Balintad - - 2 - - 1.5 25 1.1
Cabalantian - 7 - - 2.25 - 40 1.1
Camanga - - - - - - 25 1.1
Digkilaan - - - - - - 30 1.1
Mahayahay - - 10 - - 1.5 25 1.1
Pagawan 5 - - 3.5 - - 30 1.1
Paniangan - 2 - - 2.25 - 30 1.1
Patag - - - - - - 20 1.1
Poblacion 32 - - 3.5 - - 5 1.1
Punta Silum - - - - - - 2 1.1
Tu-od - - - - - - 20 1.1
Upper Malubog - - 20 - - 1.5 20 1.1
Total 54 9 32 - - - 302 -
Source: Municipal Agriculture Office, Manticao, Misamis Oriental
Table above indicates a total of 408.25 MT of rice produced in the municipality per
year. Since Manticao’s population is now 26597 as of 2006, its total rice requirement
is 1,196.865 MT/annum, hence only 34.11% of the total per capita consumption of the
90% rice eaters at 50 kgs per person is provided locally. The remaining 788.615 MT
or 65.89% are imported from other provinces.
To ensure self-sufficiency in rice, there is a need to expand the rice land, viz; IRR =
108 hectares; rainfed = 18 ha.; and upland = 64 hectares and to promote total
hybridization in the 108 hectares irrigated areas for a minimum production of 6
MT/ha. for a total of 1,432.5 MT per annum.
VIII.2. Cereals
Total land area planted to rice and corn comprised only 6.23 percent of the
agricultural land. The irrigated rice land is only 54 hectares situated in Poblacion and
Argayoso where two (2) Communal Irrigation System (CIS) operate. Planting and
harvesting are done twice a year; hence, the effective production area for irrigated rice
is 108 hectares. The use of Shallow Tube Wells (STW) is also encouraged to ensure
the availability of irrigation water in case when CIS fails to supply the needed volume
during dry season.
The average production of rice in the municipality is 3.5 MT/ha. It ranges from 3.0 to
4.5 MT/hectare depending on the management of the technology employed by the
farmers. Barangay Cabalantian has 7 hectares of rainfed rice. The area is planted once
a year during May-June during the onset of rainy season. Upland rice is commonly
grown in the hinter barangays of Mahayahay and Upper Malubog due to its favorable
climatic condition with a total of 30 hectares though the area is still under timberland
classification by the DENR. Corn is likewise widely grown in the municipality. There
are 302 hectares planted to this crop. Open Pollinated Variety (OPV) white corn is
Page 26 of 56
commonly used planting materials. The crop is planted twice a year with an average
production of 1.1 MT/ha.
VIII.3. Coconut
From the record of Municipal Assessor’s Office, the declared land area planted with
coconut showed a total 3,993 hectares or 30.49 percent of the municipal land area.
With an estimated average production of 1.5 MT/ha., and considering that coconut is
harvested every quarter, a total of 23,958 MT/year of copra is produced in the
municipality. However, it is observed that in the recent years, coconut production is
declining due to less productive coconut trees as most of these are above 50 years of
age and cutting down for lumber purposes.
With the prevailing crises on fossil oil supply coco-diesel/or coco-based fuel is being
considered as alternative. Coco-based feed supplement like Coconut Virgin Oil which
has curative effect is also becoming popular-demand for coconuts is deemed to
increase in the next few years hence, there is a need to replace unproductive trees and
develop new lands for coconut production.
Table 27. Comparative coconut production within the Municipality of Manticao,

Misamis Oriental.
Barangay Area Planted No. of Coco No. of Annual No. of
(Has) Trees Bearing Trees Production (MT) Farmers
1. Argayoso 374 35,800 35,800 2,244 41
2. Balintad 36 24,000 24,000 216 21
3. Cabalantian 1,059 90,300 90,300 6,354 145
4. Camanga 311 30,000 30,000 1,866 41
5. Digkilaan 40 20,000 20,000 240 24
6. Mahayahay 62 30,000 30,000 372 22
7. Pagawan 419 38,000 38,000 2,514 81
8. Paniangan 345 30,000 28,000 2,070 49
9. Patag 286 26,000 26,000 1,716 63
10. Poblacion 362 15,000 15,000 2,172 310
11. Punta Silum 240 15,000 15,000 1,440 144
12. Tu-od 424 34,520 34,520 2,544 129
13. Upper 35 10,000 10,000 210 16
Malubog
Total 3,993 398,620 398,620 23,958 1,086
Source: Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO)
VIII.4. Banana
Lantungdan and candavis are the most common varieties of banana planted in the
municipality. Lacatan is also gaining consideration due to its high market demand.
Bananas are mostly planted in strips in between coconut trees along the borders.
Estimated area devoted to banana is 235 hectares distributed all over the municipality.
The rest are under coconut trees.
Page 27 of 56
Table 28. Comparative banana production within the Municipality of Manticao,
Misamis Oriental.
Barangay Area No. of Variety
Planted Hills Saba Lakatan Latundan Others
(Has) Area Hills Area Hills Area Hills Area Hills
(no.) (no.) (no.) (no.)
Manticao 1,189.62 490,88 412 92,90 13.25 6,150 760 390,00 4.37 1,835
5 0 0
Argayoso 33 12,000 25 5,000 2 1,500 5 5,000 1 600
Balintad 205.77 101,23 5 1,000 0.25 100 200 100,00 0.52 130
0 0
Cabalantian 70.25 18,100 50 10,00 0.25 100 20 8,000 - -
0
Camanga 200 74,000 130 39,00 - - 70 35,000 - -
0
Digkilaan 117.25 54,325 15 3,750 2 500 100 50,000 0.25 75
Mahayahay 107.25 50,825 15 3,750 2 1,000 90 50,000 0.25 75
Pagawan 70 16,000 50 10,00 - - 20 6,000 - -
0
Paniangan 29 9,800 20 4,000 4 1,800 5 4,000 - -
Patag 50 15,000 30 6,000 - - 20 9,000 - -
Poblacion 7.5 5,500 2 400 0.5 100 5 5,000 - -
Punta Silum 76.5 14,395 50 6,000 0.25 50 25 8,000 1.25 345
Tu-od 21 12,500 10 2,000 1 500 10 10,000 - -
Upper 202.1 103,11 10 2,000 1 500 190 100,00 1.1 610
Malubog 0 0
VIII.5. Mango and Other Fruit Trees
Mango plantations through asexual method of propagation are found in barangays

Patag, Argayoso, Paniangan, Cabalantian, Tuod and Poblacion. The Bureau of
Agriculture Statistics Survey on 1995 stated that there are 5,451 mango trees in the
municipality. However, latest survey conducted by the Municipal Agriculture’s
Office with the Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS) as enumerators last March 2005
reveals that there are 9,599 mango trees now, a 43.21 % increase within 10 years.
Total aggregate area planted with mango is now 96 hectares. Dominant variety is the
carabao or Cebu because of its “exportable” quality/ or high market demand. Indian
and Piko varieties are grown just for the local market.
Other kinds of fruit trees are also grown in the municipality like jackfruit, santol,
pomelo rambutan, lanzones, mangosteen and durian.
VIII.6. Vegetables and Root-crops
A total of 45 hectares throughout the municipality are planted with assorted kinds of
vegetables like squash, eggplant, ampalaya, stringbeans, okra and sweet pepper.
Green bell pepper, carrots, cabbage, tomatoes, white potato and cauliflower are grown
and produce extensively at Upper Malubog due to the soil and climatic conditions
favorable to these high value commercial crops.
Page 28 of 56
Cassava and sweet potato, gabi, lutya, ube, etc. are the dominant root crops favored by
the farmers due to its resistance to extreme wet and dry season.
VIII.7. Livestock and Poultry
Livestock and Poultry industry has improved greatly in the municipality since CY
2002. . Table 30 shows that among the large animals, cattle have the highest number
followed closely by carabaos. Being an agricultural community, greater populations of
carabaos are found in barangays where farming activities are more intense. In this
case, Barangays of Cabalantian and Camanga have the greater number with 228 and
121 heads, respectively.
Cattle have a total number of 1,729 heads and are raised mainly for slaughtering or
beef production. The barangays Cabalantian and Tu-od have the highest population of
cattle with 417 heads and 267 heads, respectively. Barangay Camanga follows with
233 heads. On the other hand, backyard hog raising is so common in all barangays
with a total of 3,697 heads. It is in barangays Punta Silum and Paniangan where
commercial hog raising exists.
Backyard poultry raising is also common among the households for meat and eggs
purposes as well as for cockfighting. During the survey conducted by the Municipal
Agriculture office with the Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS) as enumerators, a total
of 16,904 native chicken were listed all over Manticao as of April 30, 2005.
Commercial Poultry farms are also increasing in number. These are found at
barangays Poblacion, Cabalantian and Patag. These are mainly contract growers of
either Vitarich, Purefoods, Magnolia/ and or Swift with a frequency of 6
cycles/harvest period per year.
Table 29. Livestock profile within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
BARANGAYS CARABAO CATTLE HOGS
No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of

Raisers Heads Raisers Heads Raisers Heads
Argayoso 66 108 84 164 146 306
Balintad 30 37 35 69 59 124
Cabalantian 155 228 214 417 355 799
Camanga 94 121 107 233 153 386
Digkilaan 25 66 33 55 49 93
Mahayahay 52 74 58 121 79 170
Pagawan 29 41 40 83 73 168
Paniangan 36 47 33 48 103 154
Patag 73 100 72 106 160 480
Poblacion 22 33 23 23 118 174
Punta Silum 10 14 29 46 92 170
Tu-od 73 89 119 267 240 548
Upper Malubog 46 63 46 97 62 125
Total 711 1,021 893 1,729 1,689 3,697
Page 29 of 56
Table 30. Livestock profile within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
BARANGAYS GOATS HORSE POULTRY
(Native Chicken)
No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of
Raisers Heads Raisers Heads Raisers Heads
Argayoso 50 118 5 22 201 2,627
Balintad 14 22 16 20 108 497
Cabalantian 100 352 28 111 604 4,162
Camanga 26 59 6 11 226 1,298
Digkilaan 5 16 24 33 91 499
Mahayahay 18 5 6 11 128 1,061
Pagawan 31 91 2 2 112 418
Paniangan 24 51 - - 122 590
Patag 50 198 4 12 245 1,088
Poblacion 15 21 3 16 181 330
Punta Silum 18 30 4 6 238 558
Tu-od 61 180 11 17 378 2,647
Upper Malubog 14 29 8 8 108 1,129
Total 426 1,172 117 269 2,742 16,904
Table 31. Name of farms/proprietors for broiler and layer with annual production
within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Name of Farm/ Production
Proprietor Type Location Production No. of Cycle’s Total
Cycle per year
1. Olive Poultry Broiler Poblacion 35,000 6 210,000
2. Eljevan Farm Broiler Cabalantian 10,000 6 60,000
3. Caballero Farm Broiler Patag 45,000 6 270,000
4. Michael Daing Layer Cabalantian 675 heads 526 eggs/ 191,990
day
5. Angelita Aliosada Layer Poblacion 100 heads 2 months old
(Not yet productive)
In addition to the commercial poultry farms on a total of 25 families are undergoing

its first cycle of 200 heads broiler each all over the municipality. They are contract
growers of Sr. San Pedro Chicken one (1) Quail farm at Punta Silum (1,500 heads)
provides adequate supply of eggs in the local market.
Table 32. Name of Proprietor for goatfarm within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Oriental.
Name of Proprietor Breeds Location No. of Heads
1. Jun Dy - Poblacion
Page 30 of 56
2. Jerry Catipay - Poblacion
3. Jocelyn Alantaol - Magpait, Cabalantian
4. Eleuterio Bagas Anglo nubian/ native Cabalantian 17-ANGLO; 2 Native
5. Tolentino Lapasaran Alpine/Native Cacao, Cabalantian 1-Alpine; 19 Native
VIII.8. Fisheries
The municipality has no major fishing grounds and as such, supply of fish products
depend from the fishing grounds of Bohol, Camiguin and Panguil Bay. Being a
coastal municipality, nevertheless, several schools of pelagic fishes like tamban and
galunggong frequently pass along the municipal waters of Manticao. However, some
unscrupulous fishermen capture these species through blast fishing.
VIII.9. Municipal Fishery
The municipal coastline has a total stretch of four kilometers that covers two
urbanized barangays of Poblacion and Punta Silum. As of CY 2006, Manticao has
587 fishing families among its 11,654 coastal population. Punta Silum has the most
number of these families relying on fishing for their daily source of income. A total
number of 230 motorized and non-motorized bancas exist in the municipality which
means that 61% of the total fishing families does not possess a banca.
In terms of fishermen classification, 70 percent are full-time and 30 percent are part-
time or sustenance fishermen.
Table 33. Total number of individual marginal fishers within the Municipality of
Bara- No. of Fishing Families Type of Banca Owned
ngay Full % Part % Total % Motorized % Non- % Total
time Time Motorized
Pobla- 122 53 108 47 230 39 52 85 9 15 61
cion
Punta 289 81 68 19 357 61 153 91 16 9 169
Silum
Total 411 70 176 30 587 100 205 89 25 11 230
VIII.10. Fresh Water Backyard/Frontyard Fishponds
Manticao has still very minimal freshwater fishponds. Barangays Argayoso, Balintad,
Cabalantian, Digkilaan, Poblacion, Tu-od and Upper Malubog have a total combined
area of only 9,200 sq. meters.
VIII.11. Brackish Water Fishponds
Barangay Poblacion of the municipality has an area suitable for brackish water
fishponds but covers only half a hectare area where giant tilapia is favorably grown.
VIII.12. Communal Irrigation

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The National Irrigation Administration (NIA) has 2 communal irrigation systems
situated in barangay Poblacion and Argayoso. Broad alluvial plain that stretches from
Poblacion to Patag and Pagawan is considered potential service area with a total of
350 hectares.
At present, the 2 CIS only covers 62 hectare of paddy rice in Poblacion and Argayoso
with 45 and 17 hectares, respectively. Irrigators association under the supervision on
NIA personnel manages the Communal Irrigation systems.
VIII.13. Agricultural Facilities
The Local Government Unit of Manticao operates 2 agricultural facilities in the

municipality. These are the municipal DA office and Farmers Training Center. The
training center was constructed in 2001 through the financial support of the Provincial
government of Misamis Oriental. It serves as venue for various training and seminars
among the farmers in the municipality.
VIII.14. Industry, Trade And Tourism
The municipality is one of the 14 municipalities of Misamis Oriental and 5

municipalities of Lanao del Norte considered as an industrial corridor that was
subjected to a Master Plan by an international consultancy firm commissioned by the
USAID. As an established industrial area within the corridor, mineral and agri-based
industries exist. The municipality has proved its capacity to promote both industrial
and agricultural development.
Not only rich in metallic and non-metallic minerals, agricultural resources also
abound. Limestone and Poultry industries are a potential venture as it shows a positive
trend in terms of production volume. Considering its strategic location between the 2
highly urbanized cities of Iligan and Cagayan de Oro, various contract growing
poultry farm operate in the municipality in order to supply the increasing demand of
chicken meat products.
With the promotion of the Cagayan-Iligan Corridor Special Development Zone,

Manticao shall serve as a minor site for medium and heavy industries. As a growth
center in the west of Misamis Oriental, it has the capacity to accommodate urban
expansion. Together with industrialization, it shall continue to develop its agricultural
sector in order to achieve its goal if a self-sufficient and food secured municipality.
VIII.15. Existing Industries
Metro Alloy and Integrated Chrome Corporation are mineral-based industries which
operate in an on and off basis as a consequence of economic crisis. Agri-based
industries like the Lanao Milling Corporation that produces Coco-oil, livestock
Piggery Farm both are situated in barangay Punta Silum. A total of 4 Commercial-
Page 32 of 56
Scale Poultry Farms also exist in Patag, Paniangan and Poblacion that produce more
than one hundred thousand heads of chicken per cycle.
VIII.16. Investment Priorities
There are eight (8) product lines that are considered potential investment areas in the
municipality. As the site of medium and heavy industries in the CIC Special
Development Zone, the municipality welcomes investment on metal related products.
Fruit processing venture is also envisioned since the municipality has abundant supply
of banana and mango. Mineral water processing is also being considered, as there are
various springs with unlimited supply of pure & refreshing mineral water. A world-
class industry, which produces an array of bamboo furniture and décor, is also
promoted.
Dressed chicken plan is very feasible as volume of chicken produced in the

municipality. Coconut oil as well as fine charcoal can be a profitable venture. Lastly,
cut flowers like roses, gladiolus, chrysanthemum and anthurium can successfully
grown in the Barangays of Upper Malubog, Mahayahay, Balintad and Digkilaan
Table 34. Types of industry within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Industry Sector Projects
1. Processed Food and a) Fruit Processing (Mango and Banana)
Beverages b) Coconut Processing (Coconut Oil, Fresh Boko Juice
and Vinegar)
2. Wood-Based a) Bamboo furniture and fixtures
b) Bamboo decors
3. Cut Flowers a) Production of Cut Flowers (roses, anthurium,
Chrysantimum and gladiolus)
4. Distilled/Mineral Water a) Mineral Water Processing and Bottling
5. Livestock & Poultry Dressed Chicken & meat processing
6. Coco-based - Coco shell processing (charcoal)
- Coco vinegar
Source: Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator (MPDC)
Table 35. Types of company within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Name of Company Address Products
I. Livestock and Poultry
1. Olive Poultry Poblacion Chicken
2. Eljevan Poultry Poblacion -do-
3. Caballero Poultry Farm Patag -do-
4. Sto. Niño Farm Punta Silum Hogs
II. Processed Foods & Beverages
1. Lanao Milling Corporation Punta Silum Coconut Oil
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III. Forest/Wood Coco/Bamboo-Based
1. Jangao’s Bamboo Furniture Poblacion Bamboo Furniture
2. Bantay Dagat Cooperative Punta Silum Bamboo Décor
IV. Steel & Mineral-Based
1. Metro Alloy Poblacion Ferro Alloys
2. Integrated Chrome Corp. Poblacion Ferro Chrome
V. Service Industries
1. MORESCO-1 (Sub-Station) Poblacion Power Utility
2. MARWASA -do- Water Utility
Source: Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator (MPDC)
VIII.17. Product Profile
There are three major products of the municipality except for forest related products
as a result of the municipality’s thrust for forest conservation and marine fisheries of
which the municipality has limited resources, the product profile represents the range
of all economic activities of the municipality.
Table 36. Production profile within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Major Mineral Products Major Industrial Products Major Agricultural
Products
1. Quartz 1. Coconut Oil 1. Coconut
2. Chromite 2. Ferro-Silicon 2. Bananas
3. Limestone 3. Ferro Manganese 3. Corn
4. Dunite 4. Mango
5. Gold 5. Poultry
6. Silica 6. Palay
7. Iron 7. Vegetables
8. Copper 8. Livestock
9. Pyrites
10. Chromium
11. Manganese
Source: Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
Page 34 of 56
IX. COASTAL AND MARINE HABITAT ASSESSMENT
IX.1. Coral Reef Ecosystem
Coral reef ecosystem is considered as the “oasis of the ocean” coral reef is among the
most important coastal and marine habitat that has a rigid structure of calcium
carbonate (CaCO3) formed by the cemented skeletal remains from the grown and
development of reef-building corals. It serves as breeding, spawning and feeding
ground for numerous marine organism that include reef fish’s sea cucumber, mollusks
and algae which are commercially and ecologically important fauna. It is estimated
that 1km stretch of healthy coral reef can produced up to 20 tons of fish per year.
Both natural and human activities contributed to destruction or deterioration of coral

reef system. Accordingly, damaged and destroyed reef takes 10 to 20 years to recover.
The condition of reef habitat system was assessed using three methods such as manta-
tow/snorkel survey and photo –Live transect method.
Hard Coral (LHC) Coral reef associated fishes were
12%
assessed using fish visual census (FVC).
Macroalgae (MA)
Sand, Pavement, Rubble (SPR)
8%
34%
Other Live (OL)
Method used in the conduct of coastal habitat 3%and resources assessment was based on
the Technical Bulletin No. 2017 – 05 (Guidelines on the Assessment of Coastal and
Dead coral
Marine Ecosystems). Coral assessment
Diseased corals (DC) with algae
was conducted by the joint team PENRO
Misamis Oriental and1%CENROs 43% Initao and Gingoog City. The activity was conducted
(DCA)
in 2 coastal Barangays of the municipality namely; Poblacion and Punta Silum.
Figure 7. Relative Coral cover/status within the Municipality of Manticao, Misamis
Page 35 of 56
Oriental.
Table 37. Showing the mean status of coral reef ecosystem within the Municipality
of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Category Mean cover
Live Hard Coral (LHC) 7.877432265
Gorgonians (G) 0.134138167
Macroalgae (MA) 7.843747149
Other Live (OL) 2.119758483
Dead coral with algae (DCA) 54.503593
Diseased corals (DC) 0.263147498
Sand, Pavement, Rubble (SPR) 27.25818324
Total: 100
A total of 7.9% (poor) coral cover were found within the coastal areas of the
municipality. It is found that sedimentation is one of the contributing factors
influencing the condition of the ecosystem. According to the studies of Hodgson, 1990
and Weber et al., 2006, coral reefs are strongly influenced by sedimentation/siltation
tissue damage under a layer of sediment increases with increasing organic content and
bacterial activity, and with decreasing grain sizes. Sedimentation in combined with
“marine snow” (continuous settling of organic aggregates), killed newly settled coral
recruits (Fabricius et al., 2003). Kline et al. (2006) have shown that increased
dissolved organic matter (DOM) can cause elevated bacterial activity, leading directly
to coral death.
Thus, the effect of sediments on corals and coral reefs may involve the effect of
nutrients and bacteria carried by the sediment plume, as much as the sediments
themselves. Although, both shading and particle loading are coral stressors, it would
appear that, at least in some cases, shading suppresses coral growth to a greater extent
than particle loading (Anthony, 1999).
As summary sediment input is one of the great killers of reef ecosystem. The effect is
accentuated, because in most situations the sediment is accompanied by dissolved
nutrients and organic matter that will affect coral recruit and habitat complexity.
IX.2. Seagrass Ecosystem
A total of four (4) seagrass species were indentified during the conducted detailed
seagrass assessment at the two (2) coastal Barangays of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
The assessment shows that Brgy. Poblacion gathered the highest cover of 28.3% with
Brgy. Punta Silum with 14.8% (see table 1; figure 1).
Table 38. Showing the comparative seagrass cover within the municipality of Manticao,
Misamis Oriental.
Species Poblacion Punta Silum
Page 36 of 56
Halodule pinifolia 2.972222222 1.555555556
Halophila ovalis 21.83333333 11
Syringodium isoetifolium 2.222222222 1.361111111
Thalassia hemprichii 1.25 0.861111111
Substrate 71.72222 85.22222
Total 100 100
Table 39. Showing the relative canopy height (inches) within the municipality of
Species Poblacion Punta Silum
Halodule pinifolia 3.4 3.5
Halophila ovalis - -
Syringodium isoetifolium 4 3.8
Thalassia hemprichii 3 3.1
The conducted survey shows that the coastal area of the municipality has a poor
seagrass cover with a silty to sandy-muddy substrate. Factors affecting the status of
seagrass beds are: the high level of siltation, presence of garbages and sediment
instability.
Absence of mangrove ecosystem was observed as one of the contributing factor
affecting the ecological status of the ecosystem. Accordingly, mangrove ecosystem act
as filtering system in filtering pollutants and stabilizes sediments.
In addition, seagrass beds provide food, shelter and as a vital nursery areas in many
forms of aquatic organism. Some species can be found within the seagrass areas while
other marine organisms remain in seagrass beds just during a certain life stages.
However, it was observed that the substrate in all sampling sites is sandy-muddy
which difficult for the seagrass to strive due to the unstable substrate. Subsequently,
seagrasses trap fine sediments and the suspended particles in the water column, which
increases the water transparency. Seagrass conservation and management should be
implemented by the local communities and LGU to increase the level of seagrass
cover in their coastal waters. Also, the habitat works in filtering water nutrients
(including pollutants) from land-based discharge and water runoff before it is washed
out to other complex ecosystem such as coral reef.
Page 37 of 56
5 YEAR ICM Implementation Plan (C.Y. 2020-2025)
Issues Propose/strategies Indicator Target Time Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
table 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Storm Conduct Meeting conducted ✓
Surge/Tsunami vulnerability
assessment Assessment report
Installation of No. of Signage’s

Tsunami/Storm- installed
Surge Color Coded ✓
Warning System
Signage
Determination of
storm surge
evacuation site ✓
Clearing of Enforcement of Meetings conducted ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Mangroves law/ rules and
regulations
-IEC/CEPA Billboards and
signages installed
Creation of Bantay No. of hired ✓

Baybay. personnel
Formulation of Coordination of
Local Ordinance BLGU and MLGU
for Mangrove ✓
pass an ordinance
No proper Strict Meetings/

waste implementation of Consultation
disposal/ local ordinance of conducted
Page 38 of 56
SWM
Backyard
Pens -IEC/CEPA
-Billboards /Sinage Billboard/s

installed
-Establishment of MRF
MRF per Brgy. implemented
Issues Propose/Strategies Indicator Target Time Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Table 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Coastal -Creation of make an
garbage Management organizational
Monitoring team structure
-Coastal clean up no. of

collected
garbage /
resolution on
regular coastal
cleanup.
monthly
coastal clean
up
search for
cleanest
shoreline
Coral Designation of MPA SB resolution ✓

Reef & Protected area for designation
Fomenting/demarcatio installed
n of bouys and markers and
markers bouys
Page 39 of 56
Designation and resolution for
restoration of site the designation
(corals) at Brgy.
Poblacion.
Issues Propose/Strategies Indicator Target Time Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Table 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Poor -Formulation of MPA/ ✓
Coral Restoration plan
within
MPA -Ordinance Formulate
ordinance
-Strengthening of Training/
Bantay dagat, seminars
BFARMC/ Mon. of
coastal areas from
violators
-Strict implementation
of ordinance
Siltation -Rehabilitation of No. of ✓
in Mangrove mangrove
Seagrass planted
Ecosyste
m -Rehab River system replant or
planting
of trees
-Upland/forest planting
rehab/watershed areas of trees in
main
watershed
area
installed
Page 40 of 56
bantay
gubat
ISSUES PROPOSE/STRATEGIES INDI TAR time YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5
CATOR GET table 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Illegal/destructi Strict implementation of rules ✓
ve Fishing and regulation
-IEC Meetings/
Consultation
Billboards/
Signages
installed
-Strengthening of DFW/ trainings/

MFARMC/BFARMC/MAO/ seminars
MENRO for monitoring and conducted
surveillance
Illegal Implement local ordinance Formulate of ✓
gathering of another
sand and appropriate
pebbles (at ordinance
Brgy. Punta)
-Strict implementation of rules conduct
and regulation monitoring
and
surveillance
-Designate area for quarry determine

(river) the area
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CATOR GET table 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Low habitat -Mangrove, Seagrass and
cover and Coral
diversity Monitoring.
-IEC (Regulatory, Signage).
-Conduct coastal zoning,

mapping and profiling.
Existence of Strict implementation of the Decreasing/ zero ✓
concrete/perman water code of the number of coastal
ent structures Philippines (PD 1067, DAO settlement
within the 2004-24 and PD 705). (increasing number
easement zone. of coastal
resettlement)
Number of issued
permit
Acquire foreshore permit
from the DENR. Report with
attached pictures
IEC/CEPA on PD 1067, 705
and DAO 2004-24 Report with
attached pictures.
Conduct foreshore
monitoring Decreasing
household
Resettlement of the coastal structures within
communities. the easement zone.
Page 42 of 56
CATOR GET table 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Coastal settlers to be included
in the risk disaster program
LOW INCOME Establishment of alternative ✓

livelihood programs
a. Building of Fish cages SEC, MOA,

number fish
cages
installed.
b. Seaweeds production SEC, MOA,

Ha. seaweed
area.
c. Issuance of business hiring of

permits within beach employment
operators. Establishment
of fish corals.
Page 43 of 56
STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
- Strong leadership; - Unaware of coastal zone - Potential for Livelihood - High and strong waves;
activities; programs (BDFE);
- Wide mudflat areas; - Absent of MPA watchers and
- Low ecosystem diversity; - Potential for Mangrove watch towers;
- Potential for beach resorts; rehabilitation;
- Vulnerable for storm - Illegal fishing within the
- Established MPA; and surge/tsunamis; - Established Marine Protected MPA using compressors;
Area (MPA);
- Active Bantay-Dagat (DFW); - Uninformed coastal settlers - High siltation in coral reef
on ecological importance of - Potential for tourist destination; ecosystem; and
corals and other ecosystem;
- Delineation of Marine - Garbage within ecosystem.
- Absence of mangrove Sanctuary (conservation) and
ecosystem; and Marine Reserve (recreational
purposes);
- Limited surveillance
equipment (fishing within - Ensure conservation of
MPA). established MPAs;
Page 44 of 56
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR THE C.Y. 2020-2025
Vision
“A multi-skilled community; with strong leadership, working pro-actively for environmental
conservation, protection towards sustainable coastal and marine resources utilization for greater
economic productivity.”
Mission
“To develop a comprehensive municipal coastal resource-based management plan integral to the
regulation of coastal resource utilization, promotion of ecotourism and livelihood, value
formation, public health and sanitation, solid waste management, in place built-up areas and
climate change adaptation.”
Objectives
 To enforce segregation of solid waste at the household level;
 To create Municipal Tourism Council;
 To strengthen and train new fisherfolks as Deputized Fish Warden;
 Develop areas for marine sanctuary, mangrove and beach forest type species rehabilitation
and reforestation;
 Conduct IEC on the biodiversity conservation;
 Formulation and enactment of resolutions and ordinances related to coastal management and
protection;
 To develop areas for marine related livelihood programs; and
 Institutionalization of ICM plans and program.
Page 45 of 56
Problem tree
Poverty (Uyamot)
Low income to
marginalized
High price of fishery fisherfolks
product EFFECTS
Low fish catch
Continuous degradation of Coastal and Marine PROBLEMS

Resources
Soil run-
Unregulated destructive Conversion of tidal
off CAUSE
fishing flats and mangrove to
establishment
Dumping of
garbage - Technical capability;
Collection of - Funds;
ecologically important - Person responsible;
Extinction of Inadequate support
species - No ICM Plan; and
endemic species from the LGU’s
- No political arm/power
to implement coastal
Contamination related ordinances.
from household
Page 46 of 56
Based on the establish data and information, this Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICM)
will provide direction to the Local Government Unit of Manticao, Misamis Oriental in the
conservation and protection of existing coastal and marine habitat resources. This plan will be
continuously implemented to attain the goal for sustainability.
MANAGEMENT ACTION CATEGORIES
Habitat Management Strategies
Illegal Mangrove Cutting/Clearing
Illegal cutting of mangrove is one of the many factors affecting the density and diversity
mangrove species within the municipality. As an intervention, Community Education and
Public Awareness (CEPA) and Information Education Campaign (IEC) will be conducted
to inform locals on the ecological importance of mangroves. Laws, rules and regulations
pertaining to mangrove protection will be strictly impose/implement to ensure the
conservation of this unique ecosystem (RA 7161, JMC 98-01 and RA 9147).
Further, Bantay dagat will be created to strengthen the surveillance and monitoring of
existing mangroves. Local ordinance pertaining on mangrove conservation will be also
formulated as the legal basis in imposing fines/penalties for violators.
Coral Reef Degradation
Local fisherfolks depend on the collected reef fishes as the primary source of income and
living of the coastal communities. However, status of coral reef has declined/deteriorate
over time due to climate change, illegal fishing methods/practices and overexploitation of
ecologically important coral species with symbiotic relationship.
Strategy pertaining on the matter is the establishment and the designation of marine
protected area’s (MPA) or fish sanctuaries. Zoning and mapping in coordination with
DENR/PENRO/CENRO will be initiated to determine the extent of available habitat and
resources. Demarcation of buoys and markers will be established to delineate the MPA
and sanctuary.
The remaining areas with coral reef will be declared as locally managed MPA to protect
and conserve further the ecosystem and established artificial reef to provide opportunity
for new coral recruits to settle.
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Further, local ordinance and management plan will be impose/formulate to ensure the
proper management of locally managed MPA’s/Sanctuaries.
Seagrass Bed Degradation
Seagrass beds are considered as one of the unique habitat/ecosystems inhabiting the
intertidal zone of the municipality. Accordingly, this photosynthetic ecosystem acts as
habitat for ecologically and economically important species such as bivalves and other
associated fauna. The ecosystem also acts as nursery ground for juvenile fishes.
However, seagrass cover had declined due to climate change, introduction of pollutants,
siltation and other factors.
Strategy intervention will be the rehabilitation/plantation of the proposed mangrove sites
on both coastal and near river mouth areas. Prior to the planting activity, assessment and
evaluation on sediment composition will be conducted in coordination with the
concerned agencies to determine type of substrate and to identify suitable mangrove
species to be planted within proposed areas.
Mangrove ecosystem will minimize the load of siltation or total suspended solid (TSS)
within the water column that will increase seagrass cover.
Illegal and Destructive Fishing
Illegal and destructive fishing method is the primary cause of the deterioration on the
fishery sector of the municipality for the past years that have resulted to low coral cover.
Accordingly, the used of these methods damages existing marine habitat/ecosystem that
had cause the depletion of fishery resources where most of the community depends.
Strict implementation of R.A. 8550 as amended by R.A. 10654 (Fisheries Code of 1998)
and other related laws, rules and regulations will be imposed to addressed the issue.
Further, creation of Bantay Dagat and the strengthening of the deputized fish warden
(DFW), Municipal/Barangay Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council
(M/BFARMC) and Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Officer (MENRO)
will be initiated to enforced in the surveillance and monitoring.
CEPA and IEC the within the local communities and students will be conducted to
informed locals on the existing laws, rules and regulation pertaining to fishery resources
conservation. Additionally, topics relating on the importance of marine ecosystem will
also be included in the discussion to inform locals on ecological and biological aspect.
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Facilitate proper management of the coastal environmental ecosystems (coral reef, seagrass,
mangrove and other ecosystem) within the 11 coastal barangays. Conservation and Protection
effort shall be established and strictly enforce.
Other Management action
Restoration or rehabilitation of degraded coastal and marine habitat resources such as

coral reef, seagrass beds and mangrove forest. Also, the LGU in coordination with local
residents will support the natural restoration of reef thru the prohibition of the collection
of ecologically important species such as parrotfish (mol-mol), surgeonfish (kitong) and
others. Plantation of mangrove within estuaries and upstream rivers will also undertake to
minimize silt load within seagrass and coral areas. Municipal and national laws, rules and
regulations will be enforced against unsustainable coastal practices, such as dynamite
fishing, using fine-mesh nets and other active fishing methods (Ordinance no. 763-2016
and R.A. 8550 as amended by R.A. 10654).
Shore Line and Coastal Management
Illegal Quarry (Gathering of Sand and Pebbles)
Beaches are geologic formation made up of loose rock elements such as sand, gravel and
fragments of shells and corals. However, based on the conducted coastal zoning these
resources had depleted due to establishments (households, groins and others) and over-
exploitation for construction purposes.
As an intervention strict implementation of laws, rules and regulations pertaining to the

issue and concern observed will be imposed (R.A. 7942 and R.A. 9147). CEPA and IEC
within locals will be initiated in coordination with concern agencies to inform citizens on
the importance of beach conservation. Further, local ordinance will be imposed to
strengthen the protection and conservation.
Existence of Concrete/Permanent Structures within Easement Zone
Accordingly, local citizens have the legal right to use easement or salvage zone for a
specific or limited time pursuant to P.D. 1067. However, based on the evaluation
concrete and permanent structures where established within the no build zone such as
commercial and private owned houses, groins and others.
Actions will be the conduct of zoning in order to determine structures established within
the easement zone. Notification on the affected house owners and beach operators will be
given. Public hearing will be initiated to informed owners and operators on the existing
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laws, rules and regulations (R.A. 8550 as amended by R.A. 10654, P.D. 1067, P.D. 705
and DAO 2004-24).
CEPA and IEC the within the local communities will be conducted to informed locals on
the existing laws, rules and regulation pertaining on the matter. Additionally, topics
relating on the importance of beach sediments to mesofauna and infauna will also be
included in the discussion to inform locals on ecological and biological aspect.
Coastal and Shoreline management shall also be established to stop the impact of
shoreline modification such building of groins, piers, wharfs, sea walls, collection of sand
and pebbles.
Other Management action
The MLGU thru BLGU’s to strictly enforce and implement the laws, rules, regulations, and,
municipal ordinances (DAO 2004-24, P.D. 1067, R.A. 8550, C.A. 141, and Batas Pambansa
265).
Fishery Production Management
It is found that over fishing reduces the size of fish catch of marginal fishers and also
lowers fish catch with increasing catch per unit effort (CPUe) for the past years. The
increasing number of the community residing coastal areas is one of the factors
influencing the status of the coastal fishery products. However, based on the conducted
recent study shows the increasing number of fish products collected by the marginal
fishers. To continue the inclining status of fish resources within the municipality laws,
rules, and regulations will be adopted and implemented. Marine protected areas (MPAs)
and sanctuaries will be designated at least 15% of the total coastal area to ensure the
conservation and protection these resources. Reactivation of MPA watchers or Bantay
Dagat will be primary action of the LGU to strengthen the surveillance of MPAs.
Violators will be penalized in accordance with the existing laws, rules and regulations
(R.A. 8550 as amended by R.A. 10654 and Municipal Ordinance No. 763 – 2016).
Waste and Health Management
No Proper Waste Disposal/Backyard Pens
Proper waste disposal is one factor affecting environmental cleanliness of the

municipality. However, one of the strategies proposed is the strict implementation of
R.A. 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000). CEPA and IEC on local
communities and students pertaining on the importance of proper waste segregation and
disposal will be initiated to informed locals on the effect of irresponsible waste disposal.
To strengthen the dissemination of campaign relating to the importance of proper waste
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segregation and disposal, billboards and signages will be installed to effectively
disseminate information.
Material Recovering Facilities (MRF’s) will be established in all Barangays to
minimized/avoid plastic dispersal. For marine debris found within the shoreline, regular
monthly coastal cleanup will be conducted to collect/gathered non-biodegradable trash.
Further, Solid Waste Management Monitoring team will be created to strengthen the
enforcement of existing laws, rules and regulation pertaining on solid waste management.
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VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
Vulnerability is defined as the degree to which a system is susceptible to or unable to

cope or survive with the adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability
and extremes.” It is a function of (1) the degree of the system’s Exposure to climate
hazards; (2) its Sensitivity to such hazards; and (3) its Adaptive Capacity. Sensitivity and
Exposure may be taken together to yield Potential Impact.
The primary goal of climate change vulnerability assessment is to inform the
development of policies that reduce the risks associated with climate change”. Methods
to assess climate change vulnerability have been proposed as early as 1991, but have
since evolved to incorporate advances and new understanding in climate and
vulnerability science. For instance, more recent approaches integrate socio-economic and
ecological factors; account for uncertainty and non-climatic variables; involve users in
the actual assessment;
Vulnerability assessment with the Coastal VA Tools entails analysis of (1) the physical
environment conditions driving changes in the biophysical system (Exposure); (2) the
present condition of the system as it would respond to Exposure factors (Sensitivity); (3)
and the processes affording the system its ability to cope with climate changes (Adaptive
Capacity). Integration of these three components yields a measurement of Vulnerability.
The tools focus largely on the biophysical aspect of coastal ecosystems. However, in
evaluating natural processes underlying ecosystem services, they are able to ultimately
link to the prospects of human communities.
NATURAL HAZARDS
1. Flood
2. Landslide
3. Storm surge
Flooding is experienced in most areas in the municipality particularly within the flood
prone area comprising 10 barangays, namely: Poblacion, Patag, Pagawan, Paniangan,
Cabalantian, Argayoso, Balintad Tuod, Camanga and Punta Silum. However, Barangay
Poblacion is the most affected area because of the bulk of water coming from the other
barangays. For landslide prone areas are barangays from Upper Malubog, Mahayahay,
Balintad, Camanga, Tuod, Paniangan, Cabalantian and Digkilaan. Storm surge are
experienced in barangays Poblacion and Punta silum.
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Figure 8. Hazard/vulnerability map of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.
Coastal Integrity Vulnerability Assessment Tool (CIVAT)

Accordingly, the Coastal Integrity Vulnerability Assessment Tool (CIVAT) has been
designed to promote ecosystems-based management of the coast. Here, we define the
coast as the zone delineated by sea cliffs, marine terraces or sand dunes on its landward
limit that extends seaward to the shore-face, or a depth at which there is little transport of
sediments by wave action. Based on this definition, this zone encompasses natural
habitats such as mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs. It has been documented elsewhere
that coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves are significant sources of beach sediments and
effective wave attenuators. Thus, their ecosystem service to the coastal environment is
included in this vulnerability assessment tool. Furthermore, this tool also considers
processes such as waves and sea level changes, and both intrinsic (e.g., geomorphology,
slope, shoreline trends) and extrinsic (e.g., beach mining and coastal structures)
characteristics that define the overall state of the coast. External variables are limited to
human activities that induce the loss of beach sediments.
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Exposure variables such as waves and sea level changes are considered as the main
agents of erosion. There is no effort to separate the impact of waves from sea level
changes; higher sea levels would allow greater landward penetration of the waves, and
thus exacerbate land loss along the coast. Rates of sea level change are computed from
satellite-derived sea level anomaly due to their more extensive coverage compared to tide
gauges. It is assumed that the values acquired offshore are applicable to the adjacent
coast. The effects of other contributors such as vertical land movement due to tectonics
or subsidence due to groundwater extraction cannot be included due to scarcity to
absence of information.
Result
Table 40. Summary of the conducted Coastal Integrity Vulnerability Assessment Tool (CIVAT) within Manticao,
Misamis Oriental.
Municipality Exposure Sensitivity Potential Impact Adaptive Vulnerability
(Exposure x Capacity (Potential Impact x
Sensitivity) Adaptive capacity)
Manticao, Misamis Oriental H H H L H
Generally, the conducted analysis shows that the municipality has a “high” vulnerability
level (CIVAT). The level of vulnerability signifies the high adaptive capacity of marine
resources and geological forms that reduces the impact of natural hazards such as
typhoons, storm surge, landslide and earthquakes.
NATURAL HAZARDS: RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT
Typhoon/heavy rain
Accordingly, typhoons are types of storm system having a circular pattern of strong
winds which approximately having a total of 100 kilometres in diameter. The Philippine
archipelago is prone to experience the natural phenomenon due to the geographical
location. Thus, generally produce heavy rains that will eventually result to flooding of
large area; also typhoon creates strong winds which may result in life threatening to
heavy casualties for buildings, crops and human lives.
PAGASA’s Storm Warning System
Signal no. 1 Wind of 30 to 60 kilometer per hour
(kph) in the next 24 hours
Signal no. 2 Winds of 61 to 120 kph in the next 24
hours.
hours.
hours.
Signal no. 5 Winds of more than 220 kph in the next
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12 hours.
PAGASA Color-Coded Rainfall Advisories.

YELLOW Heavy rain (2 gallons per square Response:
rainfall advisory meter/hour). Monitor the weather
Flooding is possible in low-lying areas condition
and near river channels.
ORANGE Intense rain (2 gallons per square Response:
rainfall advisory meter/hour). Be alert for possible
Flooding is threatening in low-lying evacuation
areas and near river channels
RED Torrential rain (8 gallons per square Response:
rainfall advisory meter/hour) Evacuation
Severe flooding is expected
PAGASA storm/typhoon warning system and color-coded rainfall advisories will be

adopted by the municipality as the primary strategies to prevent and minimize casualties
due to this phenomenon.
Storm Surge
Storm surge or daluyong is a rise in sea level that occurs during tropical cyclones, storms
(typhoons) in which, strong winds from storms creates high wave amplitude and
frequency which lead to flooding.
Storm Surge Expected Wave Height Action to be Taken
Warning Level (meters)
Take action Above 3m Storm surge is catastrophic (enforcement
of mandatory evacuation)
Alarm 1.1m to 3m Storm surge is expected (cancellation of
marine activities and follow evacuation
guidelines from local authorities)
Alert 0.5m to 1m Storm surge is possible (preparation
measures must be carried out)
No alert 0m No action required
PAGASA Color Coded Warning System strategy will be used as guide to prevent risk of
coastal settlers from storm surge. In which the green warning means that surge of less
than a half-meter is expected. It is likely to cause minor or no damage to communities,
coastal/marine infrastructure and disruptions to all marine-related activities. A yellow
warning means surge is possible that may range from 0.5 to 1 meter in height amplitude
Page 55 of 56
in which it may cause moderate to significant damage to communities, coastal/marine
infrastructure and disruptions to all marine-related activities.
Orange warning implies surge from one to three meters is expected in which it can cause
severe damage to communities, coastal/marine infrastructure and disruptions to all
marine-related activities. Significant erosion on beaches and river flooding is also
predictable during this stage. The red warning signifies the above three meters or
catastrophic surge. This stage could be life threatening, extensive flooding and extreme
damage to communities. Thus, immediate evacuation will be enforced by the authorities
to prevent further damage.
Earthquake
Accordingly, earthquakes are caused when underground rocks (tectonic plates) break
along a fault. The sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the
ground shake. This happens when two blocks of rock or two plates smoothly collide were
rock breaks due to pressure built up. The ring of fire is the major area in the basin in the
Pacific region where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.
The Philippines is one of the countries bordering the pacific ring of fire which also often
experiences high magnitude earthquakes in the past years. According to the Philippine
Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), the country experiences an
average of 2000 earthquakes per year that ranges from moderate to severe damaged
particularly on low lying communities such as the coastal areas.
To address the threats, trainings and seminars regarding in coordination with the
PHIVOLCS will be conducted by the LGU on the coastal local settlers. In which, the
activity will focus on the basic actions to be done during the phenomenon such as dock,
cover and hold. Educational campaigns will also be conducted in coordination with the
concern agencies will be conducted to promote and increase the level of awareness of the
communities within the municipality particularly at the low lying areas (coastal areas).
Draft prepared by:
MICHAEL VAN P. PANERIO

Coastal Extension Office
Page 56 of 56

Manticao ICM Plan

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I.

In CY 2019, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

The Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) of Misamis

IV.1. Scope and Purpose of the Plan

Integrated Coastal Resource Management refers to a wise and responsible use of

IV.2. History Planning Process

V.1. Political Subdivision

V.2. Brief Political History

V.3. Name of the Municipality

V.4. Early Settlers

Figure 1. Municipal map of Manticao, Misamis Oriental.

Manticao is one of the 24 municipalities of Misamis Oriental. It falls between

V.6. Other Vital Information

V.7. Climate Statistics

Figure 2. Municipal annual rainfall/precipitation from CY 2001 – 2012.

V.8. Temperature graph

Figure 3. Municipal annual temperature data/profile from CY 2001 – 2012.

Based on the data (figure 2) the municipality of Manticao experienced an average of

V.9. Mountain Slope

V.11. Vegetation & Soil Type

Table 5. Comparative land area/percentage within the Municipality of Manticao,

VI. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

Figure 4. Graphical illustration on the population growth in Manticao, Misamis

VI.3. Household Profile

Table 8. Household profile (per Barangay) within the Municipality of Manticao,

VI.4. Population Projection by Barangay

VI.6. Population distribution

VI.8. Household population

Accordingly, household is a social unit consisting of a person living alone or a group

VI.10. Marital Status

Marital status is classified into single, married, widowed, divorced/separated, others

VII. CLIMATE PROFILE

The rainfall pattern of the municipality in 10 year historical as shown in Table 15

Figure 5. Graphical illustration on average annual rainfall (CY 1995 – 2001).

VII.4. Relative Humidity

VII.5. Monthly Temperature

VII.6. Average Maximum Temperature (°C)

VII.7. Average Minimum Temperature (°C)

VII.8. Land Area and Land Characteristics

VII.9. Land Classification

II. Mineral Land 415.00 3.07

VII.10. Mountain Slope

VII.11. Erosion Class

VII.12. Vegetation & Soil Type

VII.13. Land Suitability

VII.14. Geology and Land Formation

VII.15. Drainage System

Location Commodity Actual Proposed Total

Argayoso Rice (irrigated) 17 40 57

VIII.1. Crop Production

Table 27. Comparative coconut production within the Municipality of Manticao,

VIII.5. Mango and Other Fruit Trees

Mango plantations through asexual method of propagation are found in barangays

VIII.6. Vegetables and Root-crops

VIII.7. Livestock and Poultry

No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of

In addition to the commercial poultry farms on a total of 25 families are undergoing

VIII.9. Municipal Fishery

VIII.10. Fresh Water Backyard/Frontyard Fishponds

VIII.11. Brackish Water Fishponds

VIII.12. Communal Irrigation

VIII.13. Agricultural Facilities

The Local Government Unit of Manticao operates 2 agricultural facilities in the