SYNCHRONOUS E-LEARNING TUTORIAL TASK & CONTINUES ASSESSMENT

SUBJECT CODE: BBPP1103

SUBJECT NAME: PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

SME: NORHAYATI BT SHUIB

TASK NUMBER: 1

SEQ TEST 1 / SET 1

Explain the basic control process.
1.
Terangkan proses asas kawalan.

Jawapan:
 Establishment of standards
 Actual performance
 Measurement of actual performance
 Comparison between actual performance with standard
 Making corrective action

(5 points with explanation x 1 mark = 5 marks)

Explain TWO (2) weaknesses of team.

2.
Terangkan DUA (2) kelemahan pasukan.

Jawapan:
Answer:
High turnover rate

Social loafing

The behaviour of self-restriction

Markers may use discretion in awarding marks.

(Any 2 points with explanation x 2.5 marks = 5 marks)
 What do you know about organisational change?
3.
Apakah yang anda tahu tentang perubahan organisasi?

Jawapan:
Organisational change is the need for an organisation to change from one condition to
another to take the opportunity or avoid a threat caused by environmental changes in order
to retain the survival of the organisation.
Making modifications in the functions and practices of an organisation is known as
organisational change. Change results employee well-being and overall organisational
effectiveness.
Markers may use discretion in awarding marks.
(Any 5 points x 1 mark = 5 marks)

4. Explain the meaning of control.

Terangkan maksud kawalan.

Jawapan:
According to Rue et al. (2000), control is the process of ensuring that organisational
activities are running according to plan.
This process can be carried out by comparing the true performance with the standard that
has been established and taking corrective actions in order to rectify any distortion that does
not comply with the standard.
The main purpose of control in management is to prepare managers to face future or
existing problems before they turn critical.

( 2.5 marks x any 2 relevant points = 5 marks)

5. Describe the steps involved in the control process.

Jelaskan langkah-langkah yang terlibat di dalam proses kawalan.

Jawapan:

(1 mark each x 5 points with description = 5 marks)

6. What is pre-control or feed-forward control?
Apakah prakawalan atau kawalan awalan?

Jawapan:
This type of control is also known as preventive control.
It involves the use of information, including information from the latest results and also to
forecast what will happen in the future.
It is implemented to prevent the occurence of deviation between what had really happened
with what is expected to happen.

( 2.5 marks x any 2 relevant points = 5 marks)

How Explain how does a team’s size influence its performance?

7.
Terangkan bagaimanakah saiz sesebuah pasukan mempengaruhi prestasinya?

Jawapan:

There appears to be a curvilinear relationship between team size and performance. In other
words, very small or very large teams may not perform as well as moderately sized teams.
For most teams, the right size is somewhere between six and nine members.
Teams of this size are small enough for the team members get to know each other, and for
each member to have an opportunity to contribute in a meaningful way to the success of the
team.
However, they're also large enough to take advantage of team members' diverse skills,
knowledge, and perspectives. By contrast, when teams get too large, team members find it
difficult to get to know one another and may splinter into smaller subgroups, suffering from
problems of social loafing, self-limiting behavior, minority domination, or other logistical
problems.
Teams that are too small, with just a few people, may lack the diversity of skills and
knowledge found in larger teams. Also, they are unlikely to gain the advantages of team
decision making (i.e., multiple perspectives, generating more ideas and alternative solutions,
and stronger commitment) found in larger teams.

(1 mark each x 5 points with explanation = 5 marks)

8. State FIVE(5) forms of control.

Nyatakan LIMA (5) bentuk kawalan.

Jawapan:
Bureaucratic
Objective
Normative
Concertive
 Self control

(1 mark x 5 points = 5 marks)

9. Explain why human resource is one of the factor that need to be controlled in an
organisation.
Terangkan mengapa sumber manusia merupakan satu daripada faktor yang perlu dikawal di
dalam sesebuah organisasi.

Jawapan:
If an organisation is unable to control its human resources properly such as losing expert
workforce hence it will jeopardise the performance and achievement of the company.
Organisations need to have planning that is able to motivate the employees.
For example, organisations need to be concerned regarding the problems faced by the
employees by creating harmonious discussions between the management and the
employees union.

Markers may use discretion in awarding marks.

( 2.5 mark x any relevant 2 points with examples = 5 marks)

10. Differentiate between normative control and concertive control.

Bezakan antara kawalan normatif dan kawalan bersepadu.

Jawapan:
Normative control is a method that arranges the behaviour of employees and results
through norms and beliefs shared together among all the members within the organisation.
There are two main substances in this type of control which are, sensitivity towards selection
of employees based on their attitude and norms, and obtaining inspiration based on
experience and observation of employees.

Concertive control This is a method that uses the norms and behaviour discussed, formed
and agreed by the work group. This form of control plays a role in an autonomous work
group. An autonomous work group is a work group that operates without the presence of a
manager and is fully responsible for the control of process, task group, output and
behaviour. Autonomous work groups gradually grow through two stages of concertive
control. First, members work and learn from each other, supervising the work of each
member and develop norms and beliefs that guide and control them. Secondly, the
appearance and acceptance of objectives as guide and control of behaviour.

( 2.5 mark x any relevant 2 points with examples = 5 marks)

11. Explain TWO(2) differences between groups and teams.

Terangkan DUA (2) perbezaan antara kumpulan dan pasukan.
 Jawapan:
A group is defined as two or more individuals who interact and are independent of each
other towards achieving a certain objective.
A work group is generally a group that shares information and makes decisions in order to
assist the members to perform their jobs well in the relevant field.
A team is an interdependent and complementary entity in all aspects among the members,
with a partnership commitment towards achieving the same goals. Moreover, teamwork
generates positive synergy through co-ordination efforts.
Thus, a team is an entity that exceeds a group. Performance is not based on individual
contribution but instead it depends on the performance of the team.

(2.5 mark x any relevant 2 points with examples = 5 marks)

12. List TWO (2) advantages and THREE (3) disadvantages of teams.
Senaraikan DUA (2) kebaikan dan TIGA (3) keburukan pasukan.

Jawapan:
Advantages:
Enhance customers’ satisfaction
Increase the quality of products and services.
Increase the levels of job satisfaction
Disadvantages:
High turnover rate

Social loafing

The behaviour of self-restriction

( 1 mark x any 2 points for advantage + 1 mark x 3 points for disadvantage = 5 marks)

13. Explain when a team is needed.

Terangkan bila sesuatu pasukan diperlukan.

Jawapan:
Firstly, a team can be used when the objective or meaning of usage is clear.
Secondly, a team is needed for tasks that cannot be carried out individually but through the
merging of these individuals.

Thirdly, a team can be used when rewards can be provided for team work or team
performance.

Fourthly, a team can be used when there are many resources readily available.

Finally, a team is needed when it has a clear authority in managing and modifying the
 working method.

( 1 mark x 5 points = 5 marks)

14. Differentiate between self-managed team and self-designed team.

Bezakan antara pasukan diuruskan sendiri dan pasukan reka bentuk sendiri.

Jawapan:
A self-managed team is a team that manages and controls the overall main tasks in the
production of products and services. This team can do anything related to production without
having to refer to or wait for instructions from management. This includes matters in
managing and controlling the allocation of materials, product making, providing services,
ensuring the accuracy of delivery and others.

This is a team that possesses the characteristics of a self-managed team but also controls
the design of the team, work activities and team memberships.This type of team is involved
in operational matters related to the team which exceeds the self-managed team. This team
has the power to determine the work schedule, leave, how and when a task should be
performed, besides determining the membership in the team by conducting interviews and
other activities.

( 1 mark each x 5 relevant points = 5 marks)

15. What does team unity refer to? Give one example.
Apakah yang dirujuk oleh perpaduan pasukan? Berikan satu contoh.

Jawapan:
Team unity refers to how far team members are attracted to becoming members of the team
and motivated to stay permanently in the team. Team unity is able to sustain and reduce the
turnover rate of team membership. When teams possess high unity levels, each member is
more motivated to contribute to the team and expect guarantees from other team members.
This will accelerate the achievement of high performance.

(2 marks x 2 points with explanation + 1mark for relevant example = 5 marks)

16. Describe the phases of team development.

Jelaskan peringkat-peringkat pembangunan pasukan.

Jawapan:
4 phases:
Forming
Storming
 Norming
Performing

(1 mark for each point with description x 4 + 1 marks on anyone declining phase = 5
marks)

17. Identify FIVE (5) issues that influence the performance levels of teamwork?
Kenal pasti LIMA (5) isu yang mempengaruhi tahap prestasi pasukan kerja?

Jawapan:

( 1 mark each for any 5 points = 5 marks)

18. Explain TWO (2) factors that encourage creativity in the workplace. Give one example
for each factor.
Terangkan DUA (2) faktor yang menggalakkan kreativiti di tempat kerja. Berikan satu
contoh bagi setiap faktor.

Jawapan:
 ( 1.5 marks on any 2 points with explanation + 1 mark x 1 example each x 2 =5 marks)

19. State FIVE (5) forces that demand an organisation to change.

Nyatakan LIMA (5) faktor yang menuntut organisasi untuk berubah.

Jawapan:
Workforce conditions
Technology
Economy
Competition
Social trend chart
Politics

(1 mark each for any 5 points = 5 marks)

20. Explain TWO (2) types of change.

Terangkan DUA (2) jenis perubahan.

Jawapan:
(a) Change of first order- a linear change, slow in nature and implemented in stages. This
change is made without any apparent change in the basic structure of the organisation. It is
also conducted that way if there is no strong pressure from the environment. Besides that, if
the particular organisation has a strong culture, changes must be implemented slowly and in
stages.

(b) Change of second order- a change that is radical in nature, multidimensional and
multilevel. This type of change needs high levels of leadership in order to realise the
changes. It takes place when there is intense pressure from the environment that disrupts
the survival of the organisation. This demands the organisation to make drastic changes.

(2.5 marks x 2 points with explanation = 5 marks)