UNIORIENTE

T. L. EN INSTRUMENTACION Y Modulo: Electrónica

AUTOMATIZACION INDUSTRIAL

INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

Industrial Electronics is a power electronics based on devices capable of handling high voltages and high
currents.

Industrial electronics rely on control devices formed by microcontrollers and automations, with
automation being a system that follows a previously established sequence. This sequence can be wired
or programmed in a programmable controller or in a microcontroller.

In a power device we will always have two parts. One of control and another of power itself. The power
can fall on contactors or semiconductors. Power semiconductors are power diodes, thyristors and triacs,
bjt power transistors, mosfet and igbt. These semiconductors are capable of handling high currents and
some of them also high voltages.

The control part determines the operation of the sequence of operations. It is a sequential system
where previously the instructions to be performed have been stored and that include the different
moments of passage to conduction of the power semiconductors.

This sequence of operations must be activated by push-buttons, switches and sensors. The output acts
on the load. The simplest form of the actuation mechanisms is the one that uses relays and contactors.

The contactor is an electrical device formed by two parts. On the one hand, there is a coil that creates
a magnetic field when the electric current passes. On the other hand, there are some electrical contacts
that open or close depending on that magnetic field. The coil is connected to the output of the control
circuit. The electrical contacts are connected to the power circuit. If the contactor is of low power it is
usually known as a relay.

The contacts can be normally open or normally closed. The contacts can be force or they can also be
auxiliary to assist in wired programming, for example, in an interlock.

The coil is a set of turns designed to form a specific magnetic field capable of acting on the associated
electrical contacts.

Power electronics use automations based on programmable automatons. In the Automation based on
the programmed automatisms the sequences of the operations are defined by means of the
programming. The programming can be on a programmable PLC or PLC or also on a microcontroller.

In Industrial Electronics, sensors capable of detecting physical or chemical quantities, called

instrumentation variables, and transforming them into electrical variables are needed.

The instrumentation variables can be, for example: temperature, light intensity, distance, acceleration,
inclination, displacement, pressure, force, torque, humidity, movement, pH, etc.

An electrical quantity can be an electrical resistance, an electrical capacity (as in a humidity sensor), an
electrical voltage (as in a thermocouple), an electrical current (as in a phototransistor), etc.

We can find sensors such as limit switches, humidity, temperature, vibration and any other device that
converts any physical quantity into an electrical variation such as inductive or capacitive sensors.

Answer based on the text:

1. What is industrial or power electronics?

2. What is the power electronics based on?
3. With what can the operation sequences of a programmable automatism be programmed?
4. Instrumentation variable are captured and transformed into electrical variable by:
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5. What are the parts that make up a contactor?
6. Mention at least four semiconductor devices.

Ing. Giovany caro Moreno