Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TI/SPC/OHE/ FASTENERS/0120
September 2012
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
MANAK NAGAR, LUCKNOW-226011
1. SCOPE
2. GOVERNING SPECIFICATIONS
4. SERVICE CONDITIONS
4.3 The fasteners are also subjected to chemical pollution from the
effluent gases of Chemical Plants, exhaust of Steam/Diesel
locomotives and to saline atmosphere in coastal areas.
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5. MATERIAL
6. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
6.1 Workmanship
The Bolts and Nuts shall be clearly finished, sound & free from
defects which may effect their serviceability, and shall be consistent
with the grade prescribed. The fasteners shall have full surfaces and
edges in keeping with the method of manufacturing used. These shall
be free from burrs, although barely perceptible thin burrs which
results for example, from slotting and trimming operations, may be
left out.
The Black Grade Bolts may have reasonable die – seem on the
shank; but in no case the shank diameter with such seams shall
exceed the maximum permissible diameter. The Stainless Steel
Bolts, Nuts, Locknut, Plain Washer, Spring Washer shall be supplied
in natural finish.
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The Washers shall be free from cracks, burrs, pits and other
defects. The holes of Plain Washers shall be reasonably concentric
with the outer periphery. All sharp edges shall be removed.
The surfaces of Washers shall be free from die marks and shall
be finished smooth. The ends shall be so severed as to prevent
tangling.
6.2 Bolts end Nuts shall be classified by their nominal diameter. The
dimensions of hexagons, chamfers, shank diameter and other
dimensions for different nominal sizes of Bolts and Nuts, whether
ferrous or stainless steel shall be in accordance with Table 1.
6.3 Unless otherwise shown in the Purchaser’s drawings, the Nuts shall
have single chamfer, and Lock Nuts shall have double chamfer.
6.4 Bolts shall be drilled for Split Pins wherever shown in the Purchaser’s
drawings. Split Pin holes shall be at right angles to the axis of Bolts.
The dimensions for Split pin holes for a particular size of Split pin
shall be according to IS: 549 – 1974.
6.4.1 The tolerance in the location of split pin holes shall be according to
IS: 9549 – 1980.
7. DIMENSIONS
7.1 The dimensions for hexagon Bolts, Screw and Nuts shall be in
accordance with Table 1 read in conjunction with the relevant
Purchaser’s Drawings and IS:9519 – 2005 “Specification for modified
dimensions of width across flats for hexagonal Bolts/ Screws and
Nuts normal series”.
7.2 The dimensions for special head Bolts and Screws, U–Bolts, J-Bolts
shall be as shown in the purchasers drawings.
7.6 The dimensional tolerances for Galvanised Steel and Stainless Steel
Bolts, Screws and Nuts shall be as per Table 1.
9.1 The threads shall be ISO metric. The internal and external thread
profile shall be in accordance with IS : 4213 (Part I) – 1976.
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Sl.No. Size M10 M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 Remarks
Dimen
sion
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
1. NOM 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
d MAX 11.24 13.44 15.44 17.44 19.44 21.64 23.64 25.64
(10.90) (13.10) (15.10) (17.10) (19.10) (21.30) (23.30) (25.30)
MIN 9.79 11.72 13.72 15.72 17.72 19.63 21.63 23.63
(9.64) (11.57) (13.57) (15.57) (17.57) (19.48) (21.48) (23.48)
2. NOM 16 18 21 24 27 30 34 36
s MAX 16.34 18.34 21.34 24.34 27.34 30.34 34.34 36.34
(16.00) (18.00) (21.00) (24.00) (27.00) (30.00) (34.00) (36.00)
MIN 15.72 17.72 20.31 23.31 26.31 29.31 33.15 35.15
(15.57) (17.57) (20.16) (23.16) (26.16) (29.16) (33.00) (35.00)
3. c MIN 17.76 20.02 22.95 26.34 29.73 33.12 37.46 39.72
(17.59) (19.85) (22.78) (26.17) (29.56) (32.95) (37.29) (39.55)
4. NOM 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15
k MAX 7.79 8.79 9.79 10.79 12.89 13.89 14.89 15.89
(7.45) (8.45) (9.45) (10.45) (12.55) (13.55) (14.55) (15.55)
MIN 6.70 7.70 8.70 9.70 11.60 12.60 13.60 14.60
(6.55) (7.55) (8.55) (9.55) (11.45) (12.45) (13.45) (14.45)
5. da MAX 12.54 15.54 17.54 19.54 21.54 24.74 26.74 28.74
(12.2) (15.2) (17.2) (19.2) (21.2) (24.4) (26.4) (28.4)
6. a MAX 5.0 6.0 7.5 7.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 11.0
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Sl.No. Size M10 M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 Remarks
Dimen
sion
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
7 b b1 MIN 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54
b2 MIN 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
b3 MIN - 49 53 57 61 65 69 73
8 NOM 8 10 11 13 15 16 18 19
m MAX 8.79 10.79 11.89 13.89 15.89 16.89 18.89 19.99
(8.45) (10.45) (11.55) (13.55) (15.55) (16.55) (18.55) (19.65)
MIN 7.70 9.70 10.60 12.60 14.60 15.60 17.60 18.50
(7.55) (9.55) (10.45) (12.45) (14.45) (16.45) (17.45) (18.35)
9 NOM 5 7 8 8 9 9 10 10
f MAX 5.62 7.69 8.69 8.69 9.69 9.69 10.69 10.69
(5.38) (7.45) (8.45) (8.45) (9.45) (9.45) (10.45) (10.45)
MIN 4.77 6.70 7.70 7.70 8.70 8.70 9.70 9.70
(4.62) (6.55) (7.55) (7.55) (8.55) (8.55) (9.55) (9.55)
10 r MIN 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7
(0.4) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8)
11 l ≤ 150 1±0.90 1±0.90 1±0.90 1±0.90 1±0.90 1±1.05 1±1.05 1±1.05
>150 1±1.80 1±1.80 1±1.80 1±1.80 1±1.80 1±2.10 1±2.10 1±2.10
12 Pitch P 1.5 1.75 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 3
13 Pitch Bolt MAX 8.994 10.829 12.663 14.663 16.334 18.334 20.334 22.003
Dia MIN
Meter
8.782 10.593 12.413 14.413 16.069 18.069 20.069 21.668
Nut MAX 9.250 11.113 12.966 14.966 16.656 18.656 20.656 22.386
MIN 9.026 10.863 12.701 14.701 16.376 18.376 20.376 22.051
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September 2012
Sl.No. Size M10 M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 Remarks
Dimen
sion
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
14 MAJOR Bolt MAX 9.968 11.966 13.962 15.962 17.958 19.958 21.958 23.952
Dia MIN
Meter
9.593 11.541 13.512 15.512 17.428 19.428 21.428 23.352
Nut MAX - - - - - - - -
MIN 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00
15 Minor Bolt MAX 8.128 9.819 11.508 13.508 14.891 16.891 18.891 20.271
Dia MIN
Meter
7.808 9.457 11.114 13.114 14.446 16.446 18.446 19.740
Nut MAX 8.751 10.531 12.310 14.310 15.854 17.854 19.854 21.382
MIN 8.376 10.106 11.835 13.835 15.294 17.294 19.294 20.752
Note :-
1. Use b1 for l ≤ 130, b2 for 130 < l ≥ 200 and b3 for l > 200.
2. Modified dimensions for width across flats (Normal series) for M10, 12, 14 and 22mm as per
IS:9519-1980 shall also be acceptable.
3. The tolerances on the last four dimension i.e. Sl.No. 12 to 15 are applicable in black condition for
ferrous nuts and bolts and these for Sl. No. 1 to 11 are applicable after galvanising.
4. Figures in brackets wherever shown indicate the dimensions for SS fasteners.
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9.2 The diameter and pitch and combination shall be according to IS:
4213(Part II)- 1976. The pitch shall be coarse.
9.3 The basic dimensions for profiles of ISO metric screw threads
shall be as per IS: 4213 (Part III) – 1976.
9.4 The tolerance class for ISO metric screws threads shall be coarse
as given in table 5 of IS:4213(Part IV)-1976.
9.5 The deviations from basic dimensions for nut and bolt threads of
the tolerance class specified in clause 9.4 shall be as tabulated in
table – 1. The tolerance class shall be 7H for nuts and 8g for bolt
threads. The limits of sizes for tolerance class 7H for nut threads
and 8g for bolt threads are given in table-1. These limits are
applicable to ferrous fasteners in black condition and to stainless
steel fasteners in finished condition.
9.6 The thread run outs and undercuts shall be as per IS: 1369-1995.
10.1 Dimensions
375 54 300 43
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10.1.5 Adhesion of Coating - The coating shall withstand the knife test
as covered in IS: 2629-1985.
11. TESTS
11.1 The manufacturers shall carry out the specified tests, during
production on the samples, taken at regular intervals, separately
for the different sizes, grade & material, which are being
manufactured under similar processes of productions to ensure
conformity to relevant specifications as also to maintain proper
control over the process of manufacture. The manufacturer shall
at the time of inspection, produce a certificate showing the
records of various inspections/tests which have been exercised
during manufacture.
11.2 When the purchaser requires additional tests, related to his order
but not specified hereunder, such tests shall be subject of
agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
11.3 All the tests on the fasteners shall be carried out at manufacturers
works. The manufacturer shall arrange, without making claim or
charge, all the necessary machinery, apparatus, labour,
assistance etc. required to get the prescribed tests conducted in
the presence of purchaser’s representative.
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TABLE 2
SCALE OF SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY FOR INSPECTION
( Clause 11.6.1, 11.6.2, 11.6.3 )
11.6.2.2 Samples shall be drawn from each lot in accordance with Cols. 1,
2,3 of table 2 for visual and dimensional verifications and for
inspection of physical and other properties.
11.6.3.1.1 Visual characteristics ( other then duds) :If in the first sample
the number of defective fasteners with respect to all visual
characteristics, except duds, is less than or equal to the
corresponding acceptance number (Ac) given in Col.5 of table 2
the lot shall be declared as conforming to the requirements for
these characteristics. If the number of defectives is greater then
or equal to the corresponding rejection number (Re) given in
Col.6 of table 2 the lot shall be deemed as not meeting the
requirements for these characteristics. If the number of
defectives is greater than the acceptance number but less than
the rejection number a second sample of the same x number of
fasteners selected as the first sample shall be taken to
determine the conformity or otherwise of the lot. The number of
defectives found in the first and second sample shall be
combined and if the combined number of defectives is less than
or equal to the corresponding acceptance number the lot shall be
declared as conforming to the requirements; otherwise not.
11.6.3.3.1 From the samples taken in accordance with 11.6.2.2 end which
have been subjected to the visual and dimensional tests,
samples in multiples of 5 or 6, as the case may be shall be
drawn at random for mechanical, chemical and galvanising tests
in case of bolts and nuts. In case of spring washers, samples in
multiples of 4 shall be selected for twist test and permanent set
test.
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11.6.3.3.4 Should more than one sample fail in any test(s), the lot shall be
rejected. If only one sample fails in any test, twice the number of
samples shall be drawn and the test, twice the number of samples
shall be repeated. The lot shall be accepted if there is no failure in
the re-test.
Property Class C Mn P S
%Max. %Min. %Max. %Min.
12.5.1.1 G.S. Bolts: The tensile test shall be carried out on all sizes of bolts
in finished condition where a. free threaded length equal to one
diameter of bolt shall also be subjected to tensile load. The fracture
shall occur in the shank or thread of bolt and not at the junction of
the head and the shank. The calculation of the tensile strength is
based on the stress area. The tensile strength shall not be less than
400 N/mm2.
12.5.1.2 Stainless Steel Bolts and Studs: The Tensile Test shall be carried
out on all sizes of Bolts and Studs in finished condition where a free
threaded length equal to one diameter of bolt shall also be
subjected to tensile load. The fracture shall occur in the shank or
thread of bolt and not at the junction of the head and the shank.
The calculation of the tensile strength is based on the stress area.
The tensile strength shall not be less than 500 N/mm2.
12.5.1.3 Test Rig: For the purpose of tensile test the rig shall be designed
accordingly. The speed of testing shall not exceed 25 mm/min. The
grips of testing machine should be self aligning to avoid side
thrust on the specimen".
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12.5.2.1 G.S. bolts: The elongation test shall be carried out on full size
bolts in finished condition where it is possible to mark the gauge
length equal to 5.65 √So on the shank. Where it is not possible to
mark the gauge length on the shank, machined test pieces shall be
used for the purpose of determination of percentage elongation after
fracture as per clause 8.1 IS:1367 (Part 3):2002. The load shall be
applied in the manner as in 12.5.1.3. The elongation after fracture
in both the cases shall not be less than 22%. The applicability of the
elongation test on the full size bolts in finished condition and on
machined test pieces (refer Drg. No. ETI/C/0073 Mod. A) Shall be
as under:-
12.5.2.2 Stainless Steel Bolts and Studs: The extension after fracture of
stainless steel bolts and studs shall be measured during the tensile
test (see sub- clause 12.5.1.2). The extension shall not be less than
0.6 d (where d is nominal diameter of bolt).
12.6.1 Hardness test for galvanised steel fasteners shall be carried out after
removal of zinc coating. On steel bolts, the test shall be carried out
in accordance with Clause 8.4 of IS:1367(Part 3)-2002 and on steel
nuts in accordance with 8.2 of IS:1367(Part.6)-1994. On stainless
steel bolts and nuts this test shall be carried out in accordance with
IS:1586-2000 or latest version. The values of hardness shall be
within the ranges given in Table 3 below.
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Table 3
[Ref : IS:1367 (Part-V)-1994 or Latest]
Property Nominal size Hardness
Fastener class Minimum Maximum
Steel Bolts 4.6 All 120 HV 220 HV
Steel Nuts 04 All 188 HV 302 HV
4 Over M16 to 117 HV 302 HV
M39
5 M10 – M 16 130 HV 302 HV
Over M16 to 146 HV 302 HV
M39
Stainless steel - All - 95 HRB
Bolts & Nuts
TABLE 5 – PROOF LOAD VALUES FOR NUTS – ISO METRIC COARSE TIREADS
12.8 Stress at 0.2% Permanent Strain Test (For Stainless Steel Bolt only)
12.9.1 This test is not applicable to U Bolts, J Bolts and Flat Countersunk Nib
Bolts.
12.9.2 This test shall be carried out as illustrated in figure 2 (enclosed) and
in Fig. 4 of IS:1367(Part-3) - 2002.
12.9.3 The Bolt shall be inserted in a special Steel Die of the dimensions
given in Table II of IS:1367(Part-3)-2002. The hole in the die shall
be at an angle of 600 to its upper surface.
12.9.4 When struck several blows with a hammer the head of Bolt or Screw
should be bent to an angle (90-60)0 without showing any sign of
cracking at the fillet between Shank and head.
12.9.5 Where Screws are threaded upto the head the test will be regarded
as established even if a crack should appear in the first thread,
provided that head does not snap off.
12.10.1 The Nut under test shall be placed edgewise on an anvil and
crushed by hammering till its threads come in contact with a mandrel,
the diameter of which shall be 0.9 D1 where D1 is the minor diameter
of Nut described in figure 1 of IS:4213(Part.I):1976. After crushing,
the Nut shall not exhibit any fracture or crack at any point. The Nut
may then be broken for further chemical analysis and inspection of
structure.
12.11.2 The threaded part of the bolt shall be so held in the jaws of a vice
that the threaded part projects for a distance equal to at least half the
nominal diameter. The projecting part shall then be bent by
hammering so that the axis of free portion is at an angle of 165
degree to the axis of the portion held in the vice. On examination, the
bend shall not exhibit any crack (see figure-3).
12.12 Torsion test on Bolts and Nuts (For Stainless Steel Bolts & Nuts only)
12.12.1 A torsion test shall be conducted on Stainless Steel Bolts and Nuts.
The test shall be conducted as described in 12.12.2 in case of straight
Bolts and as described in 12.12.3 in case of U Bolts. The ultimate
torsional strength shall be not less than that specified in Table 6.
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TABLE – 6
12.12.2 The head of the Bolt shall be gripped in a Vice and a Steel Plate
slipped over the thread, the diameter of the hole drilled in this steel
plate being 11 mm in case of 10mm diameter Bolts, 14 mm in case of
12 mm diameter Bolts and 16 mm in the case of 14 mm diameter
Bolts. A Flat Steel Washer is then placed between the Steel Plate and
the Nut (but none between Plate and head of Bolt). The total
thickness of the Steel Plate and the Washer shall be so chosen that
the position of Nut on the threaded portion of Bolt is the same as
when the Bolt is in actual use. The test shall be carried out without
lubrication of the parts in contact with each other. The torque shall be
applied by means of Torque Spanner, the design of which is subject to
the approval of the purchaser. The torque shall be increased in steps
until the Bolt fractures. After each increment of torque, the Nut shall
be unscrewed and the threads on both Bolt and Nut examined.
12.12.4 The test shall result in fracture of the Bolt, but not of the Nut. The
values of torque at fracture shall be not less then that indicated in
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12.14.1 The Bend Test pieces shall not be larger than 12.5 mm (1/2 inch)
diameter. The test piece shall be sensitized by heating to a
temperature of 6500C for the period stated in the relevant material
specification, followed by cooling in air. All test pieces shall be
immersed for 72 hours in boiling solution having the following
composition:
12.17.1 A portion of the Washer shall be gripped in Vice jaws and then
equal portion shall be gripped in wrench jaws as shown in Fig. 1 of
IS:3063-1994. Edges of the Wrench jaws shall be sharp and parallel
to Vice jaws. The Wrench shall than be rotated in a direction that
increases the free height of the Spring Washer till the Washer is
twisted through on angle of 900. The Washer shall show no sign of
fracture.
13.1 The Bolts shall be delivered assembled with their Nuts and Lock Nuts
and Washers (wherever required). The Nuts and Lock Nuts shall be
fully screwed on by hand.
13.2 Bolts, Screws and Nuts shall be provided with identification marking
as laid down in IS: 1367 (Part.18)-1996. The marking of the
manufacturers trade mark of name is mandatory for all products
covered by the obligatory marking requirements for property classes.
For Stainless Steel Fasteners, AISI 316 should be marked as
property class.
13.4 Each package shall contain only one grade and dimension of
fasteners.
13.5 The packages shall be marked clearly and legibly with the following
information.