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VOCABULARY
Education
1. Crèche
2. Nursery school
3. Primary school
4. Comprehensive school/Grammar school
5. Secondary school/Sixth-form college
6. Higher education
gain admission
take/do/sit an exam
resit an exam
formal end-of-year exams (A levels)
public schools (private, fee-paying)
full-time education
LMS (Learning Management System)
VLE (Virtual Learning Environment)
distance learning
blended learning
monitor
course
module
submit work
compulsory
school-leaving age
Higher education
Undergraduate studies (bachelor’s degree)
undergrad(uate)
programme (formed by modules)
complete credits
write a dissertation
to graduate, graduates
Postgraduate studies (master’s degree, PhD (doctor of philosophy))
postgrad(uate)
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specialise in particular field
do research
write a thesis

university campus
lecture hall/theatre, lectures, lecturer
seminars
tutorial, tutors
academic staff
to live on campus in halls (of residence)
to apply for, submit an application
entry requirements
funding
tuition fees
apply for a student loan/scholarship
student union, societies, clubs
university department
Politics and public institutions
federation (union of political units)
independence (self-governing)
overall majority
coalition government
head of the government
US: Presidential government
legislature (US Congress: House of Representatives & Senate)
branches of government
four-year term
appoint/nominate/select high officials (cabinet members)
federal judges
major party, majority party
UK Parliamentary government
legislature (Parliament, 2 chambers: House of Lords and House of Commons)
MPs (members of parliament)
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constituency
(to head the) Cabinet of Ministers
parliamentary/general elections
representative
candidates
to stand/run for Parliament
to present policies
polling day, polling station, cast a vote, ballot paper
to win a seat
marginal seat
Global problems
famine
landslide
typhoon/tropical storm
to be feared dead
an earthquake shakes
war breaks out
a tornado sweeps through
casualties
the dead and wounded
rabies
typhoid
Environmental problems
ozone depletion (reduction)
the thawing of the polar ice caps
globalisation
overfishing, overpopulation
environmentally friendly, ecologically sound
disposal, dispose of, disposable

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