Name Franyce Olivet Irene Thomas

2018118545
University of Belize
BIOL3402 Worksheet 1 on Virus and Protist

1. A typical virus consist of

(a) A protein coat and a cytoplasm core
(b) A carbohydrate coat an phage replication
(a) Phage genes integrate into the host cell genome and are not expressed
(b) Phage gene a nucleic acid core
(c) A protein coat and a nucleic acid core
(d) A polysaccharide coat and a nucleic acid core
(e) In the lytic cycle ofs exist as prophage
(f) Phage DNA remains inside the protein coat
(g) Phage nucleic acid is replicated and phage genes are expressed, making new phage and lysing
the host cell
2. A prophage is
(a) Phage DNA integrated into host cell genome
(b) Phage DNA being actively expressed
(c) Phage protein left outside the bacterium
(d) Toxic to the host bacteria
3. Which of the following can cause aphage in the lysogenic stage to revert to the lytic phase?
(a) Lack of nutrients (b) ultraviolet light (c) darkness (d) a competing phage
4. How do viruses reproduce?
(a) They divide by mitosis
(b) Sexually, by external fertilization
(c) Replication outside the host
(d) Inserting DNA into the host cell
5. Why do some viruses seem to go away and then return later?
(a) Host has been infected with a different strain
(b) The immune system forgot the strain
(c) The virus had entered the lysogenic cycle
(d) The virus is mutated 

SECTION 2 Fill in the Blanks (1pt. each)

Read each statement carefully and fill in the blank with the correct response.
1. Two groups of viral proteins that cause infection are prions and viroid.
2. The stages where new viruses are assembled and release occurs in the latent phase of the viral
life cycle.
3. Sarcodina are protists that move using pseudopodia also commonly known as amoeba .
4. During the process of encystation some protozoa secrete a resistant covering and go into
dormancy.
5. The protist species Trypanosoma brucei causes African sleeping sickness while the species
Tryponosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease.
 6. Foraminiferans are single cell protists that make calcium carbonate shells from carbon dioxide
and help stabilize atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
7. Bacteriophages are able to adhere to sediments in the environment through a process called
attachment .

SECTION 3 TRUE AND FALSE

1. In the lysogenic stage of phage replication, the host cell is lysed. False
2. Once a phage becomes lysogenic, it will remain lysogenic and never lytic again. True
3. Vaccines can be used to prevent viral infection by creating an immune response in the
host. True
4. After the virus is taken up by the cell it immediately lyses the host cell. False
5. The organelle found in move protist that helps to remove wáter or control wáter levels is
called a contractile vacuole
6. Syngamy is the direct transfer of genetic material from one protist to another. True
7. Trichomas vaginales are transmitted by a virus through sexual activity. True