Appendix A

Molarity of NaOH solution = (((wt. KHP) ÷ (MM KHP)) ÷Vol. of NaOH) x 1000
Average molarity of NaOH solution = Σ (molarity of NaOH solution) ÷ total no. of samples
%RSD= (σ)/x ̅) x100
Appendix B
Molarity of HCl solution = (Vol. of 0.02N NaOH * Average Molarity of NaOH) ÷ Vol. HCl
Average molarity of HCl solution = Σ (molarity of HCl solution) ÷ total no. of samples
%RSD= (σ)/x ̅) x100
mg volume of HCl used ,mL x N HCl x 50,000
Appendix C Phenolphthalein alkalinity (¿ as CaCO 3)= x 10 0
L Volume of sample used , mL

mg volume of HCl used , mL x N HCl x 50,000

Total alkalinity (¿ as CaCO 3)= x 10 0
L Volume of sample used , mL