Experiment-5

Aim: To determine the strength of a given solution of Hydrochloric Acid solution by titrating it against

a standard solution of sodium carbonate.

Materials Required: Burette, Pipette, Conical flask, Burette stand, Funnel, Stirrer

Chemicals Required: Hydrochloric acid, Sodium Carbonate solution, Methyl orange indicator

Chemicals Equation: Na2 CO 3 +2 HCl → 2 NaCl+ H 2 O+CO 2

Procedure: Rinse the burette with the hydrochloric acid solution. Fill the burette with hydrochloric
acid solution. Remove the air gap if any, from the burette by running the solution forcefully from the
burette nozzle and note the initial reading. Pipette out 10ml of Standard Sodium Carbonate solution in a
conical flask. Add 2-3 drops of Methyl orange indicator to it. Titrate Sodium Carbonate with HCl
solution until the permanent pinkish-orange colour appears. Repeat the titration till three concordant
readings are obtained.

Observations:

1. Solution in a Burette: Hydrochloric acid

2. Solution in a Pipette: Sodium Carbonate
3. Indicator: Methyl orange
4. End point: pinkish-orange colour

Observation Table:
Burette reading Pilot reading Burette reading in ml C.B.R
Final
Initial
Difference

Calculation: From the above chemical equation,

2 mol of HCl combines with 1 mol of Na2 CO 3

∴ 73 g HCl=106 g Na2 CO 3
∴ 1000 ml 1 M Na2 CO 3=73 g HCl

∴ 10 ml 1 M Na2 CO 3=0.73 g HCl

∴ 10 ml 0 .1 M Na2 CO3 =¿ HCl

׿
∴ 1000 ml HCl solution contains=1000 g of HCl ¿
B.C. R

1000׿
∴ Molariy of HCl=
B . C . R × M . wt of HCl M

Result:

Solution Molarity

HCl _____ M

Viva: 1. When certain volume of one solution completely react with the other solution, this stage of

titration is called ______. (Ans: End Point)

2. In this Experiment Titrant is ________(Ans: Sodium carbonate) and Titrand is _______ (Ans: HCl ).

3. What happened ,If you titrate Na2 CO 3 with HCl using phenolphthalein as indicator?(Ans: If we
titrate Na2 CO 3 with HCl using phenolphthalein as indicator, we will neutralize only half the Na2 CO 3

. The titration is not complete. [PH must be 7 but here PH will be 8.3 so it indicate that half
neutralization done and it’s a PH of NaHCO 3])

4. Which type of titration have you done? ( Ans: Alkalimetry titration. [ determining concentration of a
acidic substance using standard base])

[Note: Add viva in Experiment-3] Which type of titration have you done? (Ans: Acidimetry titration.
[ determining concentration of a basic substance using standard acid ])