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ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT
TRANSLATION – WRITING EXERCISES

1) Translation is an "act of communication across cultural barriers".

ANSWER:

Communication has consistently been a significant necessity in all social groups or societies.
Individuals have been living contrastingly since the hour of our cavern occupant predecessors.
Neanderthals painted pictures on cavern dividers, cooperating with Indo-American utilizing
drumbeat and smoke. Warriors utilized pigeons in fights to pass on top privileged insights. The
following stage in correspondence was letters and a phone. Every single culture the world over is
one of a kind in its own ways. Translation is not only a semantic demonstration; it is additionally
a social demonstration, a demonstration of intercultural communication. Interpretation frequently
requires both language and culture, basically in light of the fact that it is hard to recognize them.
Language is established in culture and it helps us to communicate and shapes social reality, and
the importance of semantic things must be comprehended when thought about together with the
social setting wherein the phonetic things are utilized. It’s also a cultural act, an act of
communication across cultures. Translation often requires language and culture, precisely
because it is difficult to distinguish the two. Language is historically embedded: it both
communicates and forms cultural truth, and the significance of linguistic objects can only be
understood when taken along with the cultural context in which the linguistic objects are being
used. When moving a text from one culture to another, translators should pay careful attention to
variations in nature and degree of conventionalization in the source and target cultures. One of
the main characteristics of translation is its 'double-bind situation', where the translator has to
link the source text in its cultural context to the target communicative-cultural condition. So,
translation of a language will allow us to open the doors to unknown cultural and linguistic
environments and thus translation act as a communication to connect differing cultures.

2. Purpose of Translation:

ANSWER:

The purpose of translation is to express the actual tone objective intent of a message, taking into
account cultural and regional variations between the source and target languages.  Translation
theory in 1970 by Hans Vermeer states that the technical term of translation refers to every text
having its purpose and it must be translated in a way that enables the same situation and culture
of the source text. There are numerous languages spoken and written around the world. So it is
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not possible for every individual to know all the languages. Thus the very purpose of translation
is to make text available for every human being. So in the postmodern world translation has
become more relevant that people visualize it as a socio cultural bridge between communities
and countries. People now feel the importance of interacting and remaining connected with the
people of other Socio-cultural communities, both in their respective countries as well as
countries across the world. In this backdrop, translation has acquired an increasing importance
and satisfies individual, societal and national needs. So translation brings different cultures
together, which leads to globalization and technological developments. Translation, therefore, is
critical for social harmony and peace, plus it is also the only medium through which people come
to know about different works that tends them to gain knowledge.

5. Describe the importance of equivalence in translation:

ANSWER:

Equivalence is an important concept of translation theory and one of the main principles of
Western theory of translation. It is important to understand the meaning of technical
term equivalence, in the theory of translation the term equivalence is used in its general meaning
because it is hard to find absolutely identical words and notions in different languages, since it is
hard for a translator to find the absolute and exact identical words and notions in different
languages. Different languages have different phonetic grammar syntax and vocabulary
structures. There is this work which tends to discuss about a certain degree of equivalence
when we make a translation. So in the perspective of translation we observe and assume
equivalence is the meaning of similarity or approximation and it shows the level of relation
between source and target text. Theorists tend to assume that the foreign text is stable in its
object and process invariants and capable of reducing it precisely into defined unit levels and
categories of languages and texts. Equivalence is submitted to lexical, grammatical and
stylistic establishments on the basis of text type and social function. Translation is a form of
communication and that is the reason it is so important to establish equivalence between the
source text and the target.

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DATE: 30/04/2020 SUBMITTED BY:

ABHISHEK.S

BC0190002