Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The Zyglo Fluorescent Penetrant Process: Step 1-Pre-Clean Parts Step 2-Apply Penetrant
The Zyglo Fluorescent Penetrant Process: Step 1-Pre-Clean Parts Step 2-Apply Penetrant
The ZYGLO® fluorescent penetrant STEP 1—PRE-CLEAN PARTS STEP 2—APPLY PENETRANT
process is a nondestructive testing
(NDT) method that helps you Successful penetrant testing Once parts are clean and dry,
locate and identify surface defects depends largely on the ability of Zyglo penetrant is applied by
in order to screen out potential dye penetrant material to enter spray, immersion dip, or brush-
failure-producing defects, correct surface defects. To ensure that ing. Complete coverage of the
production problems and increase defects are open, parts must be area to be inspected is essential,
product uniformity. thoroughly pre-cleaned before and a penetrant “dwell” time is
penetrant is applied. required for the penetrant action
It is a quick and accurate process to take place.
for locating surface flaws such as Shot blasting, polishing and
shrinkage cracks, porosity, cold machining can peen over or The length of dwell time depends
shuts, fatigue cracks, grinding smear cracks, so penetrant testing on the material being inspected,
cracks, heat treat cracks, seams, should be performed prior to the type of defect being sought,
forging laps, forging bursts, these finishing operations. and specification requirements.
through leaks, and lack of bond. Generally, 10 minutes to 30
Just because parts appear to be
minutes is adequate, but materials
The ZYGLO® fluorescent penetrant clean doesn’t mean they are clean
like titanium require a longer
process works effectively in a enough for penetrant testing.
dwell period because of the tight-
variety of porous and non-porous Parts must not only be free of
ness of typical discontinuities.
materials: aluminum, magnesium, gross contamination, but anything
brass, copper, titanium, bronze, that can “clog” surface defects: STEP 3—REMOVE PENETRANT
stainless steel, sintered carbide, • Rust • Grease
non-magnetic alloys, ceramics, There are four primary methods for
• Scale • Oil
plastic and glass. For magnetic removing or cleaning surface
• Paint • Wax
(ferrous) materials, the Magnaglo penetrants.
• Plating • Water
magnetic particle testing method 1. Post Emulsifiers (PE)—
is recommended. Solvent degreasing or aqueous
Lipophilic Method
cleaners remove most oily
In general, the ZYGLO® fluorescent This method allows close control
contaminants. Caustic and acid
penetrant process consists of the of penetrant removal, perm i t t i n g
cleaners remove most paints and
m o re penetrant to remain in
several steps listed. However, the plastic coatings. Ground-in metal
discontinuities and thus increasing
process steps for your specific appli- can be loosened by oily cleaning
the detectability of shallow cracks.
cation should be determined by the compounds (emulsifiers.)
desired results, specification require- You can choose from a variety of
But remember, the cleaning agents
ments, the penetrant materials being products with different emulsifying
you use to remove foreign materi-
used and the parts being tested. rates, but the emulsifying speed
als must also be removed, usually
will vary with different penetrants.
with water, before applying a pen-
etrant. The water can be removed Emulsifiers are usually applied by
by drying. In all cases, the dipping parts in a tank. Then, the
part must be cleaned and emulsifier must be allowed to
completely dry before drain off for 2–5 minutes. After
applying penetrant. draining, the emulsifier/penetrant
is washed off with water.
THE ZYGLO FLUORESCENT PENETRANT PROCESS
AQUEOUS D RY NONAQUEOUS
DRY DRY
DEVELOPER DEVELOPER DRY DEVELOPER
DRY NONAQUEOUS
DEVELOPER
DRY
DEVELOPER METHOD D
HYDROPHILIC DWELL
DWELL INSPECTION
CLEAN AND DRY
INSPECTION
APPLY POST CLEAN
PENETRANT
POST CLEAN
DWELL
3624 WEST LAKE AVENUE ■ GLENVIEW, ILLINOIS 60026 ■ TEL 847.657.5300 ■ FAX 847.657.5388 ■ http://www.magnaflux.com
FARADAY ROAD, S. DORCAN INDUSTRIAL ESTATE ■ SWINDON, SN3 5HE, WILTSHIRE, ENGLAND ■ PHONE: 44-1793-524566 ■ FAX: 44-1793-619498
Printed in U.S.A. We reserve the right to make changes without prior notice or obligation.
©2004 MAGNAFLUX MX No. 35 6/04 1M SC/GI